The Experts below are selected from a list of 315 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Aart De Zeeuw - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
climate tipping and economic growth precautionary capital and the price of carbon
Journal of the European Economic Association, 2018Co-Authors: Frederick Van Der Ploeg, Aart De ZeeuwAbstract:The optimal reaction to a productivity shock which becomes more imminent with global warming is to price carbon (proportional to the marginal hazard of a Catastrophe) to curb the risk of climate change, but also to accumulate precautionary capital to facilitate smoothing of consumption and curb the adverse effects of the calamity on the economy. We allow for conventional marginal climate damages as well and decompose the optimal carbon price in two Catastrophe components and a conventional component. Moreover, the producivity Catastrophe is compared with recoverable Catastrophes and with a shock to the temperature response.
Frederick Van Der Ploeg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
climate tipping and economic growth precautionary capital and the price of carbon
Journal of the European Economic Association, 2018Co-Authors: Frederick Van Der Ploeg, Aart De ZeeuwAbstract:The optimal reaction to a productivity shock which becomes more imminent with global warming is to price carbon (proportional to the marginal hazard of a Catastrophe) to curb the risk of climate change, but also to accumulate precautionary capital to facilitate smoothing of consumption and curb the adverse effects of the calamity on the economy. We allow for conventional marginal climate damages as well and decompose the optimal carbon price in two Catastrophe components and a conventional component. Moreover, the producivity Catastrophe is compared with recoverable Catastrophes and with a shock to the temperature response.
-
climate tipping and economic growth precautionary saving and the social cost of carbon
2014Co-Authors: Aart J De Zeeuw, Frederick Van Der PloegAbstract:The optimal reaction to a pending productivity shock of which the expected arrival time increases with global warming is to accumulate more precautionary capital to smooth consumption and to levy a carbon tax, proportional to the marginal hazard of a Catastrophe, to curb the risk of climate change. The carbon tax holds down the stock of greenhouse gases, so that the risk of Catastrophe decreases and less precautionary saving is needed. We also allow for conventional marginal climate damages and decompose the optimal carbon tax in two Catastrophe components and a conventional Pigouvian component. Further, the productivity Catastrophe is compared with recoverable Catastrophes and with a Catastrophe shock to the temperature response. Finally, the trade-off between adaptation capital and capital used for production is analyzed.
Ciaran G. Morrison - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
involvement of centrosome amplification in radiation induced mitotic Catastrophe
Cell Cycle, 2007Co-Authors: Helen Dodson, Sally P Wheatley, Ciaran G. MorrisonAbstract:Cells exposed to ionising radiation die via different mechanisms, including apoptosis and mitotic Catastrophe. To determine the frequency of mitotic Catastrophe in tumour cells after irradiation, we used timelapse imaging to track centrin-1 and histone H2B in U2OS osteosarcoma cells. We observed a dose-dependent increase in the frequency of mitotic Catastrophe after irradiation, although a consistent 30% of cell death occurred through mitotic failure at doses from 2- 10 Gy. One potential cause of mitotic Catastrophe is centrosome amplification, which is induced by irradiation, and which can result in the formation of multipolar mitotic spindles. Up to 60% of mitotic Catastrophes occurred in cells with >2 centrosomes after irradiation. We observed multipolar mitoses in p53+ and p53- tumour cells after irradiation and found that the spindle assembly checkpoint is active in multipolar mitotic cells. However, we did not detect active caspase-3 in multipolar mitoses. These data demonstrate that a significant p...
Sophie Pinel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Radiation-Induced Mitotic Catastrophe Enhanced by Gold Nanoparticles: Assessment with a Specific Automated Image Processing Workflow.
Radiation Research, 2019Co-Authors: Héna Paquot, Joël Daouk, Paul Rétif, Muriel Barberi-heyob, Alicia Chateau, Sophie PinelAbstract:In recent years, the use of gold-based nanoparticles in radiotherapy has been extensively studied, and the associated radiosensitization mechanism has been evaluated in a variety of in vitro studies. Given that mitotic Catastrophe is widely involved in radiation-induced cell death, we evaluated the effect of gold nanoparticles on this key event. Most of the methods currently used to visualize and quantify morphological changes and multinucleation are manual. To circumvent this time-consuming step, we developed and optimized an image processing workflow (based on freely accessible software and plugins) for the automated quantification of mitotic Catastrophes. We validated this approach in three cell lines by comparing the number of radiation-induced mitotic Catastrophes detected using the automated and manual methods in the presence and absence of nanoparticles. With the Bland-Altman analysis, the automated and manual counting methods were found to be fully interchangeable. The ultimate goal of this work was to determine whether mitotic Catastrophe was critically involved in radiationinduced cell death after prior exposure to gold nanoparticles. In the radioresistant U87 cell line, exposure to gold nanoparticles was associated with a shorter time course for the events related to mitotic Catastrophe, which peaked at 96 h postirradiation. Mitotic Catastrophe was dose-dependent in both the presence and absence of gold nanoparticles. These results demonstrate that cell exposure to gold nanoparticles led to an increase in mitotic Catastrophe events, and confirm the marked radiosensitizing effect observed in clonogenic assays.
Amelia Giuseppina Nobile - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
a continuous time ehrenfest model with Catastrophes and its jump diffusion approximation
Journal of Statistical Physics, 2015Co-Authors: Selvamuthu Dharmaraja, Antonio Di Crescenzo, Virginia Giorno, Amelia Giuseppina NobileAbstract:We consider a continuous-time Ehrenfest model defined over the integers from \(-N\) to N, and subject to Catastrophes occurring at constant rate. The effect of each Catastrophe istantaneously resets the process to state 0. We investigate both the transient and steady-state probabilities of the above model. Further, the first passage time through state 0 is discussed. We perform a jump-diffusion approximation of the above model, which leads to the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process with Catastrophes. The underlying jump-diffusion process is finally studied, with special attention to the symmetric case arising when the Ehrenfest model has equal upward and downward transition rates.
-
on some time non homogeneous queueing systems with Catastrophes
Applied Mathematics and Computation, 2014Co-Authors: Virginia Giorno, Amelia Giuseppina Nobile, Serena SpinaAbstract:Computations for non-homogeneous birth-and-death processes with Catastrophes.Applications to queueing and population dynamics problems.Effect of the periodicity of the rates on the performance of systems with Catastrophes. Non-stationary queueing systems subject to Catastrophes occurring with time varying intensity are considered. The effect of a Catastrophe is to make the queue instantly empty. The transition probabilities, the related moments and the first visit time density to zero state are analyzed. Particular attention is dedicated to queueing systems in the presence of Catastrophes with periodic intensity function. Various applications are provided, including the non-stationary birth-death process with immigration, the queueing systems M ( t ) / M ( t ) / 1 and M ( t ) / M ( t ) / ∞ .