The Experts below are selected from a list of 22785 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Alain Celzard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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structure degradation conservation and rearrangement in the Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannin furanic rigid foams a maldi tof investigation
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2008Co-Authors: Gianluca Tondi, Antonio Pizzi, Harald Pasch, Alain CelzardAbstract:Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannin–formaldehyde–furfuryl alcohol rigid foams yields a three-dimensional network in which polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon chains of high molecular weight are also covalently linked to some furan resin structures surviving Carbonisation. Structure conservation on carbonising extends to furanic structures derived by the self-condensation of furfuryl alcohol which are integral part of the total network. Some complex, three-dimensional structures derived by the rearrangement to polyaromatic hydrocarbons of polyflavonoid tannins, constituted of aromatic benzene and furan rings, and some formaldehyde-derived methylene bridges appear to be formed. The fragments observed are fragments of the continuous network formed and converted by Carbonisation. MALDI-TOF appears to be a suitable method for examining oligomer residues present in carbonised complex polycondensation polymer networks and it appears to be capable of determining aspects of the structure and characteristics of complex solids which are too difficult to determine by other techniques.
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Structure degradation, conservation and rearrangement in the Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannin/furanic rigid foams – A MALDI-TOF investigation
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2008Co-Authors: Gianluca Tondi, Antonio Pizzi, Harald Pasch, Alain CelzardAbstract:Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannin–formaldehyde–furfuryl alcohol rigid foams yields a three-dimensional network in which polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon chains of high molecular weight are also covalently linked to some furan resin structures surviving Carbonisation. Structure conservation on carbonising extends to furanic structures derived by the self-condensation of furfuryl alcohol which are integral part of the total network. Some complex, three-dimensional structures derived by the rearrangement to polyaromatic hydrocarbons of polyflavonoid tannins, constituted of aromatic benzene and furan rings, and some formaldehyde-derived methylene bridges appear to be formed. The fragments observed are fragments of the continuous network formed and converted by Carbonisation. MALDI-TOF appears to be a suitable method for examining oligomer residues present in carbonised complex polycondensation polymer networks and it appears to be capable of determining aspects of the structure and characteristics of complex solids which are too difficult to determine by other techniques.
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Structure degradation, conservation and rearrangement in the Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannin/furanic rigid foams - A MALDI-TOF investigation
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2008Co-Authors: Gianluca Tondi, Antonio Pizzi, Harald Pasch, Alain CelzardAbstract:Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannineformaldehydeefurfuryl alcohol rigid foams yields a three-dimensional network in which polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon chains of high molecular weight are also covalently linked to some furan resin structures surviving Carbonisation. Struc- ture conservation on carbonising extends to furanic structures derived by the self-condensation of furfuryl alcohol which are integral part of the total network. Some complex, three-dimensional structures derived by the rearrangement to polyaromatic hydrocarbons of polyflavonoid tannins, constituted of aromatic benzene and furan rings, and some formaldehyde-derived methylene bridges appear to be formed. The fragments observed are fragments of the continuous network formed and converted by Carbonisation. MALDI-TOF appears to be a suitable method for examining oligomer residues present in carbonised complex polycondensation polymer networks and it appears to be capable of determining aspects of the structure and characteristics of complex solids which are too difficult to determine by other techniques.
Ruhit Jyoti Konwar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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development of templated carbon by Carbonisation of sucrose zeolite composite for hydrogen storage
International Journal of Energy Research, 2015Co-Authors: Ruhit Jyoti KonwarAbstract:Summary The templated carbons were synthesised by Carbonisation of a zeolite–sucrose composite. The effects of Carbonisation temperature and dwelling time on the development of pore structure of templated carbon were investigated. Various characterisation techniques were employed to investigate the structural and topographical properties of template precursor as well as synthesised carbons. The highest total surface area of 1033 m2/g and micropore area of 647 m2/g were obtained for carbon synthesised at 750°C with 3 h dwelling time. It was observed that at lower Carbonisation temperature or dwelling time, the surface area and pore volume were lower, which may be attributed to incomplete Carbonisation of the sucrose. At higher Carbonisation temperature or dwelling time, the decrease in surface area and pore volume could be the result of collapse of the pore structure. Maximum 80% micropore area was observed for the templated carbons depending on the synthesis conditions. The hydrogen uptake of the templated carbons was measured by temperature-programmed desorption at 1 bar pressure and different subzero temperatures. The maximum uptake (0.30 wt%) was obtained at 1 bar and −100°C for templated carbon, having a surface area of 1033 m2/g, prepared at 750°C with 3 h dwelling time. This templated carbon had the highest total surface area as well as micropore area. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
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Development of templated carbon by Carbonisation of sucrose–zeolite composite for hydrogen storage
International Journal of Energy Research, 2014Co-Authors: Ruhit Jyoti KonwarAbstract:Summary The templated carbons were synthesised by Carbonisation of a zeolite–sucrose composite. The effects of Carbonisation temperature and dwelling time on the development of pore structure of templated carbon were investigated. Various characterisation techniques were employed to investigate the structural and topographical properties of template precursor as well as synthesised carbons. The highest total surface area of 1033 m2/g and micropore area of 647 m2/g were obtained for carbon synthesised at 750°C with 3 h dwelling time. It was observed that at lower Carbonisation temperature or dwelling time, the surface area and pore volume were lower, which may be attributed to incomplete Carbonisation of the sucrose. At higher Carbonisation temperature or dwelling time, the decrease in surface area and pore volume could be the result of collapse of the pore structure. Maximum 80% micropore area was observed for the templated carbons depending on the synthesis conditions. The hydrogen uptake of the templated carbons was measured by temperature-programmed desorption at 1 bar pressure and different subzero temperatures. The maximum uptake (0.30 wt%) was obtained at 1 bar and −100°C for templated carbon, having a surface area of 1033 m2/g, prepared at 750°C with 3 h dwelling time. This templated carbon had the highest total surface area as well as micropore area. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Gianluca Tondi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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structure degradation conservation and rearrangement in the Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannin furanic rigid foams a maldi tof investigation
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2008Co-Authors: Gianluca Tondi, Antonio Pizzi, Harald Pasch, Alain CelzardAbstract:Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannin–formaldehyde–furfuryl alcohol rigid foams yields a three-dimensional network in which polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon chains of high molecular weight are also covalently linked to some furan resin structures surviving Carbonisation. Structure conservation on carbonising extends to furanic structures derived by the self-condensation of furfuryl alcohol which are integral part of the total network. Some complex, three-dimensional structures derived by the rearrangement to polyaromatic hydrocarbons of polyflavonoid tannins, constituted of aromatic benzene and furan rings, and some formaldehyde-derived methylene bridges appear to be formed. The fragments observed are fragments of the continuous network formed and converted by Carbonisation. MALDI-TOF appears to be a suitable method for examining oligomer residues present in carbonised complex polycondensation polymer networks and it appears to be capable of determining aspects of the structure and characteristics of complex solids which are too difficult to determine by other techniques.
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Structure degradation, conservation and rearrangement in the Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannin/furanic rigid foams – A MALDI-TOF investigation
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2008Co-Authors: Gianluca Tondi, Antonio Pizzi, Harald Pasch, Alain CelzardAbstract:Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannin–formaldehyde–furfuryl alcohol rigid foams yields a three-dimensional network in which polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon chains of high molecular weight are also covalently linked to some furan resin structures surviving Carbonisation. Structure conservation on carbonising extends to furanic structures derived by the self-condensation of furfuryl alcohol which are integral part of the total network. Some complex, three-dimensional structures derived by the rearrangement to polyaromatic hydrocarbons of polyflavonoid tannins, constituted of aromatic benzene and furan rings, and some formaldehyde-derived methylene bridges appear to be formed. The fragments observed are fragments of the continuous network formed and converted by Carbonisation. MALDI-TOF appears to be a suitable method for examining oligomer residues present in carbonised complex polycondensation polymer networks and it appears to be capable of determining aspects of the structure and characteristics of complex solids which are too difficult to determine by other techniques.
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Structure degradation, conservation and rearrangement in the Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannin/furanic rigid foams - A MALDI-TOF investigation
Polymer Degradation and Stability, 2008Co-Authors: Gianluca Tondi, Antonio Pizzi, Harald Pasch, Alain CelzardAbstract:Carbonisation of polyflavonoid tannineformaldehydeefurfuryl alcohol rigid foams yields a three-dimensional network in which polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon chains of high molecular weight are also covalently linked to some furan resin structures surviving Carbonisation. Struc- ture conservation on carbonising extends to furanic structures derived by the self-condensation of furfuryl alcohol which are integral part of the total network. Some complex, three-dimensional structures derived by the rearrangement to polyaromatic hydrocarbons of polyflavonoid tannins, constituted of aromatic benzene and furan rings, and some formaldehyde-derived methylene bridges appear to be formed. The fragments observed are fragments of the continuous network formed and converted by Carbonisation. MALDI-TOF appears to be a suitable method for examining oligomer residues present in carbonised complex polycondensation polymer networks and it appears to be capable of determining aspects of the structure and characteristics of complex solids which are too difficult to determine by other techniques.
Aik Chong Lua - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Carbonisation atmosphere on the structural characteristics and transport properties of carbon membranes prepared from Kapton® polyimide
Journal of Membrane Science, 2007Co-Authors: Aik Chong LuaAbstract:Abstract Carbon membranes were prepared using Kapton® 100HN polyimide as the precursor. Carbonisations were carried out at 873 and 1073 K under argon, helium, nitrogen flow or vacuum atmosphere. The effects of Carbonisation atmosphere on the membrane structure and transport properties were studied. Weight losses during thermal degradation were obtained for different inert purging gases. The values of apparent activation energy for the pyrolysis carried out under argon, nitrogen and helium at a final temperature of 1073 K were 212.83, 175.72 and 117.51 kJ/mol, respectively. Carbonisation at 873 and 1073 K under each atmosphere decreased the d-spacing and the intensity ratio of the Raman D-peak to the G-peak for the resulting carbon membranes. At these two temperatures, helium pyrolysis produced the highest BET pore surface area, total pore volume and micropore volume. Carbonisation under vacuum atmosphere at 873 and 1073 K yielded the lowest gas permeances but the highest ideal selectivities of 9.37 and 17.76 for O2/N2, respectively, whilst Carbonisation under argon atmosphere produced the highest selectivities of 93.35 and 476.74 for CO2/CH4 for 873 and 1073 K, respectively.
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Influence of Carbonisation parameters on the transport properties of carbon membranes by statistical analysis
Journal of Membrane Science, 2005Co-Authors: Aik Chong LuaAbstract:Abstract A statistical two-level eight-run factorial design of experiment was used to evaluate the influence of various Carbonisation parameters on the transport properties of the carbon membranes prepared from Kapton ® 100HN polyimide. The effects of the Carbonisation atmosphere, the final temperature, the heating rate and the thermal soak time at the final temperature on the permeation rates of He, CO 2 , O 2 and N 2 were examined. Statistically significant Carbonisation parameters, including the main factors and the two-factor interactions of the selected factors, were studied by analysing the probability values. The results indicate that the Carbonisation temperature is the controlling parameter that will significantly affect the transport properties of the carbon membranes. The two-factor interactions also have some effects on the transport properties.
T. Sharma - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Carbonisation conditions on the yield and chemical composition of Acacia and Eucalyptus wood chars
Biomass and Bioenergy, 1992Co-Authors: Manoj Kumar, R.c. Gupta, T. SharmaAbstract:Acacia and Eucalyptus woods were carbonised in the temperature range 400–1200°C using two different heating-cooling cycles, viz. slow and rapid. The yield of chars and their chemical composition was found to be dependent on the Carbonisation temperature, heating rate, soaking time and wood species. The char yield gradually decreased with increase in Carbonisation temperature and the majority of volatilisation occurred up to 800°C. Slow Carbonisation resulted in higher char yield than rapid Carbonisation. The char yield from Eucalyptus wood samples was greater than from Acacia wood. The carbon content of Eucalyptus wood char was found to be a little higher than Acacia wood char produced under similar Carbonisation conditions, possibly due to relatively higher lignin content of Eucalyptus wood.
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Influence of Carbonisation temperature on the gasification of Acacia wood chars by carbon dioxide
Fuel Processing Technology, 1992Co-Authors: Manoj Kumar, R.c. Gupta, T. SharmaAbstract:Abstract Carbon dioxide gasification rates of various Acacia wood chars, prepared at temperatures in the range 400–1200°C, were measured thermogravimetrically at 810, 860, 900 and 960°C. The effects of char formation (i.e., Carbonisation) temperature, flow rate of CO 2 and reaction temperature on the rates were evaluated. Reactivity was determined from mass conversion data. Results indicate that the wood Carbonisation temperature had a notable influence on reactivity. With increasing char formation temperature the reactivity was reduced.