The Experts below are selected from a list of 170091 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Katsuki Ito - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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healthcare waste management in the Capital City of mongolia
Waste Management, 2008Co-Authors: Enkhtsetseg Shinee, Enkhjargal Gombojav, Akio Nishimura, Nobuyuki Hamajima, Katsuki ItoAbstract:Inconsistencies are present in the management options for healthcare wastes in Mongolia. One of the first critical steps in the process of developing a reliable waste management plan requires the performance of a waste characterization analysis. The objectives of this study were an assessment of the current situation of healthcare waste management (HCWM) and characterization of healthcare wastes generated in Ulaanbaatar. A total about 2.65 tonnes of healthcare wastes are produced each day in Ulaanbaatar (0.78 tons of medical wastes and 1.87 tons of general wastes). The medical waste generation rate per kg/patient-day in the inpatient services of public healthcare facilities was 1.4–3.0 times higher than in the outpatient services (P < 0.01). The waste generation rate in the healthcare facilities of Ulaanbaatar was lower than in some other countries; however, the percentage of medical wastes in the total waste stream was comparatively high, ranging from 12.5% to 69.3%, which indicated poor waste handling practices. Despite the efforts for the management of wastes, the current system of healthcare waste management in Ulaanbaatar City of Mongolia is under development and is in dire need of immediate attention and improvement. It is essential to develop a national policy and implement a comprehensive action plan for HCWM providing environmentally sound technological measures to improve HCWM in Mongolia.
Fritz Sager - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How to organize secondary Capital City regions: Institutional drivers of locational policy coordination
Governance, 2018Co-Authors: David Kaufmann, Fritz SagerAbstract:We analyze locational policy coordination in the metropolitan regions of secondary Capital cities. Secondary Capital cities - defined as Capitals that are not the primary economic City of their nation states - serve as the political center of their nation states; however, they must simultaneously explore new ways to develop their own regional economies. Locational policies, and their regional coordination, aim to strengthen the economic competitiveness of metropolitan regions. Our comparison of the metropolitan regions of Bern, Ottawa–Gatineau, The Hague, and Washington, D.C., reveals that vertical institutional fragmentation, together with high local tax autonomy, create an unlevel playing field, which prompts jurisdictions to behave fiercely in regional tax competition. These findings are troubling for secondary Capital cities given their propensity to be located in fragmented metropolitan regions and the Capital City‐specific local tax autonomy constraints imposed on them.
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Bern's positioning strategies: Escaping the fate of a secondary Capital City?
Cities, 2016Co-Authors: David Kaufmann, Martin Warland, Heike Mayer, Fritz SagerAbstract:Bern is a classic example of a so-called secondary Capital City, which is defined as a Capital City that is not the primary economic center of its nation. Such Capital cities feature a specific political economy characterized by a strong government presence in its regional economy and its local governance arrangements. Bern has been losing importance in the Swiss urban system over the past decades due to a stagnating economy, population decline and missed opportunities for regional cooperation. To re-position itself in the Swiss urban hierarchy, political leaders and policymakers established a non-profit organization called “Capital Region Switzerland” in 2010 arguing that a Capital City should not be measured by economic success only, but by its function as a political center where political decisions are negotiated and implemented. This City profile analyses Bern's strategy and discusses its ambitions and limitations in the context of the City's history, socio-economic and political conditions. We conclude that Bern's positioning strategy has so far been a political success, yet that there are severe limitations regarding advancing economic development. As a result, this re-positioning strategy is not able to address the fundamental economic development challenges that Bern faces as a secondary Capital City.
Bruno Masquelier - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Estimating cause-specific mortality in Madagascar: an evaluation of death notification data from the Capital City
Population Health Metrics, 2019Co-Authors: Bruno Masquelier, Gilles Pison, Julio Rakotonirina, Anjarasoa Maharavo RasoanomenjanaharyAbstract:Background Trends in cause-specific mortality in most African countries are currently estimated from epidemiological models because the coverage of the civil registration system is low and national statistics on causes of death are unreliable at the national level. We aim to evaluate the performance of the death notification system in Antananarivo, the Capital City of Madagascar, to inform cause-of-death statistics. Methods Information on the sex of the deceased, dates of birth and death, and underlying cause of death were transcribed from death registers maintained in Antananarivo. Causes of death were coded in ICD-9 and mapped to cause categories from the Global Burden of Disease 2016 Study (GBD). The performance of the notification system was assessed based on the Vital Statistics Performance Index, including six dimensions: completeness of death registration, quality of cause of death reporting, quality of age and sex reporting, internal consistency, level of cause-specific detail, and data availability and timeliness. We redistributed garbage codes and compared cause-specific mortality fractions in death records and estimates from the GBD with concordance correlation coefficients. Results The death notification system in Antananarivo performed well on most dimensions, although 31% of all deaths registered over the period 1976–2015 were assigned to ICD codes considered as “major garbage codes” in the GBD 2016. The completeness of death notification, estimated with indirect demographic techniques, was higher than 90% in the period 1975–1993, and recent under-five mortality rates were consistent with estimates from Demographic and Health Surveys referring to the Capital City. After redistributing garbage codes, cause-specific mortality fractions derived from death notification data were consistent with GBD 2016 for the whole country in the 1990s, with concordance correlation coefficients higher than 90%. There were larger deviations in recent years, with concordance correlation coefficients in 2015 at 0.74 (95% CI 0.66–0.81) for men and 0.81 (95% CI 0.74–0.86) for women. Conclusions Death notification in Antananarivo is a low-cost data source allowing real-time mortality monitoring, with a potential to improve disease burden estimates. Further efforts should be directed towards evaluating data quality in urban centers in Madagascar and other African countries to fill important data gaps on causes of death.
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estimating cause specific mortality in madagascar an evaluation of death notification data from the Capital City
Population Health Metrics, 2019Co-Authors: Bruno Masquelier, Gilles Pison, Julio Rakotonirina, Anjarasoa RasoanomenjanaharyAbstract:Trends in cause-specific mortality in most African countries are currently estimated from epidemiological models because the coverage of the civil registration system is low and national statistics on causes of death are unreliable at the national level. We aim to evaluate the performance of the death notification system in Antananarivo, the Capital City of Madagascar, to inform cause-of-death statistics. Information on the sex of the deceased, dates of birth and death, and underlying cause of death were transcribed from death registers maintained in Antananarivo. Causes of death were coded in ICD-9 and mapped to cause categories from the Global Burden of Disease 2016 Study (GBD). The performance of the notification system was assessed based on the Vital Statistics Performance Index, including six dimensions: completeness of death registration, quality of cause of death reporting, quality of age and sex reporting, internal consistency, level of cause-specific detail, and data availability and timeliness. We redistributed garbage codes and compared cause-specific mortality fractions in death records and estimates from the GBD with concordance correlation coefficients. The death notification system in Antananarivo performed well on most dimensions, although 31% of all deaths registered over the period 1976–2015 were assigned to ICD codes considered as “major garbage codes” in the GBD 2016. The completeness of death notification, estimated with indirect demographic techniques, was higher than 90% in the period 1975–1993, and recent under-five mortality rates were consistent with estimates from Demographic and Health Surveys referring to the Capital City. After redistributing garbage codes, cause-specific mortality fractions derived from death notification data were consistent with GBD 2016 for the whole country in the 1990s, with concordance correlation coefficients higher than 90%. There were larger deviations in recent years, with concordance correlation coefficients in 2015 at 0.74 (95% CI 0.66–0.81) for men and 0.81 (95% CI 0.74–0.86) for women. Death notification in Antananarivo is a low-cost data source allowing real-time mortality monitoring, with a potential to improve disease burden estimates. Further efforts should be directed towards evaluating data quality in urban centers in Madagascar and other African countries to fill important data gaps on causes of death.
Enkhtsetseg Shinee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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healthcare waste management in the Capital City of mongolia
Waste Management, 2008Co-Authors: Enkhtsetseg Shinee, Enkhjargal Gombojav, Akio Nishimura, Nobuyuki Hamajima, Katsuki ItoAbstract:Inconsistencies are present in the management options for healthcare wastes in Mongolia. One of the first critical steps in the process of developing a reliable waste management plan requires the performance of a waste characterization analysis. The objectives of this study were an assessment of the current situation of healthcare waste management (HCWM) and characterization of healthcare wastes generated in Ulaanbaatar. A total about 2.65 tonnes of healthcare wastes are produced each day in Ulaanbaatar (0.78 tons of medical wastes and 1.87 tons of general wastes). The medical waste generation rate per kg/patient-day in the inpatient services of public healthcare facilities was 1.4–3.0 times higher than in the outpatient services (P < 0.01). The waste generation rate in the healthcare facilities of Ulaanbaatar was lower than in some other countries; however, the percentage of medical wastes in the total waste stream was comparatively high, ranging from 12.5% to 69.3%, which indicated poor waste handling practices. Despite the efforts for the management of wastes, the current system of healthcare waste management in Ulaanbaatar City of Mongolia is under development and is in dire need of immediate attention and improvement. It is essential to develop a national policy and implement a comprehensive action plan for HCWM providing environmentally sound technological measures to improve HCWM in Mongolia.
David Kaufmann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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How to organize secondary Capital City regions: Institutional drivers of locational policy coordination
Governance, 2018Co-Authors: David Kaufmann, Fritz SagerAbstract:We analyze locational policy coordination in the metropolitan regions of secondary Capital cities. Secondary Capital cities - defined as Capitals that are not the primary economic City of their nation states - serve as the political center of their nation states; however, they must simultaneously explore new ways to develop their own regional economies. Locational policies, and their regional coordination, aim to strengthen the economic competitiveness of metropolitan regions. Our comparison of the metropolitan regions of Bern, Ottawa–Gatineau, The Hague, and Washington, D.C., reveals that vertical institutional fragmentation, together with high local tax autonomy, create an unlevel playing field, which prompts jurisdictions to behave fiercely in regional tax competition. These findings are troubling for secondary Capital cities given their propensity to be located in fragmented metropolitan regions and the Capital City‐specific local tax autonomy constraints imposed on them.
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Bern's positioning strategies: Escaping the fate of a secondary Capital City?
Cities, 2016Co-Authors: David Kaufmann, Martin Warland, Heike Mayer, Fritz SagerAbstract:Bern is a classic example of a so-called secondary Capital City, which is defined as a Capital City that is not the primary economic center of its nation. Such Capital cities feature a specific political economy characterized by a strong government presence in its regional economy and its local governance arrangements. Bern has been losing importance in the Swiss urban system over the past decades due to a stagnating economy, population decline and missed opportunities for regional cooperation. To re-position itself in the Swiss urban hierarchy, political leaders and policymakers established a non-profit organization called “Capital Region Switzerland” in 2010 arguing that a Capital City should not be measured by economic success only, but by its function as a political center where political decisions are negotiated and implemented. This City profile analyses Bern's strategy and discusses its ambitions and limitations in the context of the City's history, socio-economic and political conditions. We conclude that Bern's positioning strategy has so far been a political success, yet that there are severe limitations regarding advancing economic development. As a result, this re-positioning strategy is not able to address the fundamental economic development challenges that Bern faces as a secondary Capital City.
