The Experts below are selected from a list of 1419 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Zelalem Addis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The detection and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Shigella isolates from meat and swab samples at Butchers’ Shops in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia
Elsevier, 2016Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Bidir Zegeye, Zelalem AddisAbstract:Summary: Food borne pathogens are major causes of deaths, illnesses and billions of dollars of expenses. The burden of food borne illness is worsened by the ever increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance microbes. Shigella, a bacterial pathogen associated with food, is reported to account for higher prevalence rates of food borne illness in different settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 10 to June 30, 2013, at the Butcher houses of Gondar town in the Northwest of Ethiopia to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella. Cattle raw meat and swab samples from selected critical control points, including knives, chopping boards, and the hands and noses of Butchers, were collected and analyzed. The identification of Shigella was carried out using colony characteristics, the Gram reaction, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The overall hygienic status of the Butcher Shops was also assessed using a checklist. An observational analysis revealed that the sanitary condition of the Butcher Shops and their premises was poor. Of 306 samples screened, 10.5% were positive for Shigella. Approximately 7.4% of meat samples and 10.2% of swab samples were contaminated with Shigella. Out of the total Shigella isolates, 90.6%, 46.9%, 18.8% and 9.4% were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone and tetracycline, respectively. A multidrug resistance pattern was recorded in 27.8% of the isolates. In conclusion, the safety of meat sold at Gondar Butchers houses was poor. The identified Shigella isolates showed high levels of drug resistance and multidrug resistance patterns for commonly used antimicrobials in veterinary and human medicine. Practicing wise use of antimicrobials and strict sanitary interventions at different critical control points is strongly recommended, in addition to further in-depth studies to prevent unprecedented consequences from shigellosis. Keywords: Shigella, Prevalence, Antimicrobial resistance, Butcher Shops, Gondar town, Ethiopi
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The detection and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Shigella isolates from meat and swab samples at Butchers' Shops in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia.
Journal of infection and public health, 2015Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Bidir Zegeye, Zelalem AddisAbstract:Food borne pathogens are major causes of deaths, illnesses and billions of dollars of expenses. The burden of food borne illness is worsened by the ever increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance microbes. Shigella, a bacterial pathogen associated with food, is reported to account for higher prevalence rates of food borne illness in different settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 10 to June 30, 2013, at the Butcher houses of Gondar town in the Northwest of Ethiopia to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella. Cattle raw meat and swab samples from selected critical control points, including knives, chopping boards, and the hands and noses of Butchers, were collected and analyzed. The identification of Shigella was carried out using colony characteristics, the Gram reaction, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The overall hygienic status of the Butcher Shops was also assessed using a checklist. An observational analysis revealed that the sanitary condition of the Butcher Shops and their premises was poor. Of 306 samples screened, 10.5% were positive for Shigella. Approximately 7.4% of meat samples and 10.2% of swab samples were contaminated with Shigella. Out of the total Shigella isolates, 90.6%, 46.9%, 18.8% and 9.4% were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone and tetracycline, respectively. A multidrug resistance pattern was recorded in 27.8% of the isolates. In conclusion, the safety of meat sold at Gondar Butchers houses was poor. The identified Shigella isolates showed high levels of drug resistance and multidrug resistance patterns for commonly used antimicrobials in veterinary and human medicine. Practicing wise use of antimicrobials and strict sanitary interventions at different critical control points is strongly recommended, in addition to further in-depth studies to prevent unprecedented consequences from shigellosis.
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Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella isolates in association with hygienic status from Butcher Shops in Gondar town, Ethiopia.
Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2015Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Zelalem Addis, Reta Tesfaye, Bidir ZegeyeAbstract:Background Salmonella has been recognized as a major cause of food borne illness associated with meat products worldwide. The wide spread of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella has been a serious global human and animal health problem. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella isolates from Butcher Shops of Gondar town, Ethiopia.
Legesse Garedew - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The detection and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Shigella isolates from meat and swab samples at Butchers’ Shops in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia
Elsevier, 2016Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Bidir Zegeye, Zelalem AddisAbstract:Summary: Food borne pathogens are major causes of deaths, illnesses and billions of dollars of expenses. The burden of food borne illness is worsened by the ever increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance microbes. Shigella, a bacterial pathogen associated with food, is reported to account for higher prevalence rates of food borne illness in different settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 10 to June 30, 2013, at the Butcher houses of Gondar town in the Northwest of Ethiopia to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella. Cattle raw meat and swab samples from selected critical control points, including knives, chopping boards, and the hands and noses of Butchers, were collected and analyzed. The identification of Shigella was carried out using colony characteristics, the Gram reaction, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The overall hygienic status of the Butcher Shops was also assessed using a checklist. An observational analysis revealed that the sanitary condition of the Butcher Shops and their premises was poor. Of 306 samples screened, 10.5% were positive for Shigella. Approximately 7.4% of meat samples and 10.2% of swab samples were contaminated with Shigella. Out of the total Shigella isolates, 90.6%, 46.9%, 18.8% and 9.4% were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone and tetracycline, respectively. A multidrug resistance pattern was recorded in 27.8% of the isolates. In conclusion, the safety of meat sold at Gondar Butchers houses was poor. The identified Shigella isolates showed high levels of drug resistance and multidrug resistance patterns for commonly used antimicrobials in veterinary and human medicine. Practicing wise use of antimicrobials and strict sanitary interventions at different critical control points is strongly recommended, in addition to further in-depth studies to prevent unprecedented consequences from shigellosis. Keywords: Shigella, Prevalence, Antimicrobial resistance, Butcher Shops, Gondar town, Ethiopi
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The detection and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Shigella isolates from meat and swab samples at Butchers' Shops in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia.
Journal of infection and public health, 2015Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Bidir Zegeye, Zelalem AddisAbstract:Food borne pathogens are major causes of deaths, illnesses and billions of dollars of expenses. The burden of food borne illness is worsened by the ever increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance microbes. Shigella, a bacterial pathogen associated with food, is reported to account for higher prevalence rates of food borne illness in different settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 10 to June 30, 2013, at the Butcher houses of Gondar town in the Northwest of Ethiopia to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella. Cattle raw meat and swab samples from selected critical control points, including knives, chopping boards, and the hands and noses of Butchers, were collected and analyzed. The identification of Shigella was carried out using colony characteristics, the Gram reaction, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The overall hygienic status of the Butcher Shops was also assessed using a checklist. An observational analysis revealed that the sanitary condition of the Butcher Shops and their premises was poor. Of 306 samples screened, 10.5% were positive for Shigella. Approximately 7.4% of meat samples and 10.2% of swab samples were contaminated with Shigella. Out of the total Shigella isolates, 90.6%, 46.9%, 18.8% and 9.4% were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone and tetracycline, respectively. A multidrug resistance pattern was recorded in 27.8% of the isolates. In conclusion, the safety of meat sold at Gondar Butchers houses was poor. The identified Shigella isolates showed high levels of drug resistance and multidrug resistance patterns for commonly used antimicrobials in veterinary and human medicine. Practicing wise use of antimicrobials and strict sanitary interventions at different critical control points is strongly recommended, in addition to further in-depth studies to prevent unprecedented consequences from shigellosis.
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Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella isolates in association with hygienic status from Butcher Shops in Gondar town, Ethiopia.
Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2015Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Zelalem Addis, Reta Tesfaye, Bidir ZegeyeAbstract:Background Salmonella has been recognized as a major cause of food borne illness associated with meat products worldwide. The wide spread of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella has been a serious global human and animal health problem. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella isolates from Butcher Shops of Gondar town, Ethiopia.
Bidir Zegeye - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The detection and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Shigella isolates from meat and swab samples at Butchers’ Shops in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia
Elsevier, 2016Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Bidir Zegeye, Zelalem AddisAbstract:Summary: Food borne pathogens are major causes of deaths, illnesses and billions of dollars of expenses. The burden of food borne illness is worsened by the ever increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance microbes. Shigella, a bacterial pathogen associated with food, is reported to account for higher prevalence rates of food borne illness in different settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 10 to June 30, 2013, at the Butcher houses of Gondar town in the Northwest of Ethiopia to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella. Cattle raw meat and swab samples from selected critical control points, including knives, chopping boards, and the hands and noses of Butchers, were collected and analyzed. The identification of Shigella was carried out using colony characteristics, the Gram reaction, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The overall hygienic status of the Butcher Shops was also assessed using a checklist. An observational analysis revealed that the sanitary condition of the Butcher Shops and their premises was poor. Of 306 samples screened, 10.5% were positive for Shigella. Approximately 7.4% of meat samples and 10.2% of swab samples were contaminated with Shigella. Out of the total Shigella isolates, 90.6%, 46.9%, 18.8% and 9.4% were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone and tetracycline, respectively. A multidrug resistance pattern was recorded in 27.8% of the isolates. In conclusion, the safety of meat sold at Gondar Butchers houses was poor. The identified Shigella isolates showed high levels of drug resistance and multidrug resistance patterns for commonly used antimicrobials in veterinary and human medicine. Practicing wise use of antimicrobials and strict sanitary interventions at different critical control points is strongly recommended, in addition to further in-depth studies to prevent unprecedented consequences from shigellosis. Keywords: Shigella, Prevalence, Antimicrobial resistance, Butcher Shops, Gondar town, Ethiopi
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The detection and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Shigella isolates from meat and swab samples at Butchers' Shops in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia.
Journal of infection and public health, 2015Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Bidir Zegeye, Zelalem AddisAbstract:Food borne pathogens are major causes of deaths, illnesses and billions of dollars of expenses. The burden of food borne illness is worsened by the ever increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance microbes. Shigella, a bacterial pathogen associated with food, is reported to account for higher prevalence rates of food borne illness in different settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 10 to June 30, 2013, at the Butcher houses of Gondar town in the Northwest of Ethiopia to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella. Cattle raw meat and swab samples from selected critical control points, including knives, chopping boards, and the hands and noses of Butchers, were collected and analyzed. The identification of Shigella was carried out using colony characteristics, the Gram reaction, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The overall hygienic status of the Butcher Shops was also assessed using a checklist. An observational analysis revealed that the sanitary condition of the Butcher Shops and their premises was poor. Of 306 samples screened, 10.5% were positive for Shigella. Approximately 7.4% of meat samples and 10.2% of swab samples were contaminated with Shigella. Out of the total Shigella isolates, 90.6%, 46.9%, 18.8% and 9.4% were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone and tetracycline, respectively. A multidrug resistance pattern was recorded in 27.8% of the isolates. In conclusion, the safety of meat sold at Gondar Butchers houses was poor. The identified Shigella isolates showed high levels of drug resistance and multidrug resistance patterns for commonly used antimicrobials in veterinary and human medicine. Practicing wise use of antimicrobials and strict sanitary interventions at different critical control points is strongly recommended, in addition to further in-depth studies to prevent unprecedented consequences from shigellosis.
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Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella isolates in association with hygienic status from Butcher Shops in Gondar town, Ethiopia.
Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2015Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Zelalem Addis, Reta Tesfaye, Bidir ZegeyeAbstract:Background Salmonella has been recognized as a major cause of food borne illness associated with meat products worldwide. The wide spread of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella has been a serious global human and animal health problem. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella isolates from Butcher Shops of Gondar town, Ethiopia.
Lucía Galli - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization and subtyping of Listeria monocytogenes strains from Butcher Shops
LWT, 2019Co-Authors: Alejandra Londero, Victoria Brusa, Lucía Galli, Luciano Linares, Magdalena Costa, Monica Prieto, Gerardo Aníbal LeottaAbstract:Abstract We characterized L. monocytogenes strains isolated from ground beef (n = 40) and Butcher shop environmental (n = 99) samples before and after implementing improvement actions. Strains were serotyped and subtyped by enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-polymerase chain reaction (ERIC-PCR) and ApaI-pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to establish their epidemiological relationships, clarify the contamination dynamics and assess the impact of improvement measures. Serotype distribution was as follows: 1/2c (57.6%), 1/2b (18.7%), 4b (12.9%), 1/2a (6.5%) and 4a/4c (4.3%). Thirteen clones were simultaneously isolated in different Butcher Shops; 73.5% of establishments shared the same beef supplier. Cross-contamination was detected in L. monocytogenes-positive samples from 20% of Butcher Shops, mostly at the evaluation stage (91.7%). Up to five strains were isolated from each Butcher shop at the evaluation (37%) and verification (22%) stages. Seven persistent clones were isolated over the three-year study period. Serotypes 4b and 1/2b significantly decreased during the evaluation stage. Although part of the contamination with L. monocytogenes was introduced by the beef supplier, the pathogen spread profusely in Butcher Shops, suggesting the relevance of keeping good hygiene control and management of the environment to prevent the spread of L. monocytogenes in Butcher Shops.
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Characterization and Molecular Subtyping of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli Strains in Butcher Shops.
Foodborne pathogens and disease, 2017Co-Authors: Victoria Brusa, Alejandra Londero, Magdalena Costa, Gerardo Aníbal Leotta, Lucía GalliAbstract:Abstract Shiga toxin–producing Escherichia coli (STEC) are important emerging foodborne human pathogens. Ruminants are the main animal reservoir of STEC currently known, and meat can become contaminated at different stages of the production chain. The aim of this work was to subtype and establish the epidemiological relatedness of non-O157 STEC strains isolated from ground beef and the environment in Butcher Shops before (evaluation stage, 2010–2011 period) and after (verification stage, 2013) implementing improvement actions. Sixty-eight non-O157 STEC strains were tested for eae, saa, ehxA, iha, efa1, toxB, subAB, cdt-V, astA, aggR, and aaiC genes, and stx1 and stx2 variants were determined. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was carried out with XbaI and XmaJI. From the 68 strains, 92.6%, 75.0%, 58.8%, 53.5%, 10.3%, 7.3%, and 4.4% were positive for iha, ehxA, subAB, saa, cdt-V, astA, and eae, respectively. All strains were aggR/aaiC-negative. PFGE showed that 19 strains grouped in 9 clusters and 41...
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Comprehensive Evaluation and Implementation of Improvement Actions in Butcher Shops.
PloS one, 2016Co-Authors: Gerardo Aníbal Leotta, Victoria Brusa, Lucía Galli, Cristian Adriani, Analía Etcheverría, Adriana Sucari, Pilar Peral García, Luciano Héctor Linares, Marcelo E. Sanz, Marcelo SignoriniAbstract:Fil: Leotta, Gerardo Anibal. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico CONICET- La Plata. Instituto de Genetica Veterinaria "Ing. Fernando Noel Dulout". Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Instituto de Genetica Veterinaria; Argentina
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High prevalence of clade 8 Escherichia coli O157:H7 isolated from retail meat and Butcher shop environment.
Infection genetics and evolution : journal of molecular epidemiology and evolutionary genetics in infectious diseases, 2016Co-Authors: Lucía Galli, Victoria Brusa, Pallavi Singh, Angel Cataldi, Shannon D. Manning, Pilar Peral-garcía, Gerardo Aníbal LeottaAbstract:Escherichia coli O157:H7 is an enteric pathogen associated with food safety threats and with significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. In Argentina, post-enteric hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS) is endemic, with >70% of cases associated with E. coli O157 infection. To date the biological basis behind the severity among E. coli O157 infections is unknown. However, single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) typing has helped to define nine E. coli O157:H7 clades, of which clade 8 strains are associated with severe disease cases. The aim of this study was to characterize a collection of 20 STEC O157:H7 strains isolated between 2011 and 2013 from ground beef and different environmental samples from Butcher Shops of Argentina. All strains harbored the eae, ehxA, fliCH7, efa, iha, and toxB genes, with stx2a/stx2c as the predominant genotype (75%). The XbaI-PFGE analysis showed that the E. coli O157 strains had high genetic diversity. Nine strains were grouped in four XbaI-PFGE clusters, whereas 11 strains showed unique XbaI-PFGE patterns. In contrast, the SNP analysis allowed us to separate the strains in two distinct lineages representing clade 8 (70%) and clade 6 (30%). Our results show the molecular characterization of E. coli O157 strains isolated from ground beef and environmental samples from Argentinean Butcher Shops.
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Comprehensive Evaluation and Implementation of Improvement Actions in Butcher Shops
2016Co-Authors: Gerardo A. Leotta, Victoria Brusa, Lucía Galli, Cristian Adriani, Luciano Linares, Analía Etcheverría, Marcelo Sanz, Adriana Sucari, Pilar Peral García, Marcelo SignoriniAbstract:Foodborne pathogens can cause acute and chronic diseases and produce a wide range of symptoms. Since the consumption of ground beef is a risk factor for infections with some bacterial pathogens, we performed a comprehensive evaluation of Butcher Shops, implemented improvement actions for both Butcher Shops and consumers, and verified the impact of those actions implemented. A comprehensive evaluation was made and risk was quantified on a 1–100 scale as high-risk (1–40), moderate-risk (41–70) or low-risk (71–100). A total of 172 raw ground beef and 672 environmental samples were collected from 86 Butcher Shops during the evaluation (2010–2011) and verification (2013) stages of the study. Ground beef samples were analyzed for mesophilic aerobic organisms, Escherichia coli and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus enumeration. Salmonella spp., E. coli O157:H7, non-O157 Shiga toxin-producing E. coli (STEC), and Listeria monocytogenes were detected and isolated from all samples. Risk quantification resulted in 43 (50.0%) high-risk, 34 (39.5%) moderate-risk, and nine (10.5%) low-risk Butcher Shops. Training sessions for 498 handlers and 4,506 consumers were held. Re-evaluation by risk quantification and microbiological analyses resulted in 19 (22.1%) high-risk, 42 (48.8%) moderate-risk and 25 (29.1%) low-risk Butcher Shops. The count of indicator microorganisms decreased with respect to the 2010–2011 period. After the implementation of improvement actions, the presence of L. monocytogenes, E. coli O157:H7 and stx genes in ground beef decreased. Salmonella spp. was isolated from 10 (11.6%) ground beef samples, without detecting statistically significant differences between both study periods (evaluation and verification). The percentage of pathogens in environmental samples was reduced in the verification period (Salmonella spp., 1.5%; L. monocytogenes, 10.7%; E. coli O157:H7, 0.6%; non-O157 STEC, 6.8%). Risk quantification was useful to identify those relevant facts in Butcher Shops. The reduction of contamination in ground beef and the environment was possible after training handlers based on the problems identified in their own Butcher Shops. Our results confirm the feasibility of implementing a comprehensive risk management program in Butcher Shops, and the importance of information campaigns targeting consumers. Further collaborative efforts would be necessary to improve foodstuffs safety at retail level and at home.
Zenabu Hagos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The detection and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Shigella isolates from meat and swab samples at Butchers’ Shops in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia
Elsevier, 2016Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Bidir Zegeye, Zelalem AddisAbstract:Summary: Food borne pathogens are major causes of deaths, illnesses and billions of dollars of expenses. The burden of food borne illness is worsened by the ever increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance microbes. Shigella, a bacterial pathogen associated with food, is reported to account for higher prevalence rates of food borne illness in different settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 10 to June 30, 2013, at the Butcher houses of Gondar town in the Northwest of Ethiopia to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella. Cattle raw meat and swab samples from selected critical control points, including knives, chopping boards, and the hands and noses of Butchers, were collected and analyzed. The identification of Shigella was carried out using colony characteristics, the Gram reaction, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby–Bauer disc diffusion method. The overall hygienic status of the Butcher Shops was also assessed using a checklist. An observational analysis revealed that the sanitary condition of the Butcher Shops and their premises was poor. Of 306 samples screened, 10.5% were positive for Shigella. Approximately 7.4% of meat samples and 10.2% of swab samples were contaminated with Shigella. Out of the total Shigella isolates, 90.6%, 46.9%, 18.8% and 9.4% were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone and tetracycline, respectively. A multidrug resistance pattern was recorded in 27.8% of the isolates. In conclusion, the safety of meat sold at Gondar Butchers houses was poor. The identified Shigella isolates showed high levels of drug resistance and multidrug resistance patterns for commonly used antimicrobials in veterinary and human medicine. Practicing wise use of antimicrobials and strict sanitary interventions at different critical control points is strongly recommended, in addition to further in-depth studies to prevent unprecedented consequences from shigellosis. Keywords: Shigella, Prevalence, Antimicrobial resistance, Butcher Shops, Gondar town, Ethiopi
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The detection and antimicrobial susceptibility profile of Shigella isolates from meat and swab samples at Butchers' Shops in Gondar town, Northwest Ethiopia.
Journal of infection and public health, 2015Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Bidir Zegeye, Zelalem AddisAbstract:Food borne pathogens are major causes of deaths, illnesses and billions of dollars of expenses. The burden of food borne illness is worsened by the ever increasing rate of antimicrobial resistance microbes. Shigella, a bacterial pathogen associated with food, is reported to account for higher prevalence rates of food borne illness in different settings. A cross-sectional study was conducted from February 10 to June 30, 2013, at the Butcher houses of Gondar town in the Northwest of Ethiopia to assess the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Shigella. Cattle raw meat and swab samples from selected critical control points, including knives, chopping boards, and the hands and noses of Butchers, were collected and analyzed. The identification of Shigella was carried out using colony characteristics, the Gram reaction, and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. The overall hygienic status of the Butcher Shops was also assessed using a checklist. An observational analysis revealed that the sanitary condition of the Butcher Shops and their premises was poor. Of 306 samples screened, 10.5% were positive for Shigella. Approximately 7.4% of meat samples and 10.2% of swab samples were contaminated with Shigella. Out of the total Shigella isolates, 90.6%, 46.9%, 18.8% and 9.4% were resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone and tetracycline, respectively. A multidrug resistance pattern was recorded in 27.8% of the isolates. In conclusion, the safety of meat sold at Gondar Butchers houses was poor. The identified Shigella isolates showed high levels of drug resistance and multidrug resistance patterns for commonly used antimicrobials in veterinary and human medicine. Practicing wise use of antimicrobials and strict sanitary interventions at different critical control points is strongly recommended, in addition to further in-depth studies to prevent unprecedented consequences from shigellosis.
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Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns of Salmonella isolates in association with hygienic status from Butcher Shops in Gondar town, Ethiopia.
Antimicrobial resistance and infection control, 2015Co-Authors: Legesse Garedew, Zenabu Hagos, Zelalem Addis, Reta Tesfaye, Bidir ZegeyeAbstract:Background Salmonella has been recognized as a major cause of food borne illness associated with meat products worldwide. The wide spread of antimicrobial-resistant Salmonella has been a serious global human and animal health problem. The aims of this study were to estimate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Salmonella isolates from Butcher Shops of Gondar town, Ethiopia.
