The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jo Shu Chang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a highly efficient two stage cultivation strategy for lutein production using heterotrophic culture of chlorella sorokiniana mb 1 m12
Bioresource Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Chun Yen Chen, Duu-jong Lee, Dillirani Nagarajan, Chien Hsiang Chang, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Abstract A heterotrophic mutant of Chlorella sorokiniana MB-1-M12 was evaluated for its ability to produce lutein using organic carbon and nitrogen sources and without light irradiation. In batch fermentation, the maximal lutein content (3.67 mg lutein/g biomass) and productivity (2.84 mg/L/d) could be obtained when cultivated in BG-11 medium with 7.5 g/L glucose, 0.75 g/L urea, pH 7.5 and a C/N ratio of 10. A novel two-stage cultivation strategy that integrates fed-batch and semi-batch operations was applied to enhance the lutein production performance. When growing MB-1-M12 strain in a 5L fermenter using the optimal operation strategies, the maximum biomass concentration, biomass productivity, lutein content and lutein productivity could reach 25 g/L, 4.88 mg/L/d, 5.88 mg/g and 16.2 mg/L/d, respectively. This high lutein productivity could significantly reduce the cultivation time and the associated costs, indicating the potential of using MB-1-M12 strain for heterotrophic lutein production in commercial scale.
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lutein production from biomass marigold flowers versus microalgae
Bioresource Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Jian Hao Lin, Duu-jong Lee, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Microalgae have faster growth rates and more free lutein than marigold flowers, the current source of lutein. However, no commercial lutein production uses microalgae. This review compares lutein content, cultivation, harvesting, cell disruption, and extraction stages of lutein production using marigold flowers and those using microalgae as feedstock. The lutein production rate of microalgae is 3-6 times higher than that of marigold flowers. To produce 1 kg of pure lutein, marigolds need more land and water, but require less nutrients (N, P, K) and less energy than microalgae. Since lutein is tightly bound in microalgae and microalgae are small, cell disruption and subsequent extraction stages consume a considerable amount of energy. Research and development of affordable lutein production from microalgae are discussed.
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Lutein in specific marigold flowers and microalgae
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2015Co-Authors: Jian Hao Lin, Duu-jong Lee, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Abstract Lutein is currently produced from marigold flowers. Microalgae can grow fast with high fixation rate of CO2, which have been proposed an alternative lutein source. This communication determined the contents of free lutein and lutein ester of two marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta and Tagetes patula) and two microalgae samples (Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus) using the same lutein extraction and identification protocol. The tested T. erecta has low lutein content. The T. patula has high content of lutein ester. Conversely, the tested C. pyrenoidosa and S. obliquus exhibit high contents of free lutein and chlorophyll and minimal quantity of lutein ester. Microalgae can be used instead of marigold flowers for lutein production if rapid production of free lutein products is required.
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enhancing lutein productivity of an indigenous microalga scenedesmus obliquus fsp 3 using light related strategies
Bioresource Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Ming Chang Chan, Duu-jong Lee, Chun Yen Chen, Chen Chun Liu, Wen Lung Lee, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Lutein, one of the main photosynthetic pigments, is a promising natural product with both nutritional and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, light-related strategies were applied to enhance the cell growth and lutein production of a lutein-rich microalga Scenedesmus obliquus FSP-3. The results demonstrate that using white LED resulted in better lutein production efficiency when compared to the other three monochromatic LEDs (red, blue, and green). The lutein productivity of S. obliquus FSP-3 was further improved by adjusting the type of light source and light intensity. The optimal lutein productivity of 4.08 mg/L/d was obtained when using a TL5 fluorescent lamp at a light intensity of 300 μmol/m(2)/s, and this performance is better than that reported in most related studies. Moreover, the time-course profile of lutein accumulation in the microalga shows that the maximal lutein content and productivity were obtained at the onset of nitrogen depletion.
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characterization extraction and purification of lutein produced by an indigenous microalga scenedesmus obliquus cnw n
Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Ming Chang Chan, Duu-jong Lee, Chun Yen Chen, Chiehchen Huang, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Abstract This study aimed to improve the commercial viability of microalgae-based lutein production using an isolated microalga Scenedesmus obliquus CNW-N possessing a high lutein content of over 0.25%. Effective lutein extraction protocols, appropriate storage methods, and purification procedures were developed. Disruption of microalgae cells was most efficient with a bead-beater. The conventional saponification step was modified to reduce the overall extraction time by 24 h. Diethyl ether exhibited the best lutein extraction efficiency. Storage of the lutein extract at low temperature (4 or −20 °C) with antioxidant addition (around 0.01% BHT) can maintain 90% lutein stability after 80 days. Addition of a suitable amount of the antioxidant could promote the stability of lutein extracts under the exposure of light. The protocol developed in this work allows efficient lutein extraction from S. obliquus CNW-N at a lower cost. Further purification was employed to elevate the purity of lutein and its commercial value.
Bharat B Aggarwal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Butein suppresses constitutive and inducible signal transducer and activator of transcription stat 3 activation and stat3 regulated gene products through the induction of a protein tyrosine phosphatase shp 1
Molecular Pharmacology, 2009Co-Authors: Manoj K Pandey, Bokyung Sung, Bharat B AggarwalAbstract:The aim of the current study is to determine whether Butein (3,4,2′,4′-tetrahydroxychalcone) exhibits antiproliferative effects against tumor cells through suppression of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation pathway. We investigated the effects of Butein on constitutive and inducible STAT3 activation, role of tyrosine kinases and phosphatases in STAT3 activation, STAT3-regulated gene products, and growth modulation of tumor cells. We found that this chalcone inhibited both constitutive and interleukin-6-inducible STAT3 activation in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. The suppression was mediated through the inhibition of activation of the upstream kinases c-Src, Janus-like kinase (JAK) 1, and JAK2. Vanadate treatment reversed the Butein-induced down-regulation of STAT3 activation, suggesting the involvement of a tyrosine phosphatase. Indeed, we found that Butein induced the expression of the tyrosine phosphatase SHP-1 and deletion of SHP-1 gene by small interfering RNA abolished the ability of Butein to inhibit STAT3 activation, suggesting the critical role of SHP-1 in the action of this chalcone. Butein down-regulated the expression of STAT3-regulated gene products such as Bcl-xL, Bcl-2, cyclin D1, and Mcl-1, and this led to the suppression of proliferation and induction of apoptosis. Consistent with these results, overexpression of constitutive active STAT3 significantly reduced the Butein-induced apoptosis. Moreover, we found that Butein significantly potentiated the apoptotic effects of thalidomide and Velcade in MM cells. Overall, these results suggest that Butein is a novel blocker of STAT3 activation and thus may have potential in suppression of tumor cell proliferation and reversal of chemoresistance in MM cells.
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Butein Suppresses Constitutive and Inducible Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) 3 Activation and STAT3-Regulated Gene Products through the Induction of a Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase SHP-1□S
2008Co-Authors: Manoj K. P, Bokyung Sung, Kwang Seok Ahn, Bharat B AggarwalAbstract:The aim of the current study is to determine whether Butein (3,4,2,4-tetrahydroxychalcone) exhibits antiproliferative effects against tumor cells through suppression of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) activation pathway. We investigated the effects of Butein on constitutive and inducible STAT3 activation, role of tyrosine kinases and phosphatases in STAT3 activation, STAT3-regulated gene products, and growth modulation of tumor cells. We found that this chalcone inhibited both constitutive and interleukin-6-inducible STAT3 activation in multiple myeloma (MM) cells. The suppression was mediated through the inhibition of activation of the upstream kinases c-Src, Janus-like kinase (JAK) 1, and JAK2. Vanadate treatment reversed the Butein-induced down-regulation of STAT3 activation, suggest-ing the involvement of a tyrosine phosphatase. Indeed, we foun
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Butein a tetrahydroxychalcone inhibits nuclear factor nf κb and nf κb regulated gene expression through direct inhibition of iκbα kinase β on cysteine 179 residue
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2007Co-Authors: Manoj K Pandey, Bokyung Sung, Santosh K Sandur, Gautam Sethi, Ajaikumar B Kunnumakkara, Bharat B AggarwalAbstract:Although Butein (3,4,2′,4′-tetrahydroxychalcone) is known to exhibit anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, and anti-fibrogenic activities, very little is known about its mechanism of action. Because numerous effects modulated by Butein can be linked to interference with the NF-κB pathway, we investigated in detail the effect of this chalcone on NF-κB activity. As examined by DNA binding, we found that Butein suppressed tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-induced NF-κB activation in a dose- and time-dependent manner; suppressed the NF-κB activation induced by various inflammatory agents and carcinogens; and inhibited the NF-κB reporter activity induced by TNFR1, TRADD, TRAF2, NIK, TAK1/TAB1, and IKK-β. We also found that Butein blocked the phosphorylation and degradation of IκBα by inhibiting IκBα kinase (IKK) activation. We found the inactivation of IKK by Butein was direct and involved cysteine residue 179. This correlated with the suppression of phosphorylation and the nuclear translocation of p65. In this study, Butein also inhibited the expression of the NF-κB-regulated gene products involved in anti-apoptosis (IAP2, Bcl-2, and Bcl-xL), proliferation (cyclin D1 and c-Myc), and invasion (COX-2 and MMP-9). Suppression of these gene products correlated with enhancement of the apoptosis induced by TNF and chemotherapeutic agents; and inhibition of cytokine-induced cellular invasion. Overall, our results indicated that antitumor and anti-inflammatory activities previously assigned to Butein may be mediated in part through the direct inhibition of IKK, leading to the suppression of the NF-κB activation pathway.
Guillaume Chorn - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the chalcone Butein from rhus verniciflua stokes inhibits clonogenic growth of human breast cancer cells co cultured with fibroblasts
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Michael Samoszuk, Jenny Tan, Guillaume ChornAbstract:Background Butein (3,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalone), a plant polyphenol, is a major biologically active component of the stems of Rhus verniciflua Stokes. It has long been used as a food additive in Korea and as an herbal medicine throughout Asia. Recently, Butein has been shown to suppress the functions of fibroblasts. Because fibroblasts are believed to play an important role in promoting the growth of breast cancer cells, we investigated the ability of Butein to inhibit the clonogenic growth of small numbers of breast cancer cells co-cultured with fibroblasts in vitro.
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the chalcone Butein from rhus verniciflua stokes inhibits clonogenic growth of human breast cancer cells co cultured with fibroblasts
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Michael Samoszuk, Jenny Tan, Guillaume ChornAbstract:Butein (3,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalone), a plant polyphenol, is a major biologically active component of the stems of Rhus verniciflua Stokes. It has long been used as a food additive in Korea and as an herbal medicine throughout Asia. Recently, Butein has been shown to suppress the functions of fibroblasts. Because fibroblasts are believed to play an important role in promoting the growth of breast cancer cells, we investigated the ability of Butein to inhibit the clonogenic growth of small numbers of breast cancer cells co-cultured with fibroblasts in vitro. We first measured the clonogenic growth of small numbers of the UACC-812 human breast cancer cell line co-cultured on monolayers of serum-activated, human fibroblasts in the presence of Butein (2 μg/mL) or various other modulators of fibroblast function (troglitazone-1 μg/mL; GW9662-1 μM; meloxican-1 μM; and 3,4 dehydroproline-10 μg/mL). In a subsequent experiment, we measured the dose-response effect on the clonogenic growth of UACC-812 breast cancer cells by pre-incubating the fibroblasts with varying concentrations of Butein (10 μg/ml-1.25 μg/mL). Finally, we measured the clonogenic growth of primary breast cancer cells obtained from 5 clinical specimens with normal fibroblasts and with fibroblasts that had been pre-treated with a fixed dose of Butein (2.5 μg/mL). Of the five modulators of fibroblast function that we tested, Butein was by far the most potent inhibitor of clonogenic growth of UACC-812 breast cancer cells co-cultured with fibroblasts. Pre-treatment of fibroblasts with concentrations of Butein as low as 2.5 μg/mL nearly abolished subsequent clonogenic growth of UACC-812 breast cancer cells co-cultured with the fibroblasts. A similar dose of Butein had no effect on the clonogenic growth of breast cancer cells cultured in the absence of fibroblasts. Significantly, clonogenic growth of the primary breast cancer cells was also significantly reduced or abolished when the tumor cells were co-cultured with fibroblasts that had been pre-treated with a fixed dose of Butein. We conclude that fibroblasts pre-treated with non-toxic doses of Butein (a natural herbal compound) no longer support the clonogenic growth of small numbers of primary breast cancer cells seeded into co-cultures. These results suggest that interference with the interaction between fibroblasts and breast cancer cells by the natural herbal compound, Butein, should be further investigated as a novel experimental approach for possibly suppressing the growth of micrometastases of breast cancer.
Duu-jong Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a highly efficient two stage cultivation strategy for lutein production using heterotrophic culture of chlorella sorokiniana mb 1 m12
Bioresource Technology, 2018Co-Authors: Chun Yen Chen, Duu-jong Lee, Dillirani Nagarajan, Chien Hsiang Chang, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Abstract A heterotrophic mutant of Chlorella sorokiniana MB-1-M12 was evaluated for its ability to produce lutein using organic carbon and nitrogen sources and without light irradiation. In batch fermentation, the maximal lutein content (3.67 mg lutein/g biomass) and productivity (2.84 mg/L/d) could be obtained when cultivated in BG-11 medium with 7.5 g/L glucose, 0.75 g/L urea, pH 7.5 and a C/N ratio of 10. A novel two-stage cultivation strategy that integrates fed-batch and semi-batch operations was applied to enhance the lutein production performance. When growing MB-1-M12 strain in a 5L fermenter using the optimal operation strategies, the maximum biomass concentration, biomass productivity, lutein content and lutein productivity could reach 25 g/L, 4.88 mg/L/d, 5.88 mg/g and 16.2 mg/L/d, respectively. This high lutein productivity could significantly reduce the cultivation time and the associated costs, indicating the potential of using MB-1-M12 strain for heterotrophic lutein production in commercial scale.
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lutein production from biomass marigold flowers versus microalgae
Bioresource Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Jian Hao Lin, Duu-jong Lee, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Microalgae have faster growth rates and more free lutein than marigold flowers, the current source of lutein. However, no commercial lutein production uses microalgae. This review compares lutein content, cultivation, harvesting, cell disruption, and extraction stages of lutein production using marigold flowers and those using microalgae as feedstock. The lutein production rate of microalgae is 3-6 times higher than that of marigold flowers. To produce 1 kg of pure lutein, marigolds need more land and water, but require less nutrients (N, P, K) and less energy than microalgae. Since lutein is tightly bound in microalgae and microalgae are small, cell disruption and subsequent extraction stages consume a considerable amount of energy. Research and development of affordable lutein production from microalgae are discussed.
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Lutein in specific marigold flowers and microalgae
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, 2015Co-Authors: Jian Hao Lin, Duu-jong Lee, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Abstract Lutein is currently produced from marigold flowers. Microalgae can grow fast with high fixation rate of CO2, which have been proposed an alternative lutein source. This communication determined the contents of free lutein and lutein ester of two marigold flowers (Tagetes erecta and Tagetes patula) and two microalgae samples (Chlorella pyrenoidosa and Scenedesmus obliquus) using the same lutein extraction and identification protocol. The tested T. erecta has low lutein content. The T. patula has high content of lutein ester. Conversely, the tested C. pyrenoidosa and S. obliquus exhibit high contents of free lutein and chlorophyll and minimal quantity of lutein ester. Microalgae can be used instead of marigold flowers for lutein production if rapid production of free lutein products is required.
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enhancing lutein productivity of an indigenous microalga scenedesmus obliquus fsp 3 using light related strategies
Bioresource Technology, 2014Co-Authors: Ming Chang Chan, Duu-jong Lee, Chun Yen Chen, Chen Chun Liu, Wen Lung Lee, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Lutein, one of the main photosynthetic pigments, is a promising natural product with both nutritional and pharmaceutical applications. In this study, light-related strategies were applied to enhance the cell growth and lutein production of a lutein-rich microalga Scenedesmus obliquus FSP-3. The results demonstrate that using white LED resulted in better lutein production efficiency when compared to the other three monochromatic LEDs (red, blue, and green). The lutein productivity of S. obliquus FSP-3 was further improved by adjusting the type of light source and light intensity. The optimal lutein productivity of 4.08 mg/L/d was obtained when using a TL5 fluorescent lamp at a light intensity of 300 μmol/m(2)/s, and this performance is better than that reported in most related studies. Moreover, the time-course profile of lutein accumulation in the microalga shows that the maximal lutein content and productivity were obtained at the onset of nitrogen depletion.
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characterization extraction and purification of lutein produced by an indigenous microalga scenedesmus obliquus cnw n
Biochemical Engineering Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Ming Chang Chan, Duu-jong Lee, Chun Yen Chen, Chiehchen Huang, Jo Shu ChangAbstract:Abstract This study aimed to improve the commercial viability of microalgae-based lutein production using an isolated microalga Scenedesmus obliquus CNW-N possessing a high lutein content of over 0.25%. Effective lutein extraction protocols, appropriate storage methods, and purification procedures were developed. Disruption of microalgae cells was most efficient with a bead-beater. The conventional saponification step was modified to reduce the overall extraction time by 24 h. Diethyl ether exhibited the best lutein extraction efficiency. Storage of the lutein extract at low temperature (4 or −20 °C) with antioxidant addition (around 0.01% BHT) can maintain 90% lutein stability after 80 days. Addition of a suitable amount of the antioxidant could promote the stability of lutein extracts under the exposure of light. The protocol developed in this work allows efficient lutein extraction from S. obliquus CNW-N at a lower cost. Further purification was employed to elevate the purity of lutein and its commercial value.
Michael Samoszuk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the chalcone Butein from rhus verniciflua stokes inhibits clonogenic growth of human breast cancer cells co cultured with fibroblasts
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Michael Samoszuk, Jenny Tan, Guillaume ChornAbstract:Background Butein (3,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalone), a plant polyphenol, is a major biologically active component of the stems of Rhus verniciflua Stokes. It has long been used as a food additive in Korea and as an herbal medicine throughout Asia. Recently, Butein has been shown to suppress the functions of fibroblasts. Because fibroblasts are believed to play an important role in promoting the growth of breast cancer cells, we investigated the ability of Butein to inhibit the clonogenic growth of small numbers of breast cancer cells co-cultured with fibroblasts in vitro.
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the chalcone Butein from rhus verniciflua stokes inhibits clonogenic growth of human breast cancer cells co cultured with fibroblasts
BMC Complementary and Alternative Medicine, 2005Co-Authors: Michael Samoszuk, Jenny Tan, Guillaume ChornAbstract:Butein (3,4,2',4'-tetrahydroxychalone), a plant polyphenol, is a major biologically active component of the stems of Rhus verniciflua Stokes. It has long been used as a food additive in Korea and as an herbal medicine throughout Asia. Recently, Butein has been shown to suppress the functions of fibroblasts. Because fibroblasts are believed to play an important role in promoting the growth of breast cancer cells, we investigated the ability of Butein to inhibit the clonogenic growth of small numbers of breast cancer cells co-cultured with fibroblasts in vitro. We first measured the clonogenic growth of small numbers of the UACC-812 human breast cancer cell line co-cultured on monolayers of serum-activated, human fibroblasts in the presence of Butein (2 μg/mL) or various other modulators of fibroblast function (troglitazone-1 μg/mL; GW9662-1 μM; meloxican-1 μM; and 3,4 dehydroproline-10 μg/mL). In a subsequent experiment, we measured the dose-response effect on the clonogenic growth of UACC-812 breast cancer cells by pre-incubating the fibroblasts with varying concentrations of Butein (10 μg/ml-1.25 μg/mL). Finally, we measured the clonogenic growth of primary breast cancer cells obtained from 5 clinical specimens with normal fibroblasts and with fibroblasts that had been pre-treated with a fixed dose of Butein (2.5 μg/mL). Of the five modulators of fibroblast function that we tested, Butein was by far the most potent inhibitor of clonogenic growth of UACC-812 breast cancer cells co-cultured with fibroblasts. Pre-treatment of fibroblasts with concentrations of Butein as low as 2.5 μg/mL nearly abolished subsequent clonogenic growth of UACC-812 breast cancer cells co-cultured with the fibroblasts. A similar dose of Butein had no effect on the clonogenic growth of breast cancer cells cultured in the absence of fibroblasts. Significantly, clonogenic growth of the primary breast cancer cells was also significantly reduced or abolished when the tumor cells were co-cultured with fibroblasts that had been pre-treated with a fixed dose of Butein. We conclude that fibroblasts pre-treated with non-toxic doses of Butein (a natural herbal compound) no longer support the clonogenic growth of small numbers of primary breast cancer cells seeded into co-cultures. These results suggest that interference with the interaction between fibroblasts and breast cancer cells by the natural herbal compound, Butein, should be further investigated as a novel experimental approach for possibly suppressing the growth of micrometastases of breast cancer.
