The Experts below are selected from a list of 21321 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Andres T. Blei - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Cerebral Blood Flow in Acute Liver Failure: A Finding in Search of a Mechanism
    Metabolic Brain Disease, 2004
    Co-Authors: Javier Vaquero, Chuhan Chung, Andres T. Blei
    Abstract:

    In the last few years, several abnormalities of cerebral Blood flow (CBF), namely loss of cerebral autoregulation, altered reactivity to carbon dioxide, and development of cerebral hyperemia, have been described in patients as well as experimental models of acute liver failure (ALF) and/or hyperammonemia. The development of cerebral hyperemia seems particularly relevant to the pathogenesis of Brain edema in ALF. In addition to the potential increase of Brain Blood Volume causing a rise in intracranial pressure, an increase of CBF could facilitate the movement of water across the Blood Brain barrier in an osmotically altered Brain. Because maneuvers that abrogate the rise of CBF have been shown to prevent or ameliorate Brain edema in ALF/hyperammonemia, elucidation of the mechanism by which the rise of CBF occurs is important. In the rat after portacaval anastomosis receiving an ammonia infusion, the signal resulting in cerebral hyperemia arises within the Brain once maximal glutamine accumulation has occurred in astrocytes. Several mediators potentially involved in the development of cerebral hyperemia in ALF are examined in this review, but further work is needed to assess the role, if any, of each of them.

Javier Vaquero - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Cerebral Blood Flow in Acute Liver Failure: A Finding in Search of a Mechanism
    Metabolic Brain Disease, 2004
    Co-Authors: Javier Vaquero, Chuhan Chung, Andres T. Blei
    Abstract:

    In the last few years, several abnormalities of cerebral Blood flow (CBF), namely loss of cerebral autoregulation, altered reactivity to carbon dioxide, and development of cerebral hyperemia, have been described in patients as well as experimental models of acute liver failure (ALF) and/or hyperammonemia. The development of cerebral hyperemia seems particularly relevant to the pathogenesis of Brain edema in ALF. In addition to the potential increase of Brain Blood Volume causing a rise in intracranial pressure, an increase of CBF could facilitate the movement of water across the Blood Brain barrier in an osmotically altered Brain. Because maneuvers that abrogate the rise of CBF have been shown to prevent or ameliorate Brain edema in ALF/hyperammonemia, elucidation of the mechanism by which the rise of CBF occurs is important. In the rat after portacaval anastomosis receiving an ammonia infusion, the signal resulting in cerebral hyperemia arises within the Brain once maximal glutamine accumulation has occurred in astrocytes. Several mediators potentially involved in the development of cerebral hyperemia in ALF are examined in this review, but further work is needed to assess the role, if any, of each of them.

Chuhan Chung - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Cerebral Blood Flow in Acute Liver Failure: A Finding in Search of a Mechanism
    Metabolic Brain Disease, 2004
    Co-Authors: Javier Vaquero, Chuhan Chung, Andres T. Blei
    Abstract:

    In the last few years, several abnormalities of cerebral Blood flow (CBF), namely loss of cerebral autoregulation, altered reactivity to carbon dioxide, and development of cerebral hyperemia, have been described in patients as well as experimental models of acute liver failure (ALF) and/or hyperammonemia. The development of cerebral hyperemia seems particularly relevant to the pathogenesis of Brain edema in ALF. In addition to the potential increase of Brain Blood Volume causing a rise in intracranial pressure, an increase of CBF could facilitate the movement of water across the Blood Brain barrier in an osmotically altered Brain. Because maneuvers that abrogate the rise of CBF have been shown to prevent or ameliorate Brain edema in ALF/hyperammonemia, elucidation of the mechanism by which the rise of CBF occurs is important. In the rat after portacaval anastomosis receiving an ammonia infusion, the signal resulting in cerebral hyperemia arises within the Brain once maximal glutamine accumulation has occurred in astrocytes. Several mediators potentially involved in the development of cerebral hyperemia in ALF are examined in this review, but further work is needed to assess the role, if any, of each of them.

Gilberto R Gonzalez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ct angiography with whole Brain perfused Blood Volume imaging added clinical value in the assessment of acute stroke
    Stroke, 2002
    Co-Authors: Mustapha A Ezzeddine, Michael H Lev, Colin T Mcdonald, Guy Rordorf, Jamary Oliveirafilho, Fatma Gul Aksoy, Jeffrey Farkas, Alan Z Segal, Lee H Schwamm, Gilberto R Gonzalez
    Abstract:

    Background and Purpose— In CT angiographic and perfusion imaging (CTA/CTP), rapid CT scanning is performed during the brief steady state administration of a contrast bolus, creating both vascular phase images of the major intracranial vessels and perfused Blood Volume-weighted parenchymal phase images of the entire Brain. We assessed the added clinical value of the data provided by CTA/CTP over that of clinical examination and noncontrast CT (NCCT) alone. Methods— NCCT and CTA/CTP imaging was performed in 40 patients presenting with an acute stroke. Short clinical vignettes were retrospectively prepared. After concurrent review of the vignettes and NCCT, a stroke neurologist rated infarct location, vascular territory, vessel(s) occluded, and Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) and Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project classifications. The ratings were repeated after serial review of each of the CTA/CTP components: (1) axial CTA source images; (2) CTP whole Brain Blood Volume-weighted sourc...

Mustapha A Ezzeddine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • ct angiography with whole Brain perfused Blood Volume imaging added clinical value in the assessment of acute stroke
    Stroke, 2002
    Co-Authors: Mustapha A Ezzeddine, Michael H Lev, Colin T Mcdonald, Guy Rordorf, Jamary Oliveirafilho, Fatma Gul Aksoy, Jeffrey Farkas, Alan Z Segal, Lee H Schwamm, Gilberto R Gonzalez
    Abstract:

    Background and Purpose— In CT angiographic and perfusion imaging (CTA/CTP), rapid CT scanning is performed during the brief steady state administration of a contrast bolus, creating both vascular phase images of the major intracranial vessels and perfused Blood Volume-weighted parenchymal phase images of the entire Brain. We assessed the added clinical value of the data provided by CTA/CTP over that of clinical examination and noncontrast CT (NCCT) alone. Methods— NCCT and CTA/CTP imaging was performed in 40 patients presenting with an acute stroke. Short clinical vignettes were retrospectively prepared. After concurrent review of the vignettes and NCCT, a stroke neurologist rated infarct location, vascular territory, vessel(s) occluded, and Trial of Org 10172 in Acute Stroke Treatment (TOAST) and Oxfordshire Community Stroke Project classifications. The ratings were repeated after serial review of each of the CTA/CTP components: (1) axial CTA source images; (2) CTP whole Brain Blood Volume-weighted sourc...