The Experts below are selected from a list of 153 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Simão, Natália Maria Braga [unesp] - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dosagem de marcadores cardíacos CK-MB e TnIc e eletrólitos no envenenamento experimental por veneno de sapo em cães
Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA, 2009Co-Authors: Camplesi, Annelise Carla [unesp], Simão, Natália Maria Braga [unesp], Moya, Carla F. [unesp]Abstract:Dentre os sinais sistêmicos causados pelo envenenamento por veneno de sapo (Bufotoxina) em cães, os efeitos cardiotóxicos são um dos mais importantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as potenciais alterações no músculo cardíaco de cães envenenados experimentalmente por veneno de sapo e observar as alterações eletrolíticas que podem ocorrer nesse tipo de envenenamento. Utilizaram-se 20 cães divididos em grupo controle (n=5) e grupo envenenado (n=15). O veneno de sapo foi extraído por meio de compressão manual das glândulas paratóides. Após anestesia geral, os cães do grupo controle receberam placebo (solução fisiológica) e os do grupo envenenado uma alíquota do veneno por sonda orogástrica. As colheitas de sangue para dosagem dos marcadores cardíacos foram realizadas seis e 24 horas após o envenenamento. As colheitas de sangue para dosagem dos eletrólitos foram realizadas antes e duas, quatro, seis e 12 horas após o envenenamento. A análise estatística empregada foi o teste não-paramétrico de Mann-Withney (P
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Intoxicação experimental por veneno de sapo em cães anestesiados: estudo clínico e laboratorial
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2007Co-Authors: Simão, Natália Maria Braga [unesp]Abstract:O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar os aspectos clínico e laboratorial de cães intoxicados com veneno de sapo. Foram utilizados 20 cães, adultos, sem raça definida, machos e fêmeas, sadios, divididos em dois grupos: controle (n=5) e intoxicados com veneno de sapo (n=15). Os cães foram submetidos à indução anestésica com tiopental sódico IV e mantidos em anestesia volátil com isofluorano a 3% durante o período de avaliação e registro de dados, que foi de duas horas e meia. Neste período, os animais do grupo controle receberam apenas placebo (solução fisiológica) e os animais do grupo intoxicado receberam uma alíquota do veneno de sapo por sonda orogástrica. Durante a avaliação, foi observada a presença dos sinais clínicos, tais como: sialorréia, irritação da mucosa oral, evacuação, micção, coloração das mucosas e temperatura corpórea. Também foi colhido material para avaliação hematológica, urinálise, bioquímica sérica e hemogasometria. Os resultados mostraram que a intoxicação por Bufotoxina causa gastroenterite evidente e alterações neurológicas com sinais variáveis. O veneno de sapo não causa lesão renal, podendo ser considerado não nefrotóxico nas condições do presente experimento. Os animais intoxicados apresentaram uma leve alteração hepática medida pelos valores de ALT e FA. E a hemogasometria mostrou que podem ocorrer várias alterações do equilíbrio ácido-básico.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical and laboratorial of the dogs intoxicated with toad venom. For this we used 20 dogs without definitive breed, males and females, healthy, divided in two groups: Control (n=5) and Intoxicated (n=15). These dogs were submitted to anesthesic induction with sodic thiopental IV and maintained in volatile anaesthesia with isofluorane 3% during the period of evaluation and value records (two and half hours). In this period, the Intoxicated group received a fraction of the toad venom through oro-gastric catheter. During the evaluation, was observed the present or not of these clinical signs: profuse salivation, oral mucoses irritation, evacuation, urine, color mucous and body temperature. The animals were submitted to hematological evaluation, urinalysis, biochemical and blood gas analysis. The results showed that the intoxication by Bufotoxin causes evident digestive tract alterations and neurologics alterations with variables signs. The toad venom doesn’t causes kidney injury, could consider not toxic for kidney in conditions of this experiment. The intoxicated animals showed a hepatic moderate alteration measured for ALT and FA values. Blood gas analysis showed that can present several acid-basic balance alterations, in bufoxin envenenation
Joseph P Barsuglia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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intensity of mystical experiences occasioned by 5 meo dmt and comparison with a prior psilocybin study
Frontiers in Psychology, 2018Co-Authors: Joseph P Barsuglia, Alan K Davis, Robert Palmer, Rafael Lancelotta, Austin Marley Windhamherman, Kristel Peterson, Martin Polanco, Robert M Grant, Roland R GriffithsAbstract:5-MeO-DMT is a psychoactive substance found in high concentrations in the Bufotoxin of the Colorado River Toad. Emerging evidence suggests that vaporized 5-MeO-DMT may occasion mystical experiences of comparable intensity to those occasioned by more widely studied psychedelics such as psilocybin, but no empirical study has tested this hypothesis. Data was obtained from 20 individuals (mean age = 38.9, male = 55%, Caucasian = 85%) who were administered 5-MeO-DMT as part of a psychospiritual retreat program in Mexico. All participants received 50mg of inhaled vaporized toad Bufotoxin which contains 5-MeO-DMT and completed the Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ30) approximately 4-6 hours after their session. Administration of 5-MeO-DMT occasioned strong mystical experiences (MEQ30 Overall Mintensity = 4.17, ± 0.64, range 0–5) and the majority (75%) had “a complete mystical experience” (≥60% on all MEQ30 subscales). Compared to a prior laboratory-based psilocybin study, there were no differences in the intensity of mystical effects between 5-MeO-DMT and a high dose (30 mg/70 kg) of psilocybin, but the intensity of mystical effects was significantly higher in the 5-MeO-DMT sample compared to moderate/high dose (20 mg/70 kg) of psilocybin (MEQ30 Total Score: p = .02, d = 0.81). Administration of vaporized 5-MeO-DMT reliably occasioned mystical experiences in a majority of individuals and was similar in intensity to high dose psilocybin administered in a laboratory setting. The short duration of action may be advantageous for clinical interventions and for studying mystical-type experiences.
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Intensity of Mystical Experiences Occasioned by 5-MeO-DMT and Comparison With a Prior Psilocybin Study
Frontiers Media S.A., 2018Co-Authors: Joseph P Barsuglia, Alan K Davis, Robert Palmer, Rafael Lancelotta, Kristel Peterson, Austin-marley Windham-herman, Martin PolancoAbstract:5-MeO-DMT is a psychoactive substance found in high concentrations in the Bufotoxin of the Colorado River Toad (Bufo alvarius). Emerging evidence suggests that vaporized 5-MeO-DMT may occasion mystical experiences of comparable intensity to those occasioned by more widely studied psychedelics such as psilocybin, but no empirical study has tested this hypothesis. Data was obtained from 20 individuals (Mage = 38.9, ± 10.7; male = 55%, Caucasian = 85%) who were administered 5-MeO-DMT as part of a psychospiritual retreat program in Mexico. All participants received 50 mg of inhaled vaporized toad Bufotoxin which contains 5-MeO-DMT and completed the Mystical Experience Questionnaire (MEQ30) approximately 4–6 h after their session. Administration of 5-MeO-DMT occasioned strong mystical experiences (MEQ30 Overall Mintensity = 4.17, ± 0.64, range 0–5) and the majority (n = 15, 75%) had “a complete mystical experience” (≥60% on all MEQ30 subscales). Compared to a prior laboratory-based psilocybin study, there were no differences in the intensity of mystical effects between 5-MeO-DMT and a high dose (30 mg/70 kg) of psilocybin, but the intensity of mystical effects was significantly higher in the 5-MeO-DMT sample compared to moderate/high dose (20 mg/70 kg) of psilocybin (MEQ30 Total Score: p = 0.02, d = 0.81). Administration of vaporized 5-MeO-DMT reliably occasioned complete mystical experiences in 75% of individuals and was similar in intensity to high dose psilocybin administered in a laboratory setting. The short duration of action may be advantageous for clinical interventions and for studying mystical-type experiences
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A case report SPECT study and theoretical rationale for the sequential administration of ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT in the treatment of alcohol use disorder.
Progress in Brain Research, 2018Co-Authors: Joseph P Barsuglia, Robert Palmer, Martin Polanco, Benjamin J. Malcolm, Benjamin Kelmendi, Tanya CalveyAbstract:Abstract Ibogaine is a plant-derived alkaloid and dissociative psychedelic that demonstrates anti-addictive properties with several substances of abuse, including alcohol. 5-methoxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (5-MeO-DMT) is a naturally occurring psychedelic known to occasion potent mystical-type experiences and also demonstrates anti-addictive properties. The potential therapeutic effects of both compounds in treating alcohol use disorder require further investigation and there are no published human neuroimaging findings of either treatment to date. We present the case of a 31-year-old male military veteran with moderate alcohol use disorder who sought treatment at an inpatient clinic in Mexico that utilized a sequential protocol with ibogaine hydrochloride (1550 mg, 17.9 mg/kg) on day 1, followed by vaporized 5-MeO-DMT (Bufotoxin source 50 mg, estimated 5-MeO-DMT content, 5–7 mg) on day 3. The patient received SPECT neuroimaging that included a resting-state protocol before, and 3 days after completion of the program. During the patient's ibogaine treatment, he experienced dream-like visions that included content pertaining to his alcohol use and resolution of past developmental traumas. He described his treatment with 5-MeO-DMT as a peak transformational and spiritual breakthrough. On post-treatment SPECT neuroimaging, increases in brain perfusion were noted in bilateral caudate nuclei, left putamen, right insula, as well as temporal, occipital, and cerebellar regions compared to the patient's baseline scan. The patient reported improvement in mood, cessation of alcohol use, and reduced cravings at 5 days post-treatment, effects which were sustained at 1 month, with a partial return to mild alcohol use at 2 months. In this case, serial administration of ibogaine and 5-MeO-DMT resulted in increased perfusion in multiple brain regions broadly associated with alcohol use disorders and known pharmacology of both compounds, which coincided with a short-term therapeutic outcome. We present theoretical considerations regarding the potential of both psychedelic medicines in treating alcohol use disorders in the context of these isolated findings, and areas for future investigation.
Camplesi, Annelise Carla [unesp] - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Dosagem de marcadores cardíacos CK-MB e TnIc e eletrólitos no envenenamento experimental por veneno de sapo em cães
Colégio Brasileiro de Patologia Animal - CBPA, 2009Co-Authors: Camplesi, Annelise Carla [unesp], Simão, Natália Maria Braga [unesp], Moya, Carla F. [unesp]Abstract:Dentre os sinais sistêmicos causados pelo envenenamento por veneno de sapo (Bufotoxina) em cães, os efeitos cardiotóxicos são um dos mais importantes. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar as potenciais alterações no músculo cardíaco de cães envenenados experimentalmente por veneno de sapo e observar as alterações eletrolíticas que podem ocorrer nesse tipo de envenenamento. Utilizaram-se 20 cães divididos em grupo controle (n=5) e grupo envenenado (n=15). O veneno de sapo foi extraído por meio de compressão manual das glândulas paratóides. Após anestesia geral, os cães do grupo controle receberam placebo (solução fisiológica) e os do grupo envenenado uma alíquota do veneno por sonda orogástrica. As colheitas de sangue para dosagem dos marcadores cardíacos foram realizadas seis e 24 horas após o envenenamento. As colheitas de sangue para dosagem dos eletrólitos foram realizadas antes e duas, quatro, seis e 12 horas após o envenenamento. A análise estatística empregada foi o teste não-paramétrico de Mann-Withney (P
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Avaliações clínicas e laboratoriais da intoxicação experimental por veneno de sapo em cães
Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2006Co-Authors: Camplesi, Annelise Carla [unesp]Abstract:O presente trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar os aspectos clínico, laboratorial, eletrocardiográfico de cães intoxicados por veneno de sapo, além de verificar a resposta ao tratamento com propranolol. Para tanto, foram utilizados 20 cães sem raça definida, machos e fêmeas, sadios, divididos em 2 grupos: controle (n=5) e intoxicados com veneno de sapo (n=15). Os cães foram submetidos à indução anestésica com tiopental sódico IV e mantidos em anestesia volátil com isoflurano a 3% durante o período de avaliação e registro de dados (duas horas e meia). Neste período, os animais do grupo controle receberam somente placebo (solução fisiológica) e os do grupo Intoxicado receberam uma alíquota do veneno de sapo por sonda orogástrica. Os animais que apresentaram taquicardia ventricular foram tratados com propranolol a 0,5 mg/kg IV. Durante a avaliação foram observadas as alterações dos sinais clínicos, tais como: freqüência e ritmo cardíacos, sialorréia, irritação da mucosa oral, evacuação e micção, alterações respiratórias, coloração das mucosas, temperatura corpórea e freqüência de pulso. Também foi mensurada a pressão arterial (sistólica, diastólica e média) e colhido material para dosagem de marcadores cardíacos (CK-MB e TnIc), além de dosagem de eletrólitos plasmáticos (Na, K e Ca iônico) e os animais foram monitorados com eletrocardiógrafo para verificação de arritmias. Os resultados mostraram que a intoxicação por Bufotoxina causa alterações cardiovasculares, como hipertensão e arritmias ventriculares (VPCs e TV); alterações neurológicas com sinais variáveis; alterações gastrointestinais com vômito, sialorréia, hiperemia da mucosa e diarréia. Além disso, os animais intoxicados apresentaram elevação de CK-MB e TnIc, mostrando lesão miocárdica aguda...The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical, laboratorial and eletrocardiographic aspects of the dogs intoxicated with toad venom, besides to check the answer to therapeutic with the use of propranolol. For this, were used 20 dogs without definitive breed, males and females, healthy, divided in two groups: Control (n=5) and Intoxicated with toad venom (n=15). These dogs were submitted to anesthesic induction with sodic thiopental IV and maintained in volatile anaesthesia with isoflurane 3% during the period of evaluation and value records (two and half hours). In this period, the Control group received only phisiologic solution and the Intoxicated group animals received a fraction of the toad venom through oro-gastric catheter. The animals that showed ventricular taquicardiac were treated with 0,5 mg/Kg Iv of propranolol. During the evaluation, was observed the present or not of these clinical signs: cardiac frequence and rhythm, profuse salivation, oral mucoses irritation, evacuation, urine, respiratory changes, color mucous, body temperature and pulse frequency. Also was mensured the arterial pressure (systolic, diastolic and medium) and was collected material by dosing cardiac markers (CK-MB and TnIc), besides dosing of eletrolyte plasmatics (Na, K and Ca ionic) and these animals were monitored with eletrocardiographic by cheking arrhythmias. The results showed that the intoxication by Bufotoxin causes cardiovasculars alterations as hypertension and ventriculars arrhythmias (VPCs e TV), neurologics alterations with signs variables, digestive tract alterations as vomits, profuse salivation, hyperemic mucous membranes and diarrhoea. Besides, the intoxicated animals showed elevation of CK-MB and TnIc, showing sharp lesion of miocardic. Propranolol, in the dose utilized showed to be a medicine enough sufficient by treatment of ventryculars arrhythmias affronted by toad venom... (Complete abstract click eletronic address below
Richard Shine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Using genetic data to predict the vulnerability of a native predator to a toxic invader
Endangered Species Research, 2016Co-Authors: Richard Shine, Supen Wang, George Madani, Kyle Armstrong, Libiao ZhangAbstract:Australia has no native toad species, and as a consequence, many Australian pre - dators lack resistance to the toxins of the invasive cane toad Rhinella marina, and die if they ingest one of these toads. Resistance is conferred by a small and consistent genetic change, so genetic data can provide a rapid, non-invasive way to clarify the vulnerability of as-yet-unstudied taxa. To evaluate the hypothesis that a recent decline of ghost bat Macroderma gigas populations in tropical Australia is due to ingestion of cane toads, we sequenced the H1-H2 extracellular domain of the sodium-potassium-ATPase. Two anuran-eating Asian relatives of the Australian species possess the genes that confer Bufotoxin resistance, but the ghost bat does not. Like varanid lizards (major victims of the toad invasion), Australian ghost bats appear to have lost their physiological resistance to toad toxins but retained generalist foraging behaviours, potentially including a readiness to attack toads as well as frogs. Our genetic data suggest that cane toads may imperil populations of this iconic predator, and detailed behavioural and ecological studies are warranted.
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Toad’s tongue for breakfast: exploitation of a novel prey type, the invasive cane toad, by scavenging raptors in tropical Australia
Biological Invasions, 2011Co-Authors: Christa Beckmann, Richard ShineAbstract:Although interest in the ecological impacts of invasive species has largely focused on negative effects, some native taxa may benefit from invader arrival. In tropical Australia, invasive cane toads ( Bufo marinus ) have fatally poisoned many native predators (e.g., marsupials, crocodiles, lizards) that attempt to ingest the toxic anurans, but birds appear to be more resistant to toad toxins. We quantified offtake of dead (road-killed) cane toads by raptors (black kites ( Milvus migrans ) and whistling kites ( Haliastur sphenurus )) at a site near Darwin, in the Australian wet-dry tropics. Raptors readily took dead toads, especially small ones, although native frogs were preferred to toads if available. More carcasses were removed in the dry season than the wet season, perhaps reflecting seasonal availability of alternative prey. Raptors appeared to recognize and avoid Bufotoxins, and typically removed and consumed only the toads’ tongues (thereby minimizing toxin uptake). The invasion of cane toads thus constitutes a novel prey type for scavenging raptors, rather than (as is the case for many other native predators) a threat to population viability.
Haiyu Zhao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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multi component identification and target cell based screening of potential bioactive compounds in toad venom by uplc coupled with high resolution ltq orbitrap ms and high sensitivity qtrap ms
Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, 2018Co-Authors: Baolin Bian, Ming Guan, Hui Yang, Na Li, Tuo Li, Shilei Li, Yangyang Zhang, Zhenwen Zhao, Haiyu ZhaoAbstract:Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) are undoubtedly treasured natural resources for discovering effective medicines in treating and preventing various diseases. However, it is still extremely difficult for screening the bioactive compounds due to the tremendous constituents in TCMs. In this work, the chemical composition of toad venom was comprehensively analyzed using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) coupled with high-resolution LTQ-Orbitrap mass spectrometry and 93 compounds were detected. Among them, 17 constituents were confirmed by standard substances and 8 constituents were detected in toad venom for the first time. Further, a compound database of toad venom containing the fullest compounds was further constructed using UPLC coupled with high-sensitivity Qtrap MS. Then a target cell-based approach for screening potential bioactive compounds from toad venom was developed by analyzing the target cell extracts. The reliability of this method was validated by negative controls and positive controls. In total, 17 components in toad venom were discovered to interact with the target cancer cells. Further, in vitro pharmacological trials were performed to confirm the anti-cancer activity of four of them. The results showed that the six bufogenins and seven Bufotoxins detected in our research represented a promising resource to explore bufogenins/Bufotoxins-based anticancer agents with low cardiotoxic effect. The target cell-based screening method coupled with the compound database of toad venom constructed by UPLC-Qtrap-MS with high sensitivity provide us a new strategy to rapidly screen and identify the potential bioactive constituents with low content in natural products, which was beneficial for drug discovery from other TCMs.
