The Experts below are selected from a list of 9 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bona Stefano - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potentials and Challenges of Genomics for Breeding Cannabis Cultivars
'Frontiers Media SA', 2020Co-Authors: Barcaccia Gianni, Palumbo Fabio, Scariolo Francesco, Vannozzi Alessandro, Borin Marcello, Bona StefanoAbstract:Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is an influential yet controversial agricultural plant with a very long and prominent history of recreational, medicinal, and industrial usages. Given the importance of this species, we deepened some of the main challenges\u2014along with potential solutions\u2014behind the breeding of new Cannabis cultivars. One of the main issues that should be fixed before starting new breeding programs is the uncertain taxonomic classification of the two main taxa (e.g., indica and sativa) of the Cannabis Genus. We tried therefore to examine this topic from a molecular perspective through the use of DNA barcoding. Our findings seem to support a unique species system (C. sativa) based on two subspecies: C. sativa subsp. sativa and C. sativa subsp. indica. The second key issue in a breeding program is related to the dioecy behavior of this species and to the comprehension of those molecular mechanisms underlying flower development, the main Cannabis product. Given the role of MADS box genes in flower identity, we analyzed and reorganized all the genomic and transcriptomic data available for homeotic genes, trying to decipher the applicability of the ABCDE model in Cannabis. Finally, reviewing the limits of the conventional breeding methods traditionally applied for developing new varieties, we proposed a new breeding scheme for the constitution of F1 hybrids, without ignoring the indisputable contribution offered by genomics. In this sense, in parallel, we resumed the main advances in the genomic field of this species and, ascertained the lack of a robust set of SNP markers, provided a discriminant and polymorphic panel of SSR markers as a valuable tool for future marker assisted breeding programs
Tamas Biro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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targeting cannabinoid signaling in the immune system high ly exciting questions possibilities and challenges
Frontiers in Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Attila Olah, Zoltan Szekanecz, Tamas BiroAbstract:It is well known that certain active ingredients of the plants of Cannabis Genus, i.e. the “phytocannabinoids” (pCB; e.g. (-)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC], (-)-cannabidiol [CBD], etc.) can influence a wide array of biological processes, and the human body is able to produce endogenous analogues of these substances (“endocannabinoids” [eCB] e.g. arachidonoylethanolamine [anandamide, AEA], 2-arachidonoylglycerol [2-AG], etc.). These ligands, together with multiple receptors (e.g. CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, etc.), and a complex enzyme and transporter apparatus involved in the synthesis and degradation of the ligands constitute the endocannabinoid system (ECS), a recently emerging regulator of several physiological processes. The ECS is widely expressed in the human body, including several members of the innate and adaptive immune system, where eCBs, as well as several pCBs were shown to deeply influence immune functions thereby regulating inflammation, autoimmunity, anti-tumor, as well as anti-pathogen immune responses, etc. Based on this knowledge, many in vitro and in vivo studies aimed at exploiting the putative therapeutic potential of cannabinoid signaling in inflammation-accompanied diseases (e.g. multiple sclerosis) or in organ transplantation, and to dissect the complex immunological effects of medical and “recreational” marijuana consumption. Thus, the objective of the current article is (i) to summarize the most recent findings of the field; (ii) to highlight the putative therapeutic potential of targeting cannabinoid signaling; (iii) to identify open questions and key challenges; and (iv) to suggest promising future directions for cannabinoid-based drug development.
Barcaccia Gianni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potentials and Challenges of Genomics for Breeding Cannabis Cultivars
'Frontiers Media SA', 2020Co-Authors: Barcaccia Gianni, Palumbo Fabio, Scariolo Francesco, Vannozzi Alessandro, Borin Marcello, Bona StefanoAbstract:Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is an influential yet controversial agricultural plant with a very long and prominent history of recreational, medicinal, and industrial usages. Given the importance of this species, we deepened some of the main challenges\u2014along with potential solutions\u2014behind the breeding of new Cannabis cultivars. One of the main issues that should be fixed before starting new breeding programs is the uncertain taxonomic classification of the two main taxa (e.g., indica and sativa) of the Cannabis Genus. We tried therefore to examine this topic from a molecular perspective through the use of DNA barcoding. Our findings seem to support a unique species system (C. sativa) based on two subspecies: C. sativa subsp. sativa and C. sativa subsp. indica. The second key issue in a breeding program is related to the dioecy behavior of this species and to the comprehension of those molecular mechanisms underlying flower development, the main Cannabis product. Given the role of MADS box genes in flower identity, we analyzed and reorganized all the genomic and transcriptomic data available for homeotic genes, trying to decipher the applicability of the ABCDE model in Cannabis. Finally, reviewing the limits of the conventional breeding methods traditionally applied for developing new varieties, we proposed a new breeding scheme for the constitution of F1 hybrids, without ignoring the indisputable contribution offered by genomics. In this sense, in parallel, we resumed the main advances in the genomic field of this species and, ascertained the lack of a robust set of SNP markers, provided a discriminant and polymorphic panel of SSR markers as a valuable tool for future marker assisted breeding programs
Attila Olah - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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targeting cannabinoid signaling in the immune system high ly exciting questions possibilities and challenges
Frontiers in Immunology, 2017Co-Authors: Attila Olah, Zoltan Szekanecz, Tamas BiroAbstract:It is well known that certain active ingredients of the plants of Cannabis Genus, i.e. the “phytocannabinoids” (pCB; e.g. (-)-trans-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol [THC], (-)-cannabidiol [CBD], etc.) can influence a wide array of biological processes, and the human body is able to produce endogenous analogues of these substances (“endocannabinoids” [eCB] e.g. arachidonoylethanolamine [anandamide, AEA], 2-arachidonoylglycerol [2-AG], etc.). These ligands, together with multiple receptors (e.g. CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, etc.), and a complex enzyme and transporter apparatus involved in the synthesis and degradation of the ligands constitute the endocannabinoid system (ECS), a recently emerging regulator of several physiological processes. The ECS is widely expressed in the human body, including several members of the innate and adaptive immune system, where eCBs, as well as several pCBs were shown to deeply influence immune functions thereby regulating inflammation, autoimmunity, anti-tumor, as well as anti-pathogen immune responses, etc. Based on this knowledge, many in vitro and in vivo studies aimed at exploiting the putative therapeutic potential of cannabinoid signaling in inflammation-accompanied diseases (e.g. multiple sclerosis) or in organ transplantation, and to dissect the complex immunological effects of medical and “recreational” marijuana consumption. Thus, the objective of the current article is (i) to summarize the most recent findings of the field; (ii) to highlight the putative therapeutic potential of targeting cannabinoid signaling; (iii) to identify open questions and key challenges; and (iv) to suggest promising future directions for cannabinoid-based drug development.
Palumbo Fabio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Potentials and Challenges of Genomics for Breeding Cannabis Cultivars
'Frontiers Media SA', 2020Co-Authors: Barcaccia Gianni, Palumbo Fabio, Scariolo Francesco, Vannozzi Alessandro, Borin Marcello, Bona StefanoAbstract:Cannabis (Cannabis sativa L.) is an influential yet controversial agricultural plant with a very long and prominent history of recreational, medicinal, and industrial usages. Given the importance of this species, we deepened some of the main challenges\u2014along with potential solutions\u2014behind the breeding of new Cannabis cultivars. One of the main issues that should be fixed before starting new breeding programs is the uncertain taxonomic classification of the two main taxa (e.g., indica and sativa) of the Cannabis Genus. We tried therefore to examine this topic from a molecular perspective through the use of DNA barcoding. Our findings seem to support a unique species system (C. sativa) based on two subspecies: C. sativa subsp. sativa and C. sativa subsp. indica. The second key issue in a breeding program is related to the dioecy behavior of this species and to the comprehension of those molecular mechanisms underlying flower development, the main Cannabis product. Given the role of MADS box genes in flower identity, we analyzed and reorganized all the genomic and transcriptomic data available for homeotic genes, trying to decipher the applicability of the ABCDE model in Cannabis. Finally, reviewing the limits of the conventional breeding methods traditionally applied for developing new varieties, we proposed a new breeding scheme for the constitution of F1 hybrids, without ignoring the indisputable contribution offered by genomics. In this sense, in parallel, we resumed the main advances in the genomic field of this species and, ascertained the lack of a robust set of SNP markers, provided a discriminant and polymorphic panel of SSR markers as a valuable tool for future marker assisted breeding programs
