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Tien Yin Wong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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metabolic syndrome and risk of age related Cataract over time an analysis of interval censored data using a random effects model
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2013Co-Authors: Haleh Ghaem Maralani, Tien Yin Wong, Bee Choo Tai, Shyong E Tai, Jie Jin Wang, Paul MitchellAbstract:Purpose To investigate whether the effect of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components on the incidence of different Cataract subtypes (cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular Cataract [PSC]) change with time. Methods A prospective cohort of persons 49 years of age and older were followed over 10 years in the Blue Mountains Eye Study, west of Sydney, Australia. MetS components as defined by the International Diabetes Federation criteria were measured at baseline (1992-1994), after 5 years (1997-1999), and after 10 years (2002-2004). The incidence of different Cataract subtypes was obtained from standard photographic grading at these intervals (n = 1997). Using a random-effects complementary log-log regression model with time to Cataract development in discrete time interval, we estimated the effect of MetS and its components on the incidence of different Cataract subtypes at different time intervals. Results After accounting for changes in MetS components over time and controlling for possible confounders, MetS was found to be associated with an increased 5-year incidence of cortical Cataract (hazard ratio [HR] 1.48; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.05-2.09) and PSC Cataract (HR 1.75; 95% CI, 1.01-3.04). Among the five MetS components, high glucose and obesity predicted an increased 5-year incidence of cortical Cataract. In addition, low high-density lipoprotein and high glucose were associated with an increased 10-year incidence of cortical and PSC Cataracts, respectively. Conclusions Changes in MetS predicted the 5-year incidence of cortical and PSC Cataracts. Different MetS components predicted the incidence of cortical and PSC Cataracts at varying time intervals.
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the impact of Cataract Cataract types and Cataract grades on vision specific functioning using rasch analysis
American Journal of Ophthalmology, 2012Co-Authors: Merwyn Chew, Tien Yin Wong, Peggy Peichia Chiang, Yingfeng Zheng, Raghavan Lavanya, Seangmei Saw, Ecosse L LamoureuxAbstract:Purpose To determine the impact of Cataracts and their types and grades on vision-specific functioning. Design Prospective population-based cross-sectional study. Methods The Singapore Indian Eye Study examined 3400 of 4497 (75.6% response rate) ethnic Indians 40 years of age and older living in Singapore. Three thousand one hundred sixty-eight (93.2%) fulfilled inclusion criteria with complete information for final analysis. Cataracts were assessed on slit-lamp examination and were graded according to the Lens Opacity Classification System III. Vision-specific functioning scores were explored with the Visual Function scale, validated using Rasch analysis. Results Two hundred sixty-nine (8.5%) and 740 (23.4%) of the study participants had unilateral and bilateral Cataracts, respectively, and 329 (10.4%), 800 (25.2%), and 128 (4.1%) participants had nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular (PSC) Cataracts, respectively. In multivariate linear regression models, the presence of bilateral rather than unilateral Cataract (β = −0.12; 95% confidence interval, −0.20 to 0.00) was associated independently with poorer vision-specific functioning, even after adjusting for undercorrected refractive error (β = −0.11; 95% confidence interval, −0.21 to 0.00). Bilateral nuclear, cortical, and PSC Cataracts also were associated with poorer vision-specific functioning (β = −0.31, −0.15, and −1.15, respectively), with combinations of them having even greater impact. Significantly poorer vision-specific functioning occurred at Lens Opacity Classification System grades 4 (nuclear opalescence), 5 (nuclear color), 3 (cortical), and 1 (PSC) or higher. Conclusions People with bilateral but not unilateral Cataracts experience difficulty with performing vision-specific daily activities independent of refractive error, with PSC Cataracts and Cataract combinations having the greatest impact. Cataract types cause poorer vision-specific functioning beginning at different severity grades.
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risk factors for nuclear cortical and posterior subcapsular Cataracts in the chinese population of singapore the tanjong pagar survey
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2003Co-Authors: Paul J Foster, Tien Yin Wong, David Machin, Gordon J Johnson, Steve K L SeahAbstract:Aim: To describe risk factors for nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular (PSC) Cataracts in Chinese Singaporeans. Methods: A population based cross sectional study was carried out on ethnic Chinese men and women aged 40–81 years. A stratified, clustered, disproportionate (more weights to older people), random sampling procedure was used to initially select 2000 Chinese names of those aged 40–79 years from the 1996 electoral register in the Tanjong Pagar district in Singapore. Eligible subjects (n = 1717) were invited for a standardised ocular examination and interview at a centralised clinic, following which an abbreviated examination was conducted for non-respondents in their homes. Cataract was graded clinically using to the Lens Opacity Classification System (LOCS) III system. The main outcome measures were adjusted odds ratio for risk factors for specific Cataract types (nuclear, cortical and PSC), any Cataract and Cataract surgery, examined in multiple logistic regression models. Results: Out of the 1232 (71.8%) examined, 1206 (70.2%) provided lens data for this analysis. Increasing age was associated with all Cataract types, any Cataract, and Cataract surgery. There was no significant sex difference in presence of any Cataract, specific Cataract types or Cataract surgery. After controlling for age, sex, and other factors, diabetes was associated with cortical Cataract (3.1; 95% CI: 1.6 to 6.1), PSC Cataract (2.2; 95% CI 1.2 to 4.1), any Cataract (2.0; 95% CI: 0.9 to 4.5), and Cataract surgery (2.3; 95% CI: 1.3 to 4.1). Lower body mass index was associated with cortical Cataract (1.8; 95% CI: 1.1 to 2.9; lowest versus highest quintile) and any Cataract (2.3; 95% CI: 1.3 to 4.0). Current cigarette smoking was associated with nuclear Cataract (1.7, 95% CI: 1.0 to 2.9; more than 10 cigarettes per day versus none). A non-professional occupation was associated with nuclear Cataract (2.9; 95% CI: 1.5 to 5.8; for production or machine operators and 2.6; 95% CI: 1.2 to 5.5; for labourers or agricultural workers, both versus professionals). Lower education was associated with nuclear Cataract (2.3; 95% CI: 1.0 to 5.2, none versus tertiary), while lower household income was associated with PSC Cataract (4.7, 95% CI: 1.1 to 20.0; income S$4000). Conclusions: Age related Cataracts are associated with a variety of risk factors among Chinese people in Singapore, similar to those reported in European, Indian, and African derived populations. These data support common aetiological mechanisms for age related Cataracts, irrespective of ethnic origin.
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Relation of ocular trauma to cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts: the Beaver Dam Eye Study
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2002Co-Authors: Tien Yin Wong, B. E. K. Klein, Ronald Klein, Sandra C. TomanyAbstract:Background: The consequences of minor ocular trauma in the general population are unclear. The relation of self reported ocular trauma to cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts is described in a defined population. Methods: Population based, cross sectional study involving all people aged 43 to 86 years, living in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin (n=4926). Ocular trauma was ascertained by interview and Cataract was graded from lens photographs. The relation of ocular trauma to cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts was examined. Results: People with a history of ocular trauma were more likely to have cortical (odds ratio (OR): 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0 to 2.2) and posterior subcapsular (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0 to 3.1) Cataracts, compared to people without a history of trauma. These associations were stronger for people with previous trauma caused by a blunt object (OR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.6 to 6.9 for cortical Cataract, and OR: 4.1; 95% CI: 1.5 to 10.8 for posterior subcapsular Cataracts). However, in analyses comparing the frequencies of Cataract between traumatised and non-traumatised eyes among people with unilateral ocular trauma, the ocular trauma association for cortical Cataract was no longer present, although the association for posterior subcapsular Cataract persisted (OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 0.8 to 7.8). Conclusion: The data provide evidence of a possible association between self reported ocular trauma and posterior subcapsular Cataract.
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refractive errors and incident Cataracts the beaver dam eye study
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2001Co-Authors: Ronald Klein, Sandra C. Tomany, Tien Yin Wong, Barbara E K Klein, Kristine E LeeAbstract:PURPOSE. To describe the relation between refractive errors and incident age-related Cataracts in a predominantly white US population. METHODS. All persons aged 43 to 84 years of age in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, were invited for a baseline examination from 1988 through 1990 and a follow-up examination 5 years later from 1993 through 1995. At both examinations, participants had refraction and photographic assessment of Cataract, according to a standardized protocol. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent of - 1.0 diopters (D) or less, hyperopia as + 1.0 D or more. The relations between refractive errors at baseline and Cataract at baseline (prevalent Cataract), 5-year incident Cataract, and incident Cataract surgery were analyzed by using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS. When age and gender were controlled for, myopia was related to prevalent nuclear Cataract (odds ratio [OR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-2.27), but not to cortical and posterior subcapsular Cataracts. Myopia was not related to 5-year incident nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts, but was related to incident Cataract surgery (OR 1.89; CI 1.18-3.04). Hyperopia was related to incident nuclear (OR 1.56; CI 1.25-1.95) and possibly cortical (()R 1.25; CI 0.96-1.63) Cataracts, but not to posterior subcapsular Cataract or Cataract surgery. After further adjustment for diabetes, smoking, and education, the association between myopia and incident Cataract surgery was attenuated (OR 1.60 CI 0.96-2.64), but the associations between hyperopia and incident nuclear and cortical Cataracts were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS. These data support the cross-sectional association between myopia and nuclear Cataract seen in other population-based studies, but provide no evidence of a relationship between myopia and 5-year incident Cataract. Hyperopia may be related weakly to incident nuclear and cortical Cataract.
Kristine E Lee - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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refractive errors and incident Cataracts the beaver dam eye study
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2001Co-Authors: Ronald Klein, Sandra C. Tomany, Tien Yin Wong, Barbara E K Klein, Kristine E LeeAbstract:PURPOSE. To describe the relation between refractive errors and incident age-related Cataracts in a predominantly white US population. METHODS. All persons aged 43 to 84 years of age in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, were invited for a baseline examination from 1988 through 1990 and a follow-up examination 5 years later from 1993 through 1995. At both examinations, participants had refraction and photographic assessment of Cataract, according to a standardized protocol. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent of - 1.0 diopters (D) or less, hyperopia as + 1.0 D or more. The relations between refractive errors at baseline and Cataract at baseline (prevalent Cataract), 5-year incident Cataract, and incident Cataract surgery were analyzed by using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS. When age and gender were controlled for, myopia was related to prevalent nuclear Cataract (odds ratio [OR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-2.27), but not to cortical and posterior subcapsular Cataracts. Myopia was not related to 5-year incident nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts, but was related to incident Cataract surgery (OR 1.89; CI 1.18-3.04). Hyperopia was related to incident nuclear (OR 1.56; CI 1.25-1.95) and possibly cortical (()R 1.25; CI 0.96-1.63) Cataracts, but not to posterior subcapsular Cataract or Cataract surgery. After further adjustment for diabetes, smoking, and education, the association between myopia and incident Cataract surgery was attenuated (OR 1.60 CI 0.96-2.64), but the associations between hyperopia and incident nuclear and cortical Cataracts were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS. These data support the cross-sectional association between myopia and nuclear Cataract seen in other population-based studies, but provide no evidence of a relationship between myopia and 5-year incident Cataract. Hyperopia may be related weakly to incident nuclear and cortical Cataract.
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diabetes cardiovascular disease selected cardiovascular disease risk factors and the 5 year incidence of age related Cataract and progression of lens opacities the beaver dam eye study
American Journal of Ophthalmology, 1998Co-Authors: Barbara E K Klein, Ronald Klein, Kristine E LeeAbstract:PURPOSE: To describe the relationships of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and selected cardiovascular disease risk factors to cumulative incidence of age-related Cataract and to progression of lens opacities over a 5-year interval. METHODS: A follow-up examination of the Beaver Dam Eye Study cohort was performed 5 years after the baseline evaluation. Ages at the census prior to baseline ranged from 43 to 84 years of age. Protocols for examination, lens photography, and grading were the same for both examinations. RESULTS: Age at baseline was the most significant characteristic associated with incidence of nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular Cataract in those without diabetes (P < .001) for all Cataracts. The positive association of age with Cataract was found for nuclear and cortical Cataract in the worse eye (P ≤ .04) but not posterior subcapsular Cataract in those with diabetes. Progression of nuclear sclerosis was common, occurring in about 70% of subjects when considering either eye. Incident cortical and posterior subcapsular Cataracts (P ≤ .001 for worse eye for each lesion) and progression of cortical and posterior subcapsular opacities were more common in those with diabetes (P ≤ .001 for either eye for each lesion). Increased glycated hemoglobin level was associated with increased risk of nuclear and cortical Cataracts in those with diabetes. Relationships of risk factors to posterior subcapsular Cataracts, especially among those with diabetes, were often in the expected direction but lacked significance possibly due to small samples. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes mellitus is associated with incidence over 5 years of cortical and posterior subcapsular Cataract and with progression of more minor cortical and posterior subcapsular lens opacities. These changes may be related to level of glycemia. Cardiovascular disease and its risk factors have little effect on incidence of any age-related Cataract.
Ronald Klein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relation of ocular trauma to cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts: the Beaver Dam Eye Study
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2002Co-Authors: Tien Yin Wong, B. E. K. Klein, Ronald Klein, Sandra C. TomanyAbstract:Background: The consequences of minor ocular trauma in the general population are unclear. The relation of self reported ocular trauma to cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts is described in a defined population. Methods: Population based, cross sectional study involving all people aged 43 to 86 years, living in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin (n=4926). Ocular trauma was ascertained by interview and Cataract was graded from lens photographs. The relation of ocular trauma to cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts was examined. Results: People with a history of ocular trauma were more likely to have cortical (odds ratio (OR): 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0 to 2.2) and posterior subcapsular (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0 to 3.1) Cataracts, compared to people without a history of trauma. These associations were stronger for people with previous trauma caused by a blunt object (OR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.6 to 6.9 for cortical Cataract, and OR: 4.1; 95% CI: 1.5 to 10.8 for posterior subcapsular Cataracts). However, in analyses comparing the frequencies of Cataract between traumatised and non-traumatised eyes among people with unilateral ocular trauma, the ocular trauma association for cortical Cataract was no longer present, although the association for posterior subcapsular Cataract persisted (OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 0.8 to 7.8). Conclusion: The data provide evidence of a possible association between self reported ocular trauma and posterior subcapsular Cataract.
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refractive errors and incident Cataracts the beaver dam eye study
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2001Co-Authors: Ronald Klein, Sandra C. Tomany, Tien Yin Wong, Barbara E K Klein, Kristine E LeeAbstract:PURPOSE. To describe the relation between refractive errors and incident age-related Cataracts in a predominantly white US population. METHODS. All persons aged 43 to 84 years of age in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, were invited for a baseline examination from 1988 through 1990 and a follow-up examination 5 years later from 1993 through 1995. At both examinations, participants had refraction and photographic assessment of Cataract, according to a standardized protocol. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent of - 1.0 diopters (D) or less, hyperopia as + 1.0 D or more. The relations between refractive errors at baseline and Cataract at baseline (prevalent Cataract), 5-year incident Cataract, and incident Cataract surgery were analyzed by using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS. When age and gender were controlled for, myopia was related to prevalent nuclear Cataract (odds ratio [OR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-2.27), but not to cortical and posterior subcapsular Cataracts. Myopia was not related to 5-year incident nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts, but was related to incident Cataract surgery (OR 1.89; CI 1.18-3.04). Hyperopia was related to incident nuclear (OR 1.56; CI 1.25-1.95) and possibly cortical (()R 1.25; CI 0.96-1.63) Cataracts, but not to posterior subcapsular Cataract or Cataract surgery. After further adjustment for diabetes, smoking, and education, the association between myopia and incident Cataract surgery was attenuated (OR 1.60 CI 0.96-2.64), but the associations between hyperopia and incident nuclear and cortical Cataracts were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS. These data support the cross-sectional association between myopia and nuclear Cataract seen in other population-based studies, but provide no evidence of a relationship between myopia and 5-year incident Cataract. Hyperopia may be related weakly to incident nuclear and cortical Cataract.
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diabetes cardiovascular disease selected cardiovascular disease risk factors and the 5 year incidence of age related Cataract and progression of lens opacities the beaver dam eye study
American Journal of Ophthalmology, 1998Co-Authors: Barbara E K Klein, Ronald Klein, Kristine E LeeAbstract:PURPOSE: To describe the relationships of diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease, and selected cardiovascular disease risk factors to cumulative incidence of age-related Cataract and to progression of lens opacities over a 5-year interval. METHODS: A follow-up examination of the Beaver Dam Eye Study cohort was performed 5 years after the baseline evaluation. Ages at the census prior to baseline ranged from 43 to 84 years of age. Protocols for examination, lens photography, and grading were the same for both examinations. RESULTS: Age at baseline was the most significant characteristic associated with incidence of nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular Cataract in those without diabetes (P < .001) for all Cataracts. The positive association of age with Cataract was found for nuclear and cortical Cataract in the worse eye (P ≤ .04) but not posterior subcapsular Cataract in those with diabetes. Progression of nuclear sclerosis was common, occurring in about 70% of subjects when considering either eye. Incident cortical and posterior subcapsular Cataracts (P ≤ .001 for worse eye for each lesion) and progression of cortical and posterior subcapsular opacities were more common in those with diabetes (P ≤ .001 for either eye for each lesion). Increased glycated hemoglobin level was associated with increased risk of nuclear and cortical Cataracts in those with diabetes. Relationships of risk factors to posterior subcapsular Cataracts, especially among those with diabetes, were often in the expected direction but lacked significance possibly due to small samples. CONCLUSIONS: Diabetes mellitus is associated with incidence over 5 years of cortical and posterior subcapsular Cataract and with progression of more minor cortical and posterior subcapsular lens opacities. These changes may be related to level of glycemia. Cardiovascular disease and its risk factors have little effect on incidence of any age-related Cataract.
Xiaohua Gong - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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cp49 and filensin intermediate filaments are essential for formation of cold Cataract
Molecular Vision, 2020Co-Authors: Xi Liu, Paul G Fitzgerald, Chunhong Xia, Jessica Wang, Xiaohua GongAbstract:Author(s): Li, Yuxing; Liu, Xi; Xia, Chun-Hong; FitzGerald, Paul G; Li, Rachel; Wang, Jessica; Gong, Xiaohua | Abstract: PurposeTo investigate the molecular and cellular mechanisms of Cataract induced by cold temperatures in young lenses of wild-type C57BL/6J (B6), wild-type 129SvJae (129), and filensin knockout (KO) mice. To determine how lens intermediate filament proteins, filensin (BFSP1) and CP49 (BFSP2), are involved in the formation of cold Cataract.MethodsThe formation of cold Cataract was examined in enucleated lenses at different temperatures and was imaged under a dissecting microscope. Lens vibratome sections were prepared, immunostained with different antibodies and fluorescent probes, and then imaged with a laser confocal microscope to evaluate the protein distribution and the membrane and cytoskeleton structures in the lens fibers.ResultsPostnatal day 14 (P14) wild-type B6 lenses showed Cataracts dependent on cold temperatures in interior fibers about 420-875 µm (zone III) and 245-875 µm (zone II and zone III) from the lens surface, under 25 °C and 4 °C, respectively. In contrast, wild-type 129 (with CP49 gene deletion) and filensin KO (on the B6 background) lenses did not have cold Cataracts at 25 °C but displayed a reduced cold Cataract, especially in zone III, at 4 °C. Immunofluorescent staining data revealed that CP49 and filensin proteins were uniformly distributed in fiber cell cytosols without cold Cataracts but accumulated or aggregated in the cell boundaries of the fibers where cold Cataracts appeared.ConclusionsCP49 and filensin are important components for the formation of cold Cataract in young B6 mouse lenses. Accumulated or aggregated CP49 and filensin beaded intermediate filaments in fiber cell boundaries might directly or indirectly contribute to the light scattering of cold Cataract. Cold Cataract in zone II is independent of beaded intermediate filaments. CP49 and filensin intermediate filaments and other lens proteins probably form distinct high molecular organizations to regulate lens transparency in interior fibers.
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targeted exome sequencing of congenital Cataracts related genes broadening the mutation spectrum and genotype phenotype correlations in 27 chinese han families
Scientific Reports, 2017Co-Authors: Yi Zhai, Xiaohua Gong, Sha Zhu, Guizhen Sun, Ke YaoAbstract:Congenital Cataract is the most frequent inherited ocular disorder and the most leading cause of lifelong visual loss. The screening of pathogenic mutations can be very challenging in some cases, for congenital Cataracts are clinically and genetically heterogeneous diseases. The aim of this study is to investigate the mutation spectrum and frequency of 54 cartaract-associated genes in 27 Chinese families with congenital Cataracts. Variants in 54 Cataract-associated genes were screened by targeted next-generation sequencing (NGS) and then validated by Sanger sequencing. We identified pathogenic variants in 62.96% (17/27) of families, and over 52.94% (9/17) of these variants were novel. Among them, three are splicing site mutations, four are nonsense mutations, seven are missense mutations, two are frame shift mutations and one is intronic mutation. This included identification of: complex ocular phenotypes due to two novel PAX6 mutations; progressive cortical Cataract and lamellar Cataract with lens subluxation due to two novel CRYGS mutations. Mutations were also found in rarely reported genes including CRYBA4, CRYBA2, BFSP1, VIM, HSF4, and EZR. Our study expands the mutation spectrum and frequency of genes responsible for congenital Cataracts. Targeted next-generation sequencing in inherited congenital Cataract patients provided significant diagnostic information.
Sandra C. Tomany - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Relation of ocular trauma to cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts: the Beaver Dam Eye Study
British Journal of Ophthalmology, 2002Co-Authors: Tien Yin Wong, B. E. K. Klein, Ronald Klein, Sandra C. TomanyAbstract:Background: The consequences of minor ocular trauma in the general population are unclear. The relation of self reported ocular trauma to cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts is described in a defined population. Methods: Population based, cross sectional study involving all people aged 43 to 86 years, living in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin (n=4926). Ocular trauma was ascertained by interview and Cataract was graded from lens photographs. The relation of ocular trauma to cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts was examined. Results: People with a history of ocular trauma were more likely to have cortical (odds ratio (OR): 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.0 to 2.2) and posterior subcapsular (OR: 1.7; 95% CI: 1.0 to 3.1) Cataracts, compared to people without a history of trauma. These associations were stronger for people with previous trauma caused by a blunt object (OR: 3.3; 95% CI: 1.6 to 6.9 for cortical Cataract, and OR: 4.1; 95% CI: 1.5 to 10.8 for posterior subcapsular Cataracts). However, in analyses comparing the frequencies of Cataract between traumatised and non-traumatised eyes among people with unilateral ocular trauma, the ocular trauma association for cortical Cataract was no longer present, although the association for posterior subcapsular Cataract persisted (OR: 2.4; 95% CI: 0.8 to 7.8). Conclusion: The data provide evidence of a possible association between self reported ocular trauma and posterior subcapsular Cataract.
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refractive errors and incident Cataracts the beaver dam eye study
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science, 2001Co-Authors: Ronald Klein, Sandra C. Tomany, Tien Yin Wong, Barbara E K Klein, Kristine E LeeAbstract:PURPOSE. To describe the relation between refractive errors and incident age-related Cataracts in a predominantly white US population. METHODS. All persons aged 43 to 84 years of age in Beaver Dam, Wisconsin, were invited for a baseline examination from 1988 through 1990 and a follow-up examination 5 years later from 1993 through 1995. At both examinations, participants had refraction and photographic assessment of Cataract, according to a standardized protocol. Myopia was defined as a spherical equivalent of - 1.0 diopters (D) or less, hyperopia as + 1.0 D or more. The relations between refractive errors at baseline and Cataract at baseline (prevalent Cataract), 5-year incident Cataract, and incident Cataract surgery were analyzed by using generalized estimating equations. RESULTS. When age and gender were controlled for, myopia was related to prevalent nuclear Cataract (odds ratio [OR], 1.67; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.23-2.27), but not to cortical and posterior subcapsular Cataracts. Myopia was not related to 5-year incident nuclear, cortical, and posterior subcapsular Cataracts, but was related to incident Cataract surgery (OR 1.89; CI 1.18-3.04). Hyperopia was related to incident nuclear (OR 1.56; CI 1.25-1.95) and possibly cortical (()R 1.25; CI 0.96-1.63) Cataracts, but not to posterior subcapsular Cataract or Cataract surgery. After further adjustment for diabetes, smoking, and education, the association between myopia and incident Cataract surgery was attenuated (OR 1.60 CI 0.96-2.64), but the associations between hyperopia and incident nuclear and cortical Cataracts were unchanged. CONCLUSIONS. These data support the cross-sectional association between myopia and nuclear Cataract seen in other population-based studies, but provide no evidence of a relationship between myopia and 5-year incident Cataract. Hyperopia may be related weakly to incident nuclear and cortical Cataract.
