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Monica Guevara - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Pau Sort, Miquel Navasa, Vicente Arroyo, Xavier Aldeguer, R Planas, Luis Ruizdelarbol, Lluis Castells, Victor Vargas, German Soriano, Monica GuevaraAbstract:Background In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, renal function frequently becomes impaired. This impairment is probably related to a reduction in effective arterial blood volume and is associated with a high mortality rate. We conducted a study to determine whether plasma volume expansion with intravenous albumin prevents renal impairment and reduces mortality in these patients. Methods We randomly assigned 126 patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to treatment with intravenous Cefotaxime (63 patients) or Cefotaxime and intravenous albumin (63 patients). Cefotaxime was given daily in doses that varied according to the serum creatinine level, and albumin was given at a dose of 1.5 g per kilogram of body weight at the time of diagnosis, followed by 1 g per kilogram on day 3. Renal impairment was defined as nonreversible deterioration of renal function during hospitalization. Results The infection resolved in 59 patients in the Cefotaxime group (94 percent) and 62 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (98 percent) (P=0.36). Renal impairment developed in 21 patients in the Cefotaxime group (33 percent) and 6 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (10 percent) (P=0.002). Eighteen patients (29 percent) in the Cefotaxime group died in the hospital, as compared with 6 (10 percent) in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (P=0.01); at three months, the mortality rates were 41 percent (a total of 26 deaths) and 22 percent (a total of 14 deaths), respectively (P=0.03). Patients treated with Cefotaxime had higher levels of plasma renin activity than those treated with Cefotaxime and albumin; patients with renal impairment had the highest values. Conclusions In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, treatment with intravenous albumin in addition to an antibiotic reduces the incidence of renal impairment and death in comparison with treatment with an antibiotic alone. (N Engl J Med 1999;341:403-9.)
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effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Pau Sort, Miquel Navasa, Vicente Arroyo, Xavier Aldeguer, R Planas, Luis Ruizdelarbol, Lluis Castells, Victor Vargas, German Soriano, Monica GuevaraAbstract:Background In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, renal function frequently becomes impaired. This impairment is probably related to a reduction in effective arterial blood volume and is associated with a high mortality rate. We conducted a study to determine whether plasma volume expansion with intravenous albumin prevents renal impairment and reduces mortality in these patients. Methods We randomly assigned 126 patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to treatment with intravenous Cefotaxime (63 patients) or Cefotaxime and intravenous albumin (63 patients). Cefotaxime was given daily in doses that varied according to the serum creatinine level, and albumin was given at a dose of 1.5 g per kilogram of body weight at the time of diagnosis, followed by 1 g per kilogram on day 3. Renal impairment was defined as nonreversible deterioration of renal function during hospitalization. Results The infection resolved in 59 patients in the Cefotaxime group (94 percent) and 62 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (98 percent) (P=0.36). Renal impairment developed in 21 patients in the Cefotaxime group (33 percent) and 6 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (10 percent) (P=0.002). Eighteen patients (29 percent) in the Cefotaxime group died in the hospital, as compared with 6 (10 percent) in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (P=0.01); at three months, the mortality rates were 41 percent (a total of 26 deaths) and 22 percent (a total of 14 deaths), respectively (P=0.03). Patients treated with Cefotaxime had higher levels of plasma renin activity than those treated with Cefotaxime and albumin; patients with renal impairment had the highest values. Conclusions In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, treatment with intravenous albumin in addition to an antibiotic reduces the incidence of renal impairment and death in comparison with treatment with an antibiotic alone. (N Engl J Med 1999;341:403-9.)
Pau Sort - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Pau Sort, Miquel Navasa, Vicente Arroyo, Xavier Aldeguer, R Planas, Luis Ruizdelarbol, Lluis Castells, Victor Vargas, German Soriano, Monica GuevaraAbstract:Background In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, renal function frequently becomes impaired. This impairment is probably related to a reduction in effective arterial blood volume and is associated with a high mortality rate. We conducted a study to determine whether plasma volume expansion with intravenous albumin prevents renal impairment and reduces mortality in these patients. Methods We randomly assigned 126 patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to treatment with intravenous Cefotaxime (63 patients) or Cefotaxime and intravenous albumin (63 patients). Cefotaxime was given daily in doses that varied according to the serum creatinine level, and albumin was given at a dose of 1.5 g per kilogram of body weight at the time of diagnosis, followed by 1 g per kilogram on day 3. Renal impairment was defined as nonreversible deterioration of renal function during hospitalization. Results The infection resolved in 59 patients in the Cefotaxime group (94 percent) and 62 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (98 percent) (P=0.36). Renal impairment developed in 21 patients in the Cefotaxime group (33 percent) and 6 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (10 percent) (P=0.002). Eighteen patients (29 percent) in the Cefotaxime group died in the hospital, as compared with 6 (10 percent) in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (P=0.01); at three months, the mortality rates were 41 percent (a total of 26 deaths) and 22 percent (a total of 14 deaths), respectively (P=0.03). Patients treated with Cefotaxime had higher levels of plasma renin activity than those treated with Cefotaxime and albumin; patients with renal impairment had the highest values. Conclusions In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, treatment with intravenous albumin in addition to an antibiotic reduces the incidence of renal impairment and death in comparison with treatment with an antibiotic alone. (N Engl J Med 1999;341:403-9.)
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effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Pau Sort, Miquel Navasa, Vicente Arroyo, Xavier Aldeguer, R Planas, Luis Ruizdelarbol, Lluis Castells, Victor Vargas, German Soriano, Monica GuevaraAbstract:Background In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, renal function frequently becomes impaired. This impairment is probably related to a reduction in effective arterial blood volume and is associated with a high mortality rate. We conducted a study to determine whether plasma volume expansion with intravenous albumin prevents renal impairment and reduces mortality in these patients. Methods We randomly assigned 126 patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to treatment with intravenous Cefotaxime (63 patients) or Cefotaxime and intravenous albumin (63 patients). Cefotaxime was given daily in doses that varied according to the serum creatinine level, and albumin was given at a dose of 1.5 g per kilogram of body weight at the time of diagnosis, followed by 1 g per kilogram on day 3. Renal impairment was defined as nonreversible deterioration of renal function during hospitalization. Results The infection resolved in 59 patients in the Cefotaxime group (94 percent) and 62 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (98 percent) (P=0.36). Renal impairment developed in 21 patients in the Cefotaxime group (33 percent) and 6 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (10 percent) (P=0.002). Eighteen patients (29 percent) in the Cefotaxime group died in the hospital, as compared with 6 (10 percent) in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (P=0.01); at three months, the mortality rates were 41 percent (a total of 26 deaths) and 22 percent (a total of 14 deaths), respectively (P=0.03). Patients treated with Cefotaxime had higher levels of plasma renin activity than those treated with Cefotaxime and albumin; patients with renal impairment had the highest values. Conclusions In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, treatment with intravenous albumin in addition to an antibiotic reduces the incidence of renal impairment and death in comparison with treatment with an antibiotic alone. (N Engl J Med 1999;341:403-9.)
H. C. Neu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cephalosporins — Cefotaxime 10 years later, a major drug with continued use
Infection, 1991Co-Authors: H. C. NeuAbstract:Cefotaxim hat sich in den vergangenen zehn Jahren als außerordentlich wirksames Antibiotikum erwiesen. Die frühen Studien, die zur In-vitro -Aktivität, pharmakologischen Eigenschaften und klinischen Wirksamkeit von Cefotaxim durchgeführt wurden, haben seine hohe Effizienz und klinische Sicherheit bewiesen. Cefotaxim ist nach wie vor ein vorzügliches Medikament zur Behandlung vieler ambulant erworbener wie nosokomialer Pneumonien, Harnwegsinfektionen, der Meningitis, vor allem bei pädiatrischen Patienten, der spontanen bakteriellen Peritonitis und bestimmter abdomineller und gynäkologischer Infektionen. Cefotaxime has in the past decade proved to be a most useful agent. It has established the efficacy and safety suggested in the early in vitro , pharmacological and clinical papers. It remains an excellent agent to treat many community and hospital-acquired respiratory infections, urinary tract infections, meningitis, particularly in pediatrics, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and selected abdominal and gynecological infections.
Talaat Fathy Aly - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of alternative antibiotics in treatment of Cefotaxime resistant spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
World Journal of Gastroenterology, 2013Co-Authors: Ahmed Abouelkhair Badawy, Tarik I Zaher, Samar Mahmoud Sharaf, Mohamed H Emara, Noha Elsaid Shaheen, Talaat Fathy AlyAbstract:CONCLUSION: Empirical treatment with Cefotaxime is effective in 81% of cases; meropenem is effective in Cefotaxime-resistant cases.
Miquel Navasa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Pau Sort, Miquel Navasa, Vicente Arroyo, Xavier Aldeguer, R Planas, Luis Ruizdelarbol, Lluis Castells, Victor Vargas, German Soriano, Monica GuevaraAbstract:Background In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, renal function frequently becomes impaired. This impairment is probably related to a reduction in effective arterial blood volume and is associated with a high mortality rate. We conducted a study to determine whether plasma volume expansion with intravenous albumin prevents renal impairment and reduces mortality in these patients. Methods We randomly assigned 126 patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to treatment with intravenous Cefotaxime (63 patients) or Cefotaxime and intravenous albumin (63 patients). Cefotaxime was given daily in doses that varied according to the serum creatinine level, and albumin was given at a dose of 1.5 g per kilogram of body weight at the time of diagnosis, followed by 1 g per kilogram on day 3. Renal impairment was defined as nonreversible deterioration of renal function during hospitalization. Results The infection resolved in 59 patients in the Cefotaxime group (94 percent) and 62 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (98 percent) (P=0.36). Renal impairment developed in 21 patients in the Cefotaxime group (33 percent) and 6 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (10 percent) (P=0.002). Eighteen patients (29 percent) in the Cefotaxime group died in the hospital, as compared with 6 (10 percent) in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (P=0.01); at three months, the mortality rates were 41 percent (a total of 26 deaths) and 22 percent (a total of 14 deaths), respectively (P=0.03). Patients treated with Cefotaxime had higher levels of plasma renin activity than those treated with Cefotaxime and albumin; patients with renal impairment had the highest values. Conclusions In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, treatment with intravenous albumin in addition to an antibiotic reduces the incidence of renal impairment and death in comparison with treatment with an antibiotic alone. (N Engl J Med 1999;341:403-9.)
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effect of intravenous albumin on renal impairment and mortality in patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis
The New England Journal of Medicine, 1999Co-Authors: Pau Sort, Miquel Navasa, Vicente Arroyo, Xavier Aldeguer, R Planas, Luis Ruizdelarbol, Lluis Castells, Victor Vargas, German Soriano, Monica GuevaraAbstract:Background In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, renal function frequently becomes impaired. This impairment is probably related to a reduction in effective arterial blood volume and is associated with a high mortality rate. We conducted a study to determine whether plasma volume expansion with intravenous albumin prevents renal impairment and reduces mortality in these patients. Methods We randomly assigned 126 patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis to treatment with intravenous Cefotaxime (63 patients) or Cefotaxime and intravenous albumin (63 patients). Cefotaxime was given daily in doses that varied according to the serum creatinine level, and albumin was given at a dose of 1.5 g per kilogram of body weight at the time of diagnosis, followed by 1 g per kilogram on day 3. Renal impairment was defined as nonreversible deterioration of renal function during hospitalization. Results The infection resolved in 59 patients in the Cefotaxime group (94 percent) and 62 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (98 percent) (P=0.36). Renal impairment developed in 21 patients in the Cefotaxime group (33 percent) and 6 in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (10 percent) (P=0.002). Eighteen patients (29 percent) in the Cefotaxime group died in the hospital, as compared with 6 (10 percent) in the Cefotaxime-plus-albumin group (P=0.01); at three months, the mortality rates were 41 percent (a total of 26 deaths) and 22 percent (a total of 14 deaths), respectively (P=0.03). Patients treated with Cefotaxime had higher levels of plasma renin activity than those treated with Cefotaxime and albumin; patients with renal impairment had the highest values. Conclusions In patients with cirrhosis and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, treatment with intravenous albumin in addition to an antibiotic reduces the incidence of renal impairment and death in comparison with treatment with an antibiotic alone. (N Engl J Med 1999;341:403-9.)