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Edi Sigit Sutarta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • karakteristik tanah dan perbandingan produksi kelapa sawit elaeis guineensis jaCq dengan metode tanam lubang besar dan parit drainase 2 1 pada lahan spodosol di kabupaten barito timur propinsi kalimantan tengah indonesia
    Jurnal Pertanian Tropik, 2015
    Co-Authors: Surianto Surianto, Abdul Rauf, T Sabrina, Edi Sigit Sutarta
    Abstract:

    Spodosol soil of TypiC PlaCorthod sub-group of East Barito DistriCt is one of the problem soils with the presenCe of hardpan layer, low fertility, low water holding CapaCity, aCid reaCtion and it is not suitable for oil palm Cultivation without any properly speCifiC management of land preparation and implemented best agronomiC praCtiCes. A study was Carried out to evaluate the soil CharaCteristiC of big hole (A profile) and non big hole (B profile) system and Comparative oil palm produCtivity among two planting systems. This study was ConduCted in Spodosol soil at oil palm plantation (Coordinate X = 0281843 and Y = 9764116), East Barito DistriCt, Central Kalimantan ProvinCe on February 2014, by surveying of plaCiC and ortstein depth and observing soil texture and ChemiCal properties of 2 (two) oil palm's soil profiles that have been planted in five years. Big hole system of CommerCial oil palm field planting on Spodosol soil area was designed for the speCifiC purpose of minimizing potential of negative effeCt of shallow effeCtive planting depth for oil palms growing due to hardpan layer (plaCiC and ortstein) presenCe as deep as 0.25 - 0.50 m. The big hole system is a planting hole type whiCh was vertiCal-sided with 2.00 m x 1.50 m on top and bottom side and 3.00 m depth meanwhile the 2:1 drain was vertiCal-sided also with 1.50 m depth and 300 m length. Oil palm produCtion was reCorded from year of 2012 up to 2014. Results indiCated that the fraCtions both big hole profile (A profile) and non big hole profile (B profile) were dominated by sands ranged from 60% to 92% and the highest sands Content of non big hole soil profile were found in A and E Horizons (92%). Better distribution of sand and Clay fraCtions Content in between layers of big hole soil profiles of A profile sample is more uniform Compared to B profile sample. The meChaniCal holing and material mixing of soil materials of A soil profile among the upper and lower Horizons i.e. A, E, B and C Horizons before planting that resulted a better distribution of both soil texture (sands and Clay) and ChemiCal properties suCh as aCidity value (pH), C-organiC, N, C/N ratio, CEC, P-available and ExChangeable Bases. Investigation showed that exChangeable Cations (Ca, Mg, K), were very low in soil layers (A profile) and Horizons (B profile) investigated. The low exChangeable Cations due to highly leaChed of bases to the lower layers and Horizons. Besides, the palm whiCh was planted on the big hole system showed good adaptation and responsed positively by growing well of tertiary and quaternary roots that the roots were penetrable in to deeper rooting zone as muCh as >1.00 m depth. The roots Can grow well and penetrate muCh deeper in A profile Compared to undisturbed hard pan layer (B profile). The FFB (fresh fruit bunChes) produCtion of non big hole bloCk was higher than big hole bloCk for the first three years of produCtion. This might be due to the high variation of monthly rainfall in between years of observation from 2009 to 2014. Therefore, the hardness of plaCiC and ortstein as unpenetrable agents by rootsJurnal Pertanian Tropik ISSN Online No : 2356-4725Vol.2, No.2. Agustus 2015. (19) : 148- 158149and water to prevent water loss and retain the water in the rhizosphere espeCially in the drier weather. In the high rainfall Condition, the 2:1 drain to prevent water saturation in the oil palm rhizosphere by moving some water in to the drain. Meanwhile the disturbed soil horizon (big hole area) was drier than undisturbanCe immediately due to water removal to deeper layers. We ConCluded that both big hole and 2:1 drain are suitable teChnology for Spodosol soil land espeCially in preparing of palms planting to minimize negative effeCt of hardpan layer for oil palm growth.Key words : Spodosol, TypiC PlaCorthod, big hole, drain, fresh fruit bunChes, hardpan, plaCiC, ortstein

Sutarta E. S. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Karakteristik Tanah Dan Perbandingan Produksi Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis JaCq.) Dengan Metode Tanam Lubang Besar Dan Parit Drainase 2:1 Pada Lahan Spodosol Di Kabupaten Barito Timur Propinsi Kalimantan Tengah - Indonesia
    University of North Sumatra, 2015
    Co-Authors: Surianto S., Rauf A., Sabrina T., Sutarta E. S.
    Abstract:

    Spodosol soil of TypiC PlaCorthod sub-group of East Barito DistriCt is one of the problem soils with the presenCe of hardpan layer, low fertility, low water holding CapaCity, aCid reaCtion and it is not suitable for oil palm Cultivation without any properly speCifiC management of land preparation and implemented best agronomiC praCtiCes. A study was Carried out to evaluate the soil CharaCteristiC of big hole (A profile) and non big hole (B profile) system and Comparative oil palm produCtivity among two planting systems. This study was ConduCted in Spodosol soil at oil palm plantation (Coordinate X = 0281843 and Y = 9764116), East Barito DistriCt, Central Kalimantan ProvinCe on February 2014, by surveying of plaCiC and ortstein depth and observing soil texture and ChemiCal properties of 2 (two) oil palm\u27s soil profiles that have been planted in five years. Big hole system of CommerCial oil palm field planting on Spodosol soil area was designed for the speCifiC purpose of minimizing potential of negative effeCt of shallow effeCtive planting depth for oil palms growing due to hardpan layer (plaCiC and ortstein) presenCe as deep as 0.25 - 0.50 m. The big hole system is a planting hole type whiCh was vertiCal-sided with 2.00 m x 1.50 m on top and bottom side and 3.00 m depth meanwhile the 2:1 drain was vertiCal-sided also with 1.50 m depth and 300 m length. Oil palm produCtion was reCorded from year of 2012 up to 2014. Results indiCated that the fraCtions both big hole profile (A profile) and non big hole profile (B profile) were dominated by sands ranged from 60% to 92% and the highest sands Content of non big hole soil profile were found in A and E Horizons (92%). Better distribution of sand and Clay fraCtions Content in between layers of big hole soil profiles of A profile sample is more uniform Compared to B profile sample. The meChaniCal holing and material mixing of soil materials of A soil profile among the upper and lower Horizons i.e. A, E, B and C Horizons before planting that resulted a better distribution of both soil texture (sands and Clay) and ChemiCal properties suCh as aCidity value (pH), C-organiC, N, C/N ratio, CEC, P-available and ExChangeable Bases. Investigation showed that exChangeable Cations (Ca, Mg, K), were very low in soil layers (A profile) and Horizons (B profile) investigated. The low exChangeable Cations due to highly leaChed of bases to the lower layers and Horizons. Besides, the palm whiCh was planted on the big hole system showed good adaptation and responsed positively by growing well of tertiary and quaternary roots that the roots were penetrable in to deeper rooting zone as muCh as >1.00 m depth. The roots Can grow well and penetrate muCh deeper in A profile Compared to undisturbed hard pan layer (B profile). The FFB (fresh fruit bunChes) produCtion of non big hole bloCk was higher than big hole bloCk for the first three years of produCtion. This might be due to the high variation of monthly rainfall in between years of observation from 2009 to 2014. Therefore, the hardness of plaCiC and ortstein as unpenetrable agents by rootsJurnal Pertanian Tropik ISSN Online No : 2356-4725Vol.2, No.2. Agustus 2015. (19) : 148- 158149and water to prevent water loss and retain the water in the rhizosphere espeCially in the drier weather. In the high rainfall Condition, the 2:1 drain to prevent water saturation in the oil palm rhizosphere by moving some water in to the drain. Meanwhile the disturbed soil horizon (big hole area) was drier than undisturbanCe immediately due to water removal to deeper layers. We ConCluded that both big hole and 2:1 drain are suitable teChnology for Spodosol soil land espeCially in preparing of palms planting to minimize negative effeCt of hardpan layer for oil palm growth

Surianto Surianto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • karakteristik tanah dan perbandingan produksi kelapa sawit elaeis guineensis jaCq dengan metode tanam lubang besar dan parit drainase 2 1 pada lahan spodosol di kabupaten barito timur propinsi kalimantan tengah indonesia
    Jurnal Pertanian Tropik, 2015
    Co-Authors: Surianto Surianto, Abdul Rauf, T Sabrina, Edi Sigit Sutarta
    Abstract:

    Spodosol soil of TypiC PlaCorthod sub-group of East Barito DistriCt is one of the problem soils with the presenCe of hardpan layer, low fertility, low water holding CapaCity, aCid reaCtion and it is not suitable for oil palm Cultivation without any properly speCifiC management of land preparation and implemented best agronomiC praCtiCes. A study was Carried out to evaluate the soil CharaCteristiC of big hole (A profile) and non big hole (B profile) system and Comparative oil palm produCtivity among two planting systems. This study was ConduCted in Spodosol soil at oil palm plantation (Coordinate X = 0281843 and Y = 9764116), East Barito DistriCt, Central Kalimantan ProvinCe on February 2014, by surveying of plaCiC and ortstein depth and observing soil texture and ChemiCal properties of 2 (two) oil palm's soil profiles that have been planted in five years. Big hole system of CommerCial oil palm field planting on Spodosol soil area was designed for the speCifiC purpose of minimizing potential of negative effeCt of shallow effeCtive planting depth for oil palms growing due to hardpan layer (plaCiC and ortstein) presenCe as deep as 0.25 - 0.50 m. The big hole system is a planting hole type whiCh was vertiCal-sided with 2.00 m x 1.50 m on top and bottom side and 3.00 m depth meanwhile the 2:1 drain was vertiCal-sided also with 1.50 m depth and 300 m length. Oil palm produCtion was reCorded from year of 2012 up to 2014. Results indiCated that the fraCtions both big hole profile (A profile) and non big hole profile (B profile) were dominated by sands ranged from 60% to 92% and the highest sands Content of non big hole soil profile were found in A and E Horizons (92%). Better distribution of sand and Clay fraCtions Content in between layers of big hole soil profiles of A profile sample is more uniform Compared to B profile sample. The meChaniCal holing and material mixing of soil materials of A soil profile among the upper and lower Horizons i.e. A, E, B and C Horizons before planting that resulted a better distribution of both soil texture (sands and Clay) and ChemiCal properties suCh as aCidity value (pH), C-organiC, N, C/N ratio, CEC, P-available and ExChangeable Bases. Investigation showed that exChangeable Cations (Ca, Mg, K), were very low in soil layers (A profile) and Horizons (B profile) investigated. The low exChangeable Cations due to highly leaChed of bases to the lower layers and Horizons. Besides, the palm whiCh was planted on the big hole system showed good adaptation and responsed positively by growing well of tertiary and quaternary roots that the roots were penetrable in to deeper rooting zone as muCh as >1.00 m depth. The roots Can grow well and penetrate muCh deeper in A profile Compared to undisturbed hard pan layer (B profile). The FFB (fresh fruit bunChes) produCtion of non big hole bloCk was higher than big hole bloCk for the first three years of produCtion. This might be due to the high variation of monthly rainfall in between years of observation from 2009 to 2014. Therefore, the hardness of plaCiC and ortstein as unpenetrable agents by rootsJurnal Pertanian Tropik ISSN Online No : 2356-4725Vol.2, No.2. Agustus 2015. (19) : 148- 158149and water to prevent water loss and retain the water in the rhizosphere espeCially in the drier weather. In the high rainfall Condition, the 2:1 drain to prevent water saturation in the oil palm rhizosphere by moving some water in to the drain. Meanwhile the disturbed soil horizon (big hole area) was drier than undisturbanCe immediately due to water removal to deeper layers. We ConCluded that both big hole and 2:1 drain are suitable teChnology for Spodosol soil land espeCially in preparing of palms planting to minimize negative effeCt of hardpan layer for oil palm growth.Key words : Spodosol, TypiC PlaCorthod, big hole, drain, fresh fruit bunChes, hardpan, plaCiC, ortstein

Surianto S. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Karakteristik Tanah Dan Perbandingan Produksi Kelapa Sawit (Elaeis Guineensis JaCq.) Dengan Metode Tanam Lubang Besar Dan Parit Drainase 2:1 Pada Lahan Spodosol Di Kabupaten Barito Timur Propinsi Kalimantan Tengah - Indonesia
    University of North Sumatra, 2015
    Co-Authors: Surianto S., Rauf A., Sabrina T., Sutarta E. S.
    Abstract:

    Spodosol soil of TypiC PlaCorthod sub-group of East Barito DistriCt is one of the problem soils with the presenCe of hardpan layer, low fertility, low water holding CapaCity, aCid reaCtion and it is not suitable for oil palm Cultivation without any properly speCifiC management of land preparation and implemented best agronomiC praCtiCes. A study was Carried out to evaluate the soil CharaCteristiC of big hole (A profile) and non big hole (B profile) system and Comparative oil palm produCtivity among two planting systems. This study was ConduCted in Spodosol soil at oil palm plantation (Coordinate X = 0281843 and Y = 9764116), East Barito DistriCt, Central Kalimantan ProvinCe on February 2014, by surveying of plaCiC and ortstein depth and observing soil texture and ChemiCal properties of 2 (two) oil palm\u27s soil profiles that have been planted in five years. Big hole system of CommerCial oil palm field planting on Spodosol soil area was designed for the speCifiC purpose of minimizing potential of negative effeCt of shallow effeCtive planting depth for oil palms growing due to hardpan layer (plaCiC and ortstein) presenCe as deep as 0.25 - 0.50 m. The big hole system is a planting hole type whiCh was vertiCal-sided with 2.00 m x 1.50 m on top and bottom side and 3.00 m depth meanwhile the 2:1 drain was vertiCal-sided also with 1.50 m depth and 300 m length. Oil palm produCtion was reCorded from year of 2012 up to 2014. Results indiCated that the fraCtions both big hole profile (A profile) and non big hole profile (B profile) were dominated by sands ranged from 60% to 92% and the highest sands Content of non big hole soil profile were found in A and E Horizons (92%). Better distribution of sand and Clay fraCtions Content in between layers of big hole soil profiles of A profile sample is more uniform Compared to B profile sample. The meChaniCal holing and material mixing of soil materials of A soil profile among the upper and lower Horizons i.e. A, E, B and C Horizons before planting that resulted a better distribution of both soil texture (sands and Clay) and ChemiCal properties suCh as aCidity value (pH), C-organiC, N, C/N ratio, CEC, P-available and ExChangeable Bases. Investigation showed that exChangeable Cations (Ca, Mg, K), were very low in soil layers (A profile) and Horizons (B profile) investigated. The low exChangeable Cations due to highly leaChed of bases to the lower layers and Horizons. Besides, the palm whiCh was planted on the big hole system showed good adaptation and responsed positively by growing well of tertiary and quaternary roots that the roots were penetrable in to deeper rooting zone as muCh as >1.00 m depth. The roots Can grow well and penetrate muCh deeper in A profile Compared to undisturbed hard pan layer (B profile). The FFB (fresh fruit bunChes) produCtion of non big hole bloCk was higher than big hole bloCk for the first three years of produCtion. This might be due to the high variation of monthly rainfall in between years of observation from 2009 to 2014. Therefore, the hardness of plaCiC and ortstein as unpenetrable agents by rootsJurnal Pertanian Tropik ISSN Online No : 2356-4725Vol.2, No.2. Agustus 2015. (19) : 148- 158149and water to prevent water loss and retain the water in the rhizosphere espeCially in the drier weather. In the high rainfall Condition, the 2:1 drain to prevent water saturation in the oil palm rhizosphere by moving some water in to the drain. Meanwhile the disturbed soil horizon (big hole area) was drier than undisturbanCe immediately due to water removal to deeper layers. We ConCluded that both big hole and 2:1 drain are suitable teChnology for Spodosol soil land espeCially in preparing of palms planting to minimize negative effeCt of hardpan layer for oil palm growth

Cornelia Rumpel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • blaCk Carbon Contribution to soil organiC matter Composition in tropiCal sloping land under slash and burn agriCulture
    Geoderma, 2006
    Co-Authors: Cornelia Rumpel, Marie Alexis, Abad Chabbi, Vincent Chaplot, Daniel P Rasse, Christian Valentin, Andre Mariotti
    Abstract:

    AbstraCt TropiCal soils are generally depleted in organiC Carbon (OC) due to environmental Conditions favouring deComposition and mineralisation of soil organiC matter (SOM). In Northern Laos, sloping soils are subjeCted to slash and burn agriCulture, whiCh leads to produCtion of blaCk Carbon (BC), a stable SOM fraCtion. BC may direCtly influenCe the quantity and quality of SOM sequestered in tropiCal soils. The aim of this study was to quantify BC Content and evaluate its impaCt on the ChemiCal and stable isotope Composition of SOM along a Catena Composed of DystroChrepts at the bottom of the slope, Alfisols (midslope) and InCeptisols at the top of the slope for different burning frequenCies. Six soil profiles, situated on a slope ranging from a river bank to the summit of a hill, were sampled. The stable isotope Compositions ( 13 C and 15 N) of samples from both organo-mineral A and mineral B and C Horizons were determined. The ChemiCal Composition of SOM analysed by 13 C CPMAS NMR speCtrosCopy and the Contribution of BC determined by diChromate oxidation were Compared to OC and iron oxide Content as well as land management inCluding the burning CyCle. The highest C Contents were reCorded at midslope positions. At any position on the slope, δ 13 C and δ 15 N ratios showed an enriChment in 13 C and 15 N with inCreasing soil depth. The OC Content of soil Horizons was related to their aryl C Content, whiCh is the Component most likely driven by BC inputs. The BC Contributions analysed by diChromate oxidation ranged from 3% to 7% of total OC. A positive Correlation was obtained between aryl C and the BC Content of SOM. Comparison of BC Content and stable isotope Composition of SOM showed that BC influenCed the δ 13 C and the δ 15 N stable isotope ratios of these soils. BC was not assoCiated with the mineral phase. The highest BC Contents were measured under intensive slash and burn praCtiCe in the viCinity of the boundary of Alfisols at the top of the slope, where erosion was severe. Therefore, BC, a SOM Component strongly influenCing OC sequestration of these soils, is susCeptible to transloCation down the slope.

  • alkyl C and hydrophobiCity in b and C Horizons of an aCid forest soil
    Journal of Plant Nutrition and Soil Science, 2004
    Co-Authors: Cornelia Rumpel, Ariane Seraphin, Marcoliver Goebel, Guido L B Wiesenberg, Francisco Gonzalesvila, Jorg Bachmann, Lorenz Schwark, Walter Michaelis, Andre Mariotti, Ingrid Kogelknabner
    Abstract:

    AliphatiC C most probably derived from ester-bound moieties was found to be present in sandy subsoil Horizons. The hydrophobiC nature of suCh Compounds may inCrease their stabilization potential. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the potential of aliphatiC Compounds in mineral soil Horizons along a DystriC Cambisol profile under beeCh forest to inCrease hydrophobiCity. The ConCeptual approaCh inCluded the analyses of soil samples before and after solvent extraCtion and base hydrolysis for elemental and isotopiC Composition. Additionally, the advanCing ContaCt angle was measured to quantify hydrophobiCity. Curie-point pyrolysis GC/MS was Carried out to CharaCterize the nature of alkyl C present in subsoil samples. A Close Correlation between the 14C aCtivity and the stable-C-isotope ratio (δ13C) indiCates isotopiC fraCtionation upon C stabilization in subsoils. Free lipids Contributed less than 10% to the organiC C found in subsoil Horizons. Base hydrolysis revealed very high amounts of hydroxyalkanoiC aCids in the B Horizons of the aCid forest soil. HydrophobiCity of SOM was not found to be Correlated to esterified- or free-lipid Content. The ContaCt angle was in a similar range for all bulk soil Horizons, suggesting greater hydrophobiCity of organiC matter in subsoil Horizons Considering their very low ConCentrations of organiC C Compared to the A horizon. The quantity and nature of pyrolysis produCts Change with inCreasing depth in the soil profile. AliphatiC produCts Cannot be deteCted in B and C Horizons by Curie-point pyrolysis GC/MS. Alkyl-C und Hydrophobizitat in B- und C-Horizonten eines sauren Waldbodens In den Horizonten sandiger Unterboden kommt es zur AnreiCherung aliphatisCher Substanzen, die vermutliCh estergebunden sind. Die hydrophobe Natur dieser Verbindungen konnte ihre Stabilisierung gegenuber mikrobiellem Abbau begunstigen. Das Ziel unserer Arbeiten war es, zu untersuChen, ob aliphatisChe Verbindungen die Hydrophobizitat organisCher Substanzen im Bodenprofil einer sauren Braunerde unter BuChe erhohen konnen. Hierzu wurde die Element- und Isotopenzusammensetzung von Bodenproben vor und naCh Lipidextraktion sowie basisCher Hydrolyse untersuCht. ZusatzliCh wurden Kontaktwinkelmessungen zur Quantifizierung der Hydrophobizitat durChgefuhrt. Curie-Punkt-Pyrolyse-GC/MS wurde angewandt, um die Zusammensetzung des Alkyl-C zu Charakterisieren. Eine Korrelation zwisChen der 14C-Aktivitat und dem Verhaltnis der stabilen C-Isotope (δ13C) zeigt, dass es wahrend der C-Stabilisierung zu einer Isotopenfraktionierung kommt. Freie Lipide maChten weniger als 10 % des organisChen C in den Unterbodenhorizonten aus. Die basisChe Hydrolyse zeigte hohe Anteile von Hydroxyalkansauren in den B-Horizonten des sauren Waldbodens. Die Hydrophobizitat der organisChen Substanz war niCht mit dem Gehalt an freien und/oder gebundenen Lipiden korreliert. Der Kontaktwinkel zeigte in allen Bodenhorizonten ahnliChe Werte, so dass fur die organisChe Substanz in den Unterbodenhorizonten mit ihren im VergleiCh zu den A-Horizonten sehr geringen Corg.-Gehalten eine grosere Hydrophobizitat angenommen werden muss. Die Anzahl und ChemisChe Zusammensetzung der Pyrolyseprodukte veranderte siCh mit zunehmender Profiltiefe. AliphatisChe Verbindungen konnten mit Curie-Punkt-Pyrolyse in den B- und C-Horizonten niCht naChgewiesen werden.

  • loCation and ChemiCal Composition of stabilized organiC Carbon in topsoil and subsoil Horizons of two aCid forest soils
    Soil Biology & Biochemistry, 2004
    Co-Authors: Karin Eusterhues, Cornelia Rumpel, Ingrid Kogelknabner
    Abstract:

    The 14 C age of soil organiC matter is known to inCrease with soil depth. Therefore, the aim of this study was to examine the stabilization of Carbon Compounds in the entire soil profile using partiCle size fraCtionation to distinguish SOM pools with different turnover rates. Samples were taken from a DystriC Cambisol and a HapliC Podzol under forest, whiCh are representative soil types under humid Climate Conditions. The ConCeptual approaCh inCluded the analyses of partiCle size fraCtions of all mineral soil Horizons for elemental Composition and ChemiCal struCture of the organiC matter by 13 C Cross-polarization magiC angle spinning nuClear magnetiC resonanCe (CPMAS NMR) speCtrosCopy. The Contribution of phenols and hydroxyalkanoiC aCids, whiCh represent reCalCitrant plant litter Compounds, was analyzed after CuO oxidation. In the DystriC Cambisol, the highest Carbon ConCentration as well as the highest perCentage of total organiC Carbon are found in the , 6.3 mm fraCtions of the B and C Horizons. In the HapliC Podzol, Carbon distribution among the partiCle size fraCtions of the Bh and Bvs Horizons is influenCed by the adsorption of dissolved organiC matter. A relationship between the Carbon enriChment in fraCtions ,6.3 mm and the 14 C aCtivity of the bulk soil indiCates that stabilization of SOM oCCurs in fine partiCle size fraCtions of both soils. 13 C CPMAS NMR speCtrosCopy shows that a high ConCentration of alkyl Carbon is present in the fine partiCle size fraCtions of the B Horizons of the DystriC Cambisol. DeCreasing Contribution of O-alkyl and aromatiC Carbon with partiCle size as well as soil depth indiCates that these Compounds are not stabilized in the DystriC Cambisol. These results are in aCCordanCe with data obtained by wet ChemiCal analyses showing that Cutin/suberin-derived hydroxyalkanoiC aCids are preserved in the fine partiCle size fraCtions of the B Horizons. The organiC matter Composition in partiCle size fraCtions of the top- and subsoil Horizons of the HapliC Podzol shows that this soil is aCting like a ChromatographiC system preserving insoluble alkyl Carbon in the fine partiCle size fraCtions of the A horizon. Small moleCules, most probably organiC aCids, dominate in the fine partiCle size fraCtions of the C Horizons, where they are stabilized in Clay-sized fraCtions most likely due to the interaCtion with the mineral phase. The CharaCterization of lignin-derived phenols indiCated, in aCCordanCe with the NMR measurements, that these Compounds are not stabilized in the mineral soil Horizons. q 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

  • moleCular CharaCterization of organiC matter in b and C Horizons of an aCid forest soil
    2003
    Co-Authors: Cornelia Rumpel, Karin Eusterhues, Ingrid Kogelknabner, Walter Michaelis, Francisco Javier Gonzalezvila, Lorenz Schwark
    Abstract:

    ComuniCaCion GEOC 43: Division of GeoChemistry, SeCtion A: MoleCular Studies of Soil OrganiC Matter DynamiCs of Soil OrganiC Matter.-- Presentada al Citado Congreso, Celebrado del 23-27 de marzo, 2003, en New Orleans (USA).

  • vertiCal distribution age and ChemiCal Composition of organiC Carbon in two forest soils of different pedogenesis
    Organic Geochemistry, 2002
    Co-Authors: Cornelia Rumpel, Ingrid Kogelknabner, Frank Bruhn
    Abstract:

    ReCent Carbon inventories have shown that signifiCant amounts of soil organiC matter (SOM), even though at low ConCentrations, Can be stored in the subsoil (B and C Horizons). Its quantity, turnover and ChemiCal Composition are largely unknown. The objeCtive of the present study was to analyse the organiC matter in the mineral Horizons of two forest soils with different pedogenetiC history and to assess the quantity, turnover and ChemiCal Composition of SOM stored in the subsoil Compared to the topsoil (A horizon and litter layers). Samples were taken from a DystriC Cambisol under beeCh and a HapliC Podzol under spruCe forest down to a depth of 140 and 80 Cm, respeCtively. They were analysed for elemental Composition, Carbon storage and ChemiCal struCture of SOM by 13C CPMAS NMR speCtrosCopy, radioCarbon age by aCCelerator mass speCtrometry and plant derived phenols as well as hydroxyalkanoiC aCids by CuO oxidation. SpeCial attention was drawn to the Contribution of phenols and hydroxyalkanoiC aCids, beCause they are major Contributors of root litter. Up to 75% of the organiC Carbon present in the mineral soil of the two profiles was found below the A horizon. RadioCarbon measurements showed that the organiC Carbon in the subsoil had an apparent age of several thousand years. The struCtural analyses indiCated a similar ChemiCal Composition of the organiC matter present in the litter layers of both soils. In the mineral soils, the ChemiCal Composition of the SOM differed aCCording to the pedogenetiC proCesses operating at the two sites. A high Contribution of alkyl Carbon was reCorded in the B Horizons of the DystriC Cambisol whiCh may be partly explained by the Contribution of hydroxyalkanoiC aCids whiCh are preserved preferentially in this soil Compared to phenols. In the HapliC Podzol, speCtra of the B Horizons indiCate a higher Contribution of O-alkyl and CarboxyliC Carbon due to Carbon leaChing during podzolisation. In the C Horizons of both soils, most of the organiC Carbon was mobilised after demineralisation by treatment with 10% hydrofluouriC aCid (HF) and may therefore be adsorbed to the soil minerals. Our data indiCated that there is, apart from root litter, a strong influenCe of soil-forming proCesses on the Composition of organiC Carbon in subsoils.