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Eva Robbrecht - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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automated lasco cme catalog for solar cycle 23 are cmes scale invariant
The Astrophysical Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Eva Robbrecht, D Berghmans, R A M Van Der LindenAbstract:In this paper, we present the first automatically constructed LASCO coronal mass ejection (CME) catalog, a result of the application of the Computer Aided CME Tracking software (Cactus) on the LASCO archive during the interval 1997 September-2007 January. We have studied the CME characteristics and have compared them with similar results obtained by manual detection (CDAW CME catalog). On average, Cactus detects less than two events per day during solar minimum, up to eight events during maximum, nearly half of them being narrow (<20?). Assuming a correction factor, we find that the Cactus CME rate is surprisingly consistent with CME rates found during the past 30 years. The Cactus statistics show that small-scale outflow is ubiquitously observed in the outer corona. The majority of Cactus-only events are narrow transients related to previous CME activity or to intensity variations in the slow solar wind, reflecting its turbulent nature. A significant fraction (about 15%) of Cactus-only events were identified as independent events, thus not related to other CME activity. The Cactus CME width distribution is essentially scale invariant in angular span over a range of scales from 20? to 120? while previous catalogs present a broad maximum around 30?. The possibility that the size of coronal mass outflows follow a power-law distribution could indicate that no typical CME size exists, i.e., that the narrow transients are not different from the larger well defined CMEs.
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automated lasco cme catalog for solar cycle 23 are cmes scale invariant
arXiv: Astrophysics, 2008Co-Authors: Eva Robbrecht, D Berghmans, R A M Van Der LindenAbstract:In this paper we present the first automatically constructed LASCO CME catalog, a result of the application of the Computer Aided CME Tracking software (Cactus) on the LASCO archive during the interval September 1997 - January 2007. We have studied the CME characteristics and have compared them with similar results obtained by manual detection (CDAW CME catalog). On average Cactus detects less than 2 events per day during solar minimum up to 8 events during maximum, nearly half of them being narrow (< 20 degrees). Assuming a correction factor, we find that the Cactus CME rate is surprisingly consistent with CME rates found during the past 30 years. The Cactus statistics show that small scale outflow is ubiquitously observed in the outer corona. The majority of Cactus-only events are narrow transients related to previous CME activity or to intensity variations in the slow solar wind, reflecting its turbulent nature. A significant fraction (about 15%) of Cactus-{\it only} events were identified as independent events, thus not related to other CME activity. The Cactus CME width distribution is essentially scale invariant in angular span over a range of scales from 20 to 120 degrees while previous catalogues present a broad maximum around 30 degrees. The possibility that the size of coronal mass outflows follow a power law distribution could indicate that no typical CME size exists, i.e. that the narrow transients are not different from the larger well-defined CMEs.
R A M Van Der Linden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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automated lasco cme catalog for solar cycle 23 are cmes scale invariant
The Astrophysical Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Eva Robbrecht, D Berghmans, R A M Van Der LindenAbstract:In this paper, we present the first automatically constructed LASCO coronal mass ejection (CME) catalog, a result of the application of the Computer Aided CME Tracking software (Cactus) on the LASCO archive during the interval 1997 September-2007 January. We have studied the CME characteristics and have compared them with similar results obtained by manual detection (CDAW CME catalog). On average, Cactus detects less than two events per day during solar minimum, up to eight events during maximum, nearly half of them being narrow (<20?). Assuming a correction factor, we find that the Cactus CME rate is surprisingly consistent with CME rates found during the past 30 years. The Cactus statistics show that small-scale outflow is ubiquitously observed in the outer corona. The majority of Cactus-only events are narrow transients related to previous CME activity or to intensity variations in the slow solar wind, reflecting its turbulent nature. A significant fraction (about 15%) of Cactus-only events were identified as independent events, thus not related to other CME activity. The Cactus CME width distribution is essentially scale invariant in angular span over a range of scales from 20? to 120? while previous catalogs present a broad maximum around 30?. The possibility that the size of coronal mass outflows follow a power-law distribution could indicate that no typical CME size exists, i.e., that the narrow transients are not different from the larger well defined CMEs.
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automated lasco cme catalog for solar cycle 23 are cmes scale invariant
arXiv: Astrophysics, 2008Co-Authors: Eva Robbrecht, D Berghmans, R A M Van Der LindenAbstract:In this paper we present the first automatically constructed LASCO CME catalog, a result of the application of the Computer Aided CME Tracking software (Cactus) on the LASCO archive during the interval September 1997 - January 2007. We have studied the CME characteristics and have compared them with similar results obtained by manual detection (CDAW CME catalog). On average Cactus detects less than 2 events per day during solar minimum up to 8 events during maximum, nearly half of them being narrow (< 20 degrees). Assuming a correction factor, we find that the Cactus CME rate is surprisingly consistent with CME rates found during the past 30 years. The Cactus statistics show that small scale outflow is ubiquitously observed in the outer corona. The majority of Cactus-only events are narrow transients related to previous CME activity or to intensity variations in the slow solar wind, reflecting its turbulent nature. A significant fraction (about 15%) of Cactus-{\it only} events were identified as independent events, thus not related to other CME activity. The Cactus CME width distribution is essentially scale invariant in angular span over a range of scales from 20 to 120 degrees while previous catalogues present a broad maximum around 30 degrees. The possibility that the size of coronal mass outflows follow a power law distribution could indicate that no typical CME size exists, i.e. that the narrow transients are not different from the larger well-defined CMEs.
Kendal Smith - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A Novel Divergent Geminivirus Identified in Asymptomatic New World Cactaceae Plants
Viruses, 2020Co-Authors: Rafaela Fontenele, Andrew Salywon, Lucas Majure, Ilaria Cobb, Amulya Bhaskara, Jesús Avalos-calleros, Gerardo Argüello-astorga, Kara Schmidlin, Anthony Khalifeh, Kendal SmithAbstract:Cactaceae comprise a diverse and iconic group of flowering plants which are almost exclusively indigenous to the New World. The wide variety of growth forms found amongst the cacti have led to the trafficking of many species throughout the world as ornamentals. Despite the evolution and physiological properties of these plants having been extensively studied, little research has focused on Cactus-associated viral communities. While only single-stranded RNA viruses had ever Viruses 2020, 12, 398 2 of 26 been reported in cacti, here we report the discovery of Cactus-infecting single-stranded DNA viruses. These viruses all apparently belong to a single divergent species of the family Geminiviridae and have been tentatively named Opuntia virus 1 (OpV1). A total of 79 apparently complete OpV1 genomes were recovered from 31 different Cactus plants (belonging to 20 different Cactus species from both the Cactoideae and Opuntioideae clades) and from nine Cactus-feeding cochineal insects (Dactylopius sp.) sampled in the USA and Mexico. These 79 OpV1 genomes all share > 78.4% nucleotide identity with one another and < 64.9% identity with previously characterized geminiviruses. Collectively, the OpV1 genomes display evidence of frequent recombination, with some genomes displaying up to five recombinant regions. In one case, recombinant regions span~40% of the genome. We demonstrate that an infectious clone of an OpV1 genome can replicate in Nicotiana benthamiana and Opuntia microdasys. In addition to expanding the inventory of viruses that are known to infect cacti, the OpV1 group is so distantly related to other known geminiviruses that it likely represents a new geminivirus genus. It remains to be determined whether, like its Cactus hosts, its geographical distribution spans the globe.
Alemu Yami - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of different levels of Cactus opuntia ficus indica inclusion on feed intake digestibility and body weight gain in tef eragrostis tef straw based feeding of sheep
Animal Feed Science and Technology, 2006Co-Authors: Tikabo Gebremariam, Solomon Melaku, Alemu YamiAbstract:Abstract The study was conducted to determine the effect of different levels of Cactus ( Opuntia ficus-indica ) inclusion on feed intake, diet apparent digestibility and live weight gain in tef ( Eragrostis tef ) straw-based feeding of sheep. A randomized complete block design was used to assign 24 male Highland sheep with initial live weight of 17.0 ± 3.9 kg (mean ± S.D.) in six replications to one of the four treatment feeds. The animals in T1 were offered 610 g tef straw on dry matter (DM) basis, and 57.6 g DM noug ( Gouzotia abyssinica ) seed cake, and those in T2, T3 and T4 were offered the same quantities of noug seed cake DM with replacement of one fourth, half and three fourths of tef straw DM with spineless Cactus DM, respectively. The sheep were kept on the experimental feeds for 118 days. Spineless Cactus and tef straw were offered separately to animals in two equal portions at 8:00 and 16:00 h. Common salt and fresh water were offered ad libitum throughout the experimental period. Spineless Cactus had a high content of water (880 g/kg fresh weight), ash, especially calcium (45 g/kg DM), but the phosphorus concentration was 2.6 g/kg DM, making the ratio of calcium to phosphorus 17:1. The soluble carbohydrate of Cactus was over 251 g/kg DM, whereas it was only 130 g/kg DM in the basal diet. The crude protein (CP) content of Cactus (83 g/kg DM) was higher compared to that of the basal feed (76 g/kg DM). High contents of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (705 g/kg DM) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (386 g/kg DM) were determined in tef straw than in Cactus that had NDF content of 392 g/kg DM and ADF content of 263 g/kg DM. Cactus was readily consumed and the animals preferred Cactus to tef straw. The water intake was negatively correlated ( r = −0.88) with Cactus intake. Significant differences (P
Ernesto Alanisgarcia - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of ultrasound treatment in purple Cactus pear opuntia ficus indica juice
Ultrasonics Sonochemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Quinatzin Yadira Zafrarojas, Nelly Del Socorro Cruzcansino, Esther Ramirezmoreno, Luis Delgadoolivares, Javier Villanuevasanchez, Ernesto AlanisgarciaAbstract:Cactus pear (Opuntia ficus-indica) fruit is a berry with a tasty pulp full of seeds that constitutes about 10–15% of the edible pulp. In Mexico, Cactus pear is mainly consumed fresh, but also has the potential to be processed in other products such as juice. The objective of this study was to eval uate the effect of different ultrasound conditions at amplitude levels ranging (40% and 60% for 10, 15, 25 min; 80% for 3, 5, 8, 10, 15 and 25 min) on the characteristics of purple Cactus pear juice. The evaluated parameters were related with the quality (stability, Brix, pH), microbial growth, total phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid and antioxidant activity (ABTS, DPPH and % chelating activity) of purple Cactus pear juices. The ultrasound treatment for time period of 15 and 25 min significantly reduced the microbial count in 15 and 25 min, without affecting the juice quality and its antioxidant properties. Juice treated at 80% of amplitude level showed an increased of antioxidant compounds. Our results demon strated that sonication is a suitable technique for Cactus pear processing. This technology allows the achievement of juice safety and quality standards without comp romising the retention of antioxidant compounds.
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betalain acid ascorbic phenolic contents and antioxidant properties of purple red yellow and white Cactus pears
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2011Co-Authors: Maria Teresa Sumayamartinez, Sandra Cruzjaime, Eduardo Madrigalsantillan, J D Garciaparedes, Raquel Carinocortes, Nelly Del Socorro Cruzcansino, Carmen Valadezvega, Leonardo Martinezcardenas, Ernesto AlanisgarciaAbstract:Commercialization of Cactus pears based on their antioxidant properties can generate competitive advantages, and these can turn into business opportunities and the development of new products and a high-value ingredient for the food industry. This work evaluated the antioxidant activities (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical-scavenging, protection against oxidation of a β-carotene-linoleic acid emulsion, and iron (II) chelation), the content of total phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid, betacyanin, betaxanthin and the stability of betacyanin pigments in presence of Cu (II)-dependent hydroxyl radicals (OH•), in 18 cultivars of purple, red, yellow and white Cactus pear from six Mexican states. Our results indicated that the antiradical activities from yellow and white Cactus pear cultivars were not significantly different (p < 0.05) and were lower than the average antiradical activities in red and purple cultivars. The red Cactus pear from the state of Zacatecas showed the highest antioxidant activity. The free radical scavenging activity for red Cactus pears was significantly correlated (p < 0.05) to the concentration of total phenolic compounds (R2 = 0.90) and ascorbic acid (R2 = 0.86). All 18 cultivars of Cactus pears studied showed significant chelating activity of ferrous ions. The red and purple Cactus pears showed a great stability when exposed to OH•.
