The Experts below are selected from a list of 75 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
A. Pullia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Searches for Dark Matter with Superheated Liquid Techniques
Advances in High Energy Physics, 2014Co-Authors: A. PulliaAbstract:This is a short review of the detectors based on the superheated liquid techniques, including continuously sensitive Bubble Chambers, superheated droplet detectors (SDD) and Geysers.
C. B. Krauss - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Modeling emission of acoustic energy during Bubble expansion in PICO Bubble Chambers
Physical Review D, 2019Co-Authors: Tetiana Kozynets, S. Fallows, C. B. KraussAbstract:The PICO experiment uses Bubble Chambers filled with superheated C$_3$F$_8$ for spin-dependent WIMP dark matter searches. One of the main sources of background in these detectors is alpha particles from decays of environmental $^{222}\mathrm{Rn}$, which nucleate Bubbles that are visually indistinguishable from WIMP candidate events. Alpha-induced Bubbles can be discriminated acoustically, because the signal from alpha events is consistently larger in magnitude than that from nuclear recoil/WIMP-like events. By studying the dynamics of Bubbles nucleated by these two types of ionizing radiation from the first stages of their growth, we present a physical model for the acoustic discrimination for the first time. The distribution of acoustic energies that we generate for a simulated sample of Bubble nucleations by alpha particles and nuclear recoils is compared directly to the experimental data.
A Sonnenschein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bubble Chambers for experiments in nuclear astrophysics
Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators Spectrometers Detectors and Associated Equipment, 2015Co-Authors: B. Digiovine, A Sonnenschein, D. J. Henderson, R. J. Holt, R. Raut, K. E. Rehm, A. Robinson, G. Rusev, Anton Tonchev, C. UgaldeAbstract:Abstract A Bubble chamber has been developed to be used as an active target system for low energy nuclear astrophysics experiments. Adopting ideas from dark matter detection with superheated liquids, a detector system compatible with γ-ray beams has been developed. This detector alleviates some of the limitations encountered in standard measurements of the minute cross-sections of interest to stellar environments. While the astrophysically relevant nuclear reaction processes at hydrostatic burning temperatures are dominated by radiative captures, in this experimental scheme we measure the time-reversed processes. Such photodisintegrations allow us to compute the radiative capture cross-sections when transitions to excited states of the reaction products are negligible. Due to the transformation of phase space, the photodisintegration cross-sections are up to two orders of magnitude higher. The main advantage of the new target-detector system is a density several orders of magnitude higher than conventional gas targets. Also, the detector is virtually insensitive to the γ-ray beam itself, thus allowing us to detect only the products of the nuclear reaction of interest. The development and the operation as well as the advantages and disadvantages of the Bubble chamber are discussed.
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Neutron detection via Bubble Chambers.
Applied radiation and isotopes : including data instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture industry and medicine, 2005Co-Authors: D V Jordan, J H Ely, A J Peurrung, L J Bond, J I Collar, M Flake, M A Knopf, W K Pitts, M Shaver, A SonnenscheinAbstract:Research investigating the application of pressure-cycled Bubble Chambers to fast neutron detection is described. Experiments with a Halon-filled chamber showed clear sensitivity to an AmBe neutron source and insensitivity to a (137)Cs gamma source. Bubble formation was documented using high-speed photography, and a ceramic piezo-electric transducer element registered the acoustic signature of Bubble formation. In a second set of experiments, the Bubble nucleation response of a Freon-134a chamber to an AmBe neutron source was documented with high-speed photography.
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Development of Bubble Chambers with sensitivity to WIMPs
Nuclear Physics B - Proceedings Supplements, 2005Co-Authors: Leonard J. Bond, J I Collar, A Sonnenschein, James H. Ely, Matthew Flake, J. Hall, David V. Jordan, D. Nakazawa, A. Raskin, Kevin O'sullivanAbstract:Bubble nucleation in moderately superheated liquids can be triggered by nuclear recoils from WIMPs. This phenomenon is the basis for superheated droplet detectors. The droplet technique is currently limited by insensitivity to spin-independent interactions, due to lack of heavy elements in the usual target liquids, and sensitivity to contamination of the gel by alpha emitters. As an alternative, we have developed a new type of homogeneous Bubble chamber, which can contain heavy liquids, including CF3Br, CF3I, and C3F8. Detectors of this type may be scalable to large size at modest cost and could have very low backgrounds. We discuss results obtained with a 12 ml prototype and plans for a 1 liter chamber.
A. Santagata - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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on the critical energy required for homogeneous nucleation in Bubble Chambers employed in dark matter searches
European Physical Journal C, 2019Co-Authors: Giacomo Bruno, N. Burgio, Massimo Corcione, L. Cretara, M. Frullini, W. Fulgione, L. Manara, Alessandro Quintino, A. SantagataAbstract:Two equations for the calculation of the critical energy required for homogeneous nucleation in a superheated liquid, and the related critical radius of the nucleated vapour Bubble, are obtained, the former by the direct application of the first law of thermodynamics, the latter by considering that the Bubble formation implies the overcoming of a barrier of the free enthalpy potential. Compared with the currently used relationships, the present equations, still allowing for reversible processes only, lead to thermodynamic energy thresholds of the Bubble Chambers employed in dark matter searches that are closer to the experimental values.
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On the critical energy required for homogeneous nucleation in Bubble Chambers employed in dark matter searches
The European Physical Journal C, 2019Co-Authors: Giacomo Bruno, N. Burgio, Massimo Corcione, L. Cretara, M. Frullini, W. Fulgione, L. Manara, Alessandro Quintino, A. Santagata, L. ZanottiAbstract:Two equations for the calculation of the critical energy required for homogeneous nucleation in a superheated liquid, and the related critical radius of the nucleated vapour Bubble, are obtained, the former by the direct application of the first law of thermodynamics, the latter by considering that the Bubble formation implies the overcoming of a barrier of the free enthalpy potential. Comparisons with the currently used relationships demonstrate that the sensitivity of the Bubble Chambers employed in dark matter searches can be sometimes notably overestimated.
Surjeet Rajendran - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Magnetic Bubble Chambers and sub-GeV dark matter direct detection
Physical Review D, 2017Co-Authors: Philip C. Bunting, Giorgio Gratta, Tom Melia, Surjeet RajendranAbstract:We propose a new application of single molecule magnet crystals: their use as ``magnetic Bubble Chambers'' for the direct detection of sub-GeV dark matter. The spins in these macroscopic crystals effectively act as independent nanoscale magnets. When antialigned with an external magnetic field they form metastable states with a relaxation time that can be very long at sufficiently low temperatures. The Zeeman energy stored in this system can be released through localized heating, caused for example by the scattering or absorption of dark matter, resulting in a spin avalanche (or ``magnetic deflagration'') that amplifies the effects of the initial heat deposit, enabling detection. Much like the temperature and pressure in a conventional Bubble chamber, the temperature and external magnetic field set the detection threshold for a single molecule magnet crystal. We discuss this detector concept for dark matter detection and propose ways to ameliorate backgrounds. If successfully developed, this detector concept can search for hidden photon dark matter in the meV--eV mass range with sensitivities exceeding current bounds by several orders of magnitude.
