The Experts below are selected from a list of 27 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Christophe Gonzales - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • two factor additive conjoint measurement with one solvable component
    Journal of Mathematical Psychology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Christophe Gonzales
    Abstract:

    This paper addresses conditions for the existence of additive separable utilities. It considers mainly two-dimensional Cartesian products in which restricted solvability holds w.r.t. one component, but some results are extended to n-dimensional spaces. The main result shows that, in general, Cancellation Axioms of any order are required to ensure additive representability. More precisely, a generic family of counterexamples is provided, proving that the (m+1)st order Cancellation Axiom cannot be derived from the mth order Cancellation Axiom when m is even. However, a special case is considered in which the existence of additive representations can be derived from the independence Axiom alone. Unlike the classical representation theorems, these representations are not unique up to strictly positive affine transformations, but follow Fishburn's (1981) uniqueness property.

Wick Katherine - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Why choose wisely if you have already paid? Sunk costs elicit stochastic dominance violations
    Society for Judgment and Decision Making, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jessup, Ryan K., Assaad, Lily B., Wick Katherine
    Abstract:

    Sunk costs have been known to elicit violations of expected utility theory, in particular, the independence or Cancellation Axiom. Separately, violations of the stochastic dominance principle have been demonstrated in various settings despite the fact that descriptive models of choice favored in economics deem such violations irrational. However, it is currently unknown whether sunk costs also yield stochastic dominance violations. In two studies using a tri-colored roulette wheel choice task with non-equiprobable events yet equal payoffs, we observed that those who had sunk costs selected a stochastically dominated option significantly more than did those who had no costs. Moreover, a second study revealed that people chose a stochastically dominated option significantly more when the expected value was low compared to high. A model comparison of psychological explanations demonstrated that theories that incorporate a reference shift of the status quo could predict these sunk cost-based violations of stochastic dominance whereas other models could not

Lily B. Assaad - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Why choose wisely if you have already paid? Sunk costs elicit stochastic dominance violations
    Society for Judgment and Decision Making, 2018
    Co-Authors: Ryan K. Jessup, Lily B. Assaad
    Abstract:

    Sunk costs have been known to elicit violations of expected utility theory, in particular, the independence or Cancellation Axiom. Separately, violations of the stochastic dominance principle have been demonstrated in various settings despite the fact that descriptive models of choice favored in economics deem such violations irrational. However, it is currently unknown whether sunk costs also yield stochastic dominance violations. In two studies using a tri-colored roulette wheel choice task with non-equiprobable events yet equal payoffs, we observed that those who had sunk costs selected a stochastically dominated option significantly more than did those who had no costs. Moreover, a second study revealed that people chose a stochastically dominated option significantly more when the expected value was low compared to high. A model comparison of psychological explanations demonstrated that theories that incorporate a reference shift of the status quo could predict these sunk cost-based violations of stochastic dominance whereas other models could not

Gary B Reid - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • double trade off curves with different cognitive processing combinations testing the Cancellation Axiom of mental workload measurement theory
    Human Factors, 1999
    Co-Authors: Herbert A Colle, Gary B Reid
    Abstract:

    The accomplishment model of average mental workload--a formal Axiomatic measurement theory--was used as a basis for developing and testing secondary task indices of mental workload (H. A. Colle & G. B. Reid, 1997). Its Cancellation Axiom implies global sensitivity, which is an important theoretical and practical criterion for mental workload indices. Performance levels of different secondary tasks were empirically equated in mental workload and then used to test the Cancellation Axiom. Cognitive processing similarity--including orthographic, phonemic, and semantic processing of pairs of operator and secondary tasks--was manipulated in three experiments. Equivalencies between secondary tasks were independent of secondary-operator task similarity, consistent with the Cancellation Axiom and the global sensitivity of these secondary tasks. The results suggest that standardized secondary task techniques can be developed for the practical measurement of mental workload. Actual or potential applications of this research include the development of functionally useful and realistic secondary task measures of mental workload.

Jessup, Ryan K. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Why choose wisely if you have already paid? Sunk costs elicit stochastic dominance violations
    Society for Judgment and Decision Making, 2018
    Co-Authors: Jessup, Ryan K., Assaad, Lily B., Wick Katherine
    Abstract:

    Sunk costs have been known to elicit violations of expected utility theory, in particular, the independence or Cancellation Axiom. Separately, violations of the stochastic dominance principle have been demonstrated in various settings despite the fact that descriptive models of choice favored in economics deem such violations irrational. However, it is currently unknown whether sunk costs also yield stochastic dominance violations. In two studies using a tri-colored roulette wheel choice task with non-equiprobable events yet equal payoffs, we observed that those who had sunk costs selected a stochastically dominated option significantly more than did those who had no costs. Moreover, a second study revealed that people chose a stochastically dominated option significantly more when the expected value was low compared to high. A model comparison of psychological explanations demonstrated that theories that incorporate a reference shift of the status quo could predict these sunk cost-based violations of stochastic dominance whereas other models could not