The Experts below are selected from a list of 360 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Michael R. Stegemann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Safety and efficacy of Cefovecin (Convenia®) as an adjunctive treatment of periodontal disease in dogs.
Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 2012Co-Authors: Henry Giboin, Csilla Becskei, Jacky Civil, Michael R. StegemannAbstract:This study was designed to determine the safety and efficacy of Cefovecin (Convenia?; Pfizer Animal Health) when compared to clindamycin (Antirobe?; Pfizer Animal Health) as an adjunctive therapy to periodontal scaling or surgery for severe periodontal disease in dogs. A multi-centre, double-masked, randomised study was conducted in 299 dogs with severe periodontal disease. Clindamycin, administered once daily at 11 mg/kg bodyweight orally for 10 days following dental surgery was compared with a single, subcutaneous injection of Cefovecin (8 mg/kg bodyweight) administered at the time of dental surgery. The primary efficacy parameter assessed was percentage of tooth-root sites bleeding when probed (an indicator of gingival inflammation) 42 days after surgery. Two-hundred and ninety-one (291) dogs were included in the efficacy assessments. Cefovecin was shown to be non-inferior to clindamycin. The percentage of sites bleeding on probing was reduced from 54.3% to 20.3% for the Cefovecin group (53.1% reduced to 17.4% for the clindamycin group). There were no suspected adverse drug experiences attributed to treatment with Cefovecin or clindamycin. Cefovecin was shown to be as effective and safe adjunctive treatment for severe periodontal disease in dogs undergoing periodontal scaling and surgery as clindamycin.
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Effectiveness and safety of Cefovecin sodium, an extended-spectrum injectable cephalosporin, in the treatment of cats with abscesses and infected wounds.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2009Co-Authors: Robert Six, Daniel J. Weigel, T.l. Skogerboe, Dawn M. Cleaver, Cindy J. Lindeman, Judith A. Cherni, Robert Chesebrough, Georg Papp, Joseph F. Boucher, Michael R. StegemannAbstract:Objective—To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Cefovecin sodium in the treatment of cats with naturally occurring skin infections (abscesses and infected wounds). Design—Multicenter (26 sites), randomized, double-blind, controlled clinical trial. Animals—Client-owned cats of any breed with naturally occurring skin infections with associated clinical signs and confirmatory bacteriologic culture results. Procedures—Cats with clinical signs of skin and soft tissue infection were randomly allocated to receive a single dose of Cefovecin (8 mg/kg [3.6 mg/lb], SC) followed by placebo drops administered orally once daily for 14 days or 1 SC placebo injection followed by cefadroxil (22 mg/kg [10 mg/lb], PO, once daily for 14 days). Only one 14-day treatment course was permitted. Results—Effectiveness of Cefovecin in the treatment of cats with abscesses and infected wounds was similar to that of cefadroxil. At the final assessment on day 28, 97% (86/89) of Cefovecin-treated cats and 91% (80/88) of cefadroxil...
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Efficacy and safety of Cefovecin in treating bacterial folliculitis, abscesses, or infected wounds in dogs.
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2008Co-Authors: Robert Six, Daniel J. Weigel, T.l. Skogerboe, Dawn M. Cleaver, Cindy J. Lindeman, Judith A. Cherni, Robert Chesebrough, Georg Papp, Joseph F. Boucher, Michael R. StegemannAbstract:Objective—To evaluate the efficacy and safety of administration of Cefovecin, compared with cefadroxil, for treatment of naturally occurring secondary superficial pyoderma, abscesses, and infected wounds in dogs. Design—Multicenter, randomized, positive-controlled clinical trial. Animals—235 client-owned dogs. Procedures—Dogs with clinical signs of skin infection confirmed via bacteriologic culture were randomly allocated to receive a single SC injection of Cefovecin (8 mg/kg [3.6 mg/lb]) followed by placebo administered PO twice daily for 14 days or cefadroxil (22 mg/kg [10 mg/lb]) administered PO twice daily for 14 days following a placebo injection. Two 14-day treatment courses were permitted. Treatment success was defined as reduction of clinical signs to mild or absent at the final assessment. Results—Clinical efficacy achieved with Cefovecin in dogs was equivalent to that observed with cefadroxil. At the final assessment, 14 days following the completion of treatment (on day 28 or 42), 92.4% (109/11...
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Efficacy and safety of Cefovecin for the treatment of urinary tract infections in cats.
The Journal of small animal practice, 2008Co-Authors: C. A. Passmore, J. Sherington, Michael R. StegemannAbstract:Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Cefovecin (Convenia®; Pfizer Animal Health) in the treatment of urinary tract infections in cats. Method: A multi-centre, masked, randomised study was conducted in cats presenting with clinical signs indicative of urinary tract infections. Cephalexin (Rilexine®; Virbac) administered orally twice daily at 15 mg/kg bodyweight for 14 days was compared with a single subcutaneous injection of Cefovecin in cats. The primary efficacy parameter assessed was bacterial elimination of the pretreatment uropathogen. Results: Four hundred and thirty-four cats were screened for urinary tract infections. One hundred and eighty-five cats were treated with either Cefovecin (n=124) or cephalexin (n=61). Ninety-seven cats (22·2 per cent) had confirmed bacteriuria and 82 cats were included in efficacy analysis. Escherichia coli was eliminated in 76·7 per cent (23 of 30) of Cefovecin-treated cats compared with 62·5 per cent (10 of 16) of cephalexin-treated cats. Cefovecin demonstrated statistical non-inferiority compared with cephalexin for bacterial elimination. There were no suspected adverse drug reactions attributable to treatment with Cefovecin or cephalexin. Clinical Significance: Cefovecin was demonstrated to be an effective and safe treatment for urinary tract infections.
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The efficacy and safety of Cefovecin in the treatment of feline abscesses and infected wounds
The Journal of small animal practice, 2007Co-Authors: Michael R. Stegemann, J. Sherington, C. A. PassmoreAbstract:Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Cefovecin for the treatment of bacterial abscesses and wounds in cats at clinics in Germany, France, Spain and the UK. Method: Cats with abscesses or wounds were enrolled. Cats (217) were randomised to treatment with either Cefovecin administered by subcutaneous injection at 14 day intervals or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid as twice-daily oral tablets for 14 days. Treatment courses were repeated at 14 day intervals, when deemed necessary. Clinicians assessing lesions were masked to treatment allocation. Only animals with a confirmed pretreatment bacterial pathogen were included in the efficacy analysis. Cases were evaluated 28 days after initiation of the final course of treatment. Results: Cefovecin was as efficacious as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and efficacy was 100 per cent for both treatments. Clinical significance: Cefovecin, administered as a single subcutaneous injection repeated at 14 day intervals as required, was shown to be as efficacious as oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of abscesses/wounds in cats.
James R. Gilkerson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Use of Cefovecin in dogs and cats attending first-opinion veterinary practices in Australia.
The Veterinary record, 2020Co-Authors: L. Y. Hardefeldt, Brian Hur, Karin Verspoor, Timothy Baldwin, Kirsten E. Bailey, Ri Scarborough, Suzanna Richards, Helen Billman-jacobe, Glenn F. Browning, James R. GilkersonAbstract:Background Cefovecin is a long-acting third-generation cephalosporin commonly used in veterinary medicine. Third-generation cephalosporins are critically important antimicrobials that should only be used after culture and susceptibility testing. The authors describe the common indications for Cefovecin use in dogs and cats, and the frequency of culture and susceptibility testing. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was performed using clinical records extracted from VetCompass Australia. A previously described method was used to identify records containing Cefovecin. The reason for Cefovecin use was annotated in situ in each consultation text. Results Over a six-month period (February and September 2018), 5180 (0.4 per cent) consultations involved Cefovecin administration, of which 151 were excluded. Cats were administered Cefovecin more frequently than dogs (1.9 per cent of cat consultations and 0.1 per cent of dog consultations). The most common reasons for Cefovecin administration to cats were cat fight injuries and abscesses (28 per cent) and dermatitis (13 per cent). For dogs, the most common reasons for Cefovecin administration were surgical prophylaxis (24 per cent) and dermatitis (19 per cent). Culture and susceptibility testing were reported in 16 cases (0.3 per cent). Conclusion Cefovecin is used in many scenarios in dogs and cats where antimicrobials may be either not indicated or where an antimicrobial of lower importance to human health is recommended.
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Describing the antimicrobial usage patterns of companion animal veterinary practices; free text analysis of more than 4.4 million consultation records.
PloS one, 2020Co-Authors: Brian Hur, L. Y. Hardefeldt, Karin Verspoor, Timothy Baldwin, James R. GilkersonAbstract:Antimicrobial Resistance is a global crisis that veterinarians contribute to through their use of antimicrobials in animals. Antimicrobial stewardship has been shown to be an effective means to reduce antimicrobial resistance in hospital environments. Effective monitoring of antimicrobial usage patterns is an essential part of antimicrobial stewardship and is critical in reducing the development of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study is to describe how frequently antimicrobials were used in veterinary consultations and identify the most frequently used antimicrobials. Using VetCompass Australia, Natural Language Processing techniques, and the Australian Strategic Technical Advisory Group's (ASTAG) Rating system to classify the importance of antimicrobials, descriptive analysis was performed on the antimicrobials prescribed in consultations from 137 companion animal veterinary clinics in Australia between 2013 and 2017 (inclusive). Of the 4,400,519 consultations downloaded there were 595,089 consultations where antimicrobials were prescribed to dogs or cats. Antimicrobials were dispensed in 145 of every 1000 canine consultations; and 38 per 1000 consultations involved high importance rated antimicrobials. Similarly with cats, 108 per 1000 consultations had antimicrobials dispensed, and in 47 per 1000 consultations an antimicrobial of high importance rating was administered. The most common antimicrobials given to cats and dogs were Cefovecin and amoxycillin clavulanate, respectively. The most common topical antimicrobial and high-rated topical antimicrobial given to dogs and cats was polymyxin B. This study provides a descriptive analysis of the antimicrobial usage patterns in Australia using methods that can be automated to inform antimicrobial use surveillance programs and promote antimicrobial stewardship.
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Veterinary Students’ Knowledge and Perceptions About Antimicrobial Stewardship and Biosecurity—A National Survey
Antibiotics (Basel Switzerland), 2018Co-Authors: L. Y. Hardefeldt, James R. Gilkerson, T.d. Nielsen, Helen Kathleen Crabb, Richard A. Squires, Jane Heller, Claire R. Sharp, Rowland N. Cobbold, Jacqueline M. Norris, Glenn F. BrowningAbstract:A better understanding of veterinary students’ perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge about antimicrobial stewardship and biosecurity could facilitate more effective education of future veterinarians about these important issues. A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed by administering a questionnaire to veterinary students expected to graduate in 2017 or 2018 in all Australian veterinary schools. Four hundred and seventy-six of 1246 students (38%) completed the survey. Many students were unaware of the high importance of some veterinary drugs to human medicine, specifically enrofloxacin and Cefovecin (59% and 47% of responses, respectively). Fewer than 10% of students would use appropriate personal protective equipment in scenarios suggestive of Q fever or psittacosis. Students expected to graduate in 2018 were more likely to select culture and susceptibility testing in companion animal cases (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.33–2.69, p < 0.001), and were more likely to appropriately avoid antimicrobials in large animal cases (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.26–2.44, p = 0.001) than those expected to graduate in 2017. However, 2018 graduates were less likely to correctly identify the importance rating of veterinary antimicrobials for human health (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.34–0.67, p < 0.001) than 2017 graduates. Students reported having a good knowledge of antimicrobial resistance, and combating resistance, but only 34% thought pharmacology teaching was adequate and only 20% said that teaching in lectures matched clinical teaching. Efforts need to be made to harmonize preclinical and clinical teaching, and greater emphasis is needed on appropriate biosecurity and antimicrobial stewardship.
J. Sherington - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efficacy and safety of Cefovecin for the treatment of urinary tract infections in cats.
The Journal of small animal practice, 2008Co-Authors: C. A. Passmore, J. Sherington, Michael R. StegemannAbstract:Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Cefovecin (Convenia®; Pfizer Animal Health) in the treatment of urinary tract infections in cats. Method: A multi-centre, masked, randomised study was conducted in cats presenting with clinical signs indicative of urinary tract infections. Cephalexin (Rilexine®; Virbac) administered orally twice daily at 15 mg/kg bodyweight for 14 days was compared with a single subcutaneous injection of Cefovecin in cats. The primary efficacy parameter assessed was bacterial elimination of the pretreatment uropathogen. Results: Four hundred and thirty-four cats were screened for urinary tract infections. One hundred and eighty-five cats were treated with either Cefovecin (n=124) or cephalexin (n=61). Ninety-seven cats (22·2 per cent) had confirmed bacteriuria and 82 cats were included in efficacy analysis. Escherichia coli was eliminated in 76·7 per cent (23 of 30) of Cefovecin-treated cats compared with 62·5 per cent (10 of 16) of cephalexin-treated cats. Cefovecin demonstrated statistical non-inferiority compared with cephalexin for bacterial elimination. There were no suspected adverse drug reactions attributable to treatment with Cefovecin or cephalexin. Clinical Significance: Cefovecin was demonstrated to be an effective and safe treatment for urinary tract infections.
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The efficacy and safety of Cefovecin in the treatment of feline abscesses and infected wounds
The Journal of small animal practice, 2007Co-Authors: Michael R. Stegemann, J. Sherington, C. A. PassmoreAbstract:Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Cefovecin for the treatment of bacterial abscesses and wounds in cats at clinics in Germany, France, Spain and the UK. Method: Cats with abscesses or wounds were enrolled. Cats (217) were randomised to treatment with either Cefovecin administered by subcutaneous injection at 14 day intervals or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid as twice-daily oral tablets for 14 days. Treatment courses were repeated at 14 day intervals, when deemed necessary. Clinicians assessing lesions were masked to treatment allocation. Only animals with a confirmed pretreatment bacterial pathogen were included in the efficacy analysis. Cases were evaluated 28 days after initiation of the final course of treatment. Results: Cefovecin was as efficacious as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and efficacy was 100 per cent for both treatments. Clinical significance: Cefovecin, administered as a single subcutaneous injection repeated at 14 day intervals as required, was shown to be as efficacious as oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of abscesses/wounds in cats.
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Clinical efficacy and safety of Cefovecin in the treatment of canine pyoderma and wound infections
The Journal of small animal practice, 2007Co-Authors: Michael R. Stegemann, C. A. Passmore, N. Coati, J. SheringtonAbstract:Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Cefovecin in the treatment of bacterial skin infections in dogs. Method: Dogs with superficial or deep pyoderma or wounds/abscesses were enrolled in three separate studies. Dogs (354) were randomised to treatment and received either Cefovecin administered by subcutaneous injection at 14 day intervals, as clinically necessary, or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid as oral tablets twice daily for 14 days. Courses of treatment were repeated at 14 day intervals up to a total of four courses. Clinicians responsible for assessing lesions were masked to treatment allocation. Only animals where the presence of a pretreatment bacterial pathogen was confirmed were included in the analysis of efficacy. Cases were evaluated for clinical efficacy at 28 days after initiation of the final course of treatment. Clinical efficacy was assessed by scoring the clinical signs typical of skin infections. Results: Cefovecin demonstrated statistical non-inferiority compared with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for all three clinical diagnoses; for Cefovecin, up to 96·9 per cent efficacy was observed versus 92·5 per cent for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Clinical Significance: Cefovecin was shown to be as effective as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid administered orally in the treatment of bacterial skin infections in dogs. Cefovecin offers the additional benefit of eliminating owner non-compliance.
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Efficacy and safety of Cefovecin (Convenia) for the treatment of urinary tract infections in dogs.
The Journal of small animal practice, 2007Co-Authors: C. A. Passmore, J. Sherington, Michael R. StegemannAbstract:Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Cefovecin (ConveniaTM; Pfizer Animal Health) in the treatment of urinary tract infections in dogs. Methods: A multi-centre, blinded, randomised study was conducted in 129 dogs with urinary tract infections. Cephalexin (RilexineTM) administered twice daily at 15 mg/kg bodyweight orally for 14 days was compared with a single, subcutaneous injection of Cefovecin (ConveniaTM) in dogs. The primary efficacy parameter assessed was bacterial elimination of the pretreatment uropathogen. Results: One hundred and twenty-nine dogs were included in efficacy assessments. Escherichia coli was eliminated in 90·5 per cent of Cefovecin-treated dogs compared with 52·9 per cent of cephalexin-treated dogs (P=0·0004). Overall cure rates for dogs with Escherichia coli infections were 79·1 per cent for Cefovecin and 36·4 per cent for cephalexin-treated dogs (P=0·0003). There were no suspected adverse drug reactions attributed to treatment with Cefovecin or cephalexin. Clinical Significance: Cefovecin was shown to be an effective and safe treatment for urinary tract infections.
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Antimicrobial Activity and Spectrum of Cefovecin, a New Extended- Spectrum Cephalosporin, against Pathogens Collected from Dogs and Cats in Europe and North America
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2006Co-Authors: Michael R. Stegemann, C. A. Passmore, J. Sherington, C. J. Lindeman, G. Papp, Daniel J. Weigel, T.l. SkogerboeAbstract:Cefovecin is a new extended-spectrum semisynthetic cephalosporin indicated for the treatment of bacterial infections in dogs and cats. This study evaluated the in vitro activity and spectrum of Cefovecin against 2,641 recent clinical isolates (1,660 canine and 981 feline isolates) from Europe and the United States. MIC determinations against Cefovecin and other reference antimicrobials were performed by broth microdilution methods recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, formerly NCCLS). Cefovecin demonstrated bactericidal activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. Cefovecin exhibited in vitro activity against all major aerobic and anaerobic bacterial pathogens associated with skin, urinary tract, and periodontal infections in dogs and cats. The MIC90 values of Cefovecin against Staphylococcus intermedius, Escherichia coli, and Pasteurella multocida were 0.25 microg/ml, 1.0 microg/ml, and 0.06 microg/ml, respectively. No significant differences were observed in terms of the activities of Cefovecin against pathogens from different European countries and against pathogens of European and U.S. origin.
C. A. Passmore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Efficacy and safety of Cefovecin for the treatment of urinary tract infections in cats.
The Journal of small animal practice, 2008Co-Authors: C. A. Passmore, J. Sherington, Michael R. StegemannAbstract:Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Cefovecin (Convenia®; Pfizer Animal Health) in the treatment of urinary tract infections in cats. Method: A multi-centre, masked, randomised study was conducted in cats presenting with clinical signs indicative of urinary tract infections. Cephalexin (Rilexine®; Virbac) administered orally twice daily at 15 mg/kg bodyweight for 14 days was compared with a single subcutaneous injection of Cefovecin in cats. The primary efficacy parameter assessed was bacterial elimination of the pretreatment uropathogen. Results: Four hundred and thirty-four cats were screened for urinary tract infections. One hundred and eighty-five cats were treated with either Cefovecin (n=124) or cephalexin (n=61). Ninety-seven cats (22·2 per cent) had confirmed bacteriuria and 82 cats were included in efficacy analysis. Escherichia coli was eliminated in 76·7 per cent (23 of 30) of Cefovecin-treated cats compared with 62·5 per cent (10 of 16) of cephalexin-treated cats. Cefovecin demonstrated statistical non-inferiority compared with cephalexin for bacterial elimination. There were no suspected adverse drug reactions attributable to treatment with Cefovecin or cephalexin. Clinical Significance: Cefovecin was demonstrated to be an effective and safe treatment for urinary tract infections.
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The efficacy and safety of Cefovecin in the treatment of feline abscesses and infected wounds
The Journal of small animal practice, 2007Co-Authors: Michael R. Stegemann, J. Sherington, C. A. PassmoreAbstract:Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Cefovecin for the treatment of bacterial abscesses and wounds in cats at clinics in Germany, France, Spain and the UK. Method: Cats with abscesses or wounds were enrolled. Cats (217) were randomised to treatment with either Cefovecin administered by subcutaneous injection at 14 day intervals or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid as twice-daily oral tablets for 14 days. Treatment courses were repeated at 14 day intervals, when deemed necessary. Clinicians assessing lesions were masked to treatment allocation. Only animals with a confirmed pretreatment bacterial pathogen were included in the efficacy analysis. Cases were evaluated 28 days after initiation of the final course of treatment. Results: Cefovecin was as efficacious as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, and efficacy was 100 per cent for both treatments. Clinical significance: Cefovecin, administered as a single subcutaneous injection repeated at 14 day intervals as required, was shown to be as efficacious as oral amoxicillin/clavulanic acid in the treatment of abscesses/wounds in cats.
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Clinical efficacy and safety of Cefovecin in the treatment of canine pyoderma and wound infections
The Journal of small animal practice, 2007Co-Authors: Michael R. Stegemann, C. A. Passmore, N. Coati, J. SheringtonAbstract:Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Cefovecin in the treatment of bacterial skin infections in dogs. Method: Dogs with superficial or deep pyoderma or wounds/abscesses were enrolled in three separate studies. Dogs (354) were randomised to treatment and received either Cefovecin administered by subcutaneous injection at 14 day intervals, as clinically necessary, or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid as oral tablets twice daily for 14 days. Courses of treatment were repeated at 14 day intervals up to a total of four courses. Clinicians responsible for assessing lesions were masked to treatment allocation. Only animals where the presence of a pretreatment bacterial pathogen was confirmed were included in the analysis of efficacy. Cases were evaluated for clinical efficacy at 28 days after initiation of the final course of treatment. Clinical efficacy was assessed by scoring the clinical signs typical of skin infections. Results: Cefovecin demonstrated statistical non-inferiority compared with amoxicillin/clavulanic acid for all three clinical diagnoses; for Cefovecin, up to 96·9 per cent efficacy was observed versus 92·5 per cent for amoxicillin/clavulanic acid. Clinical Significance: Cefovecin was shown to be as effective as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid administered orally in the treatment of bacterial skin infections in dogs. Cefovecin offers the additional benefit of eliminating owner non-compliance.
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Efficacy and safety of Cefovecin (Convenia) for the treatment of urinary tract infections in dogs.
The Journal of small animal practice, 2007Co-Authors: C. A. Passmore, J. Sherington, Michael R. StegemannAbstract:Objectives: To determine the efficacy and safety of Cefovecin (ConveniaTM; Pfizer Animal Health) in the treatment of urinary tract infections in dogs. Methods: A multi-centre, blinded, randomised study was conducted in 129 dogs with urinary tract infections. Cephalexin (RilexineTM) administered twice daily at 15 mg/kg bodyweight orally for 14 days was compared with a single, subcutaneous injection of Cefovecin (ConveniaTM) in dogs. The primary efficacy parameter assessed was bacterial elimination of the pretreatment uropathogen. Results: One hundred and twenty-nine dogs were included in efficacy assessments. Escherichia coli was eliminated in 90·5 per cent of Cefovecin-treated dogs compared with 52·9 per cent of cephalexin-treated dogs (P=0·0004). Overall cure rates for dogs with Escherichia coli infections were 79·1 per cent for Cefovecin and 36·4 per cent for cephalexin-treated dogs (P=0·0003). There were no suspected adverse drug reactions attributed to treatment with Cefovecin or cephalexin. Clinical Significance: Cefovecin was shown to be an effective and safe treatment for urinary tract infections.
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Antimicrobial Activity and Spectrum of Cefovecin, a New Extended- Spectrum Cephalosporin, against Pathogens Collected from Dogs and Cats in Europe and North America
Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy, 2006Co-Authors: Michael R. Stegemann, C. A. Passmore, J. Sherington, C. J. Lindeman, G. Papp, Daniel J. Weigel, T.l. SkogerboeAbstract:Cefovecin is a new extended-spectrum semisynthetic cephalosporin indicated for the treatment of bacterial infections in dogs and cats. This study evaluated the in vitro activity and spectrum of Cefovecin against 2,641 recent clinical isolates (1,660 canine and 981 feline isolates) from Europe and the United States. MIC determinations against Cefovecin and other reference antimicrobials were performed by broth microdilution methods recommended by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI, formerly NCCLS). Cefovecin demonstrated bactericidal activity against both gram-positive and gram-negative pathogens. Cefovecin exhibited in vitro activity against all major aerobic and anaerobic bacterial pathogens associated with skin, urinary tract, and periodontal infections in dogs and cats. The MIC90 values of Cefovecin against Staphylococcus intermedius, Escherichia coli, and Pasteurella multocida were 0.25 microg/ml, 1.0 microg/ml, and 0.06 microg/ml, respectively. No significant differences were observed in terms of the activities of Cefovecin against pathogens from different European countries and against pathogens of European and U.S. origin.
L. Y. Hardefeldt - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Use of Cefovecin in dogs and cats attending first-opinion veterinary practices in Australia.
The Veterinary record, 2020Co-Authors: L. Y. Hardefeldt, Brian Hur, Karin Verspoor, Timothy Baldwin, Kirsten E. Bailey, Ri Scarborough, Suzanna Richards, Helen Billman-jacobe, Glenn F. Browning, James R. GilkersonAbstract:Background Cefovecin is a long-acting third-generation cephalosporin commonly used in veterinary medicine. Third-generation cephalosporins are critically important antimicrobials that should only be used after culture and susceptibility testing. The authors describe the common indications for Cefovecin use in dogs and cats, and the frequency of culture and susceptibility testing. Materials and methods A cross-sectional study was performed using clinical records extracted from VetCompass Australia. A previously described method was used to identify records containing Cefovecin. The reason for Cefovecin use was annotated in situ in each consultation text. Results Over a six-month period (February and September 2018), 5180 (0.4 per cent) consultations involved Cefovecin administration, of which 151 were excluded. Cats were administered Cefovecin more frequently than dogs (1.9 per cent of cat consultations and 0.1 per cent of dog consultations). The most common reasons for Cefovecin administration to cats were cat fight injuries and abscesses (28 per cent) and dermatitis (13 per cent). For dogs, the most common reasons for Cefovecin administration were surgical prophylaxis (24 per cent) and dermatitis (19 per cent). Culture and susceptibility testing were reported in 16 cases (0.3 per cent). Conclusion Cefovecin is used in many scenarios in dogs and cats where antimicrobials may be either not indicated or where an antimicrobial of lower importance to human health is recommended.
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Describing the antimicrobial usage patterns of companion animal veterinary practices; free text analysis of more than 4.4 million consultation records.
PloS one, 2020Co-Authors: Brian Hur, L. Y. Hardefeldt, Karin Verspoor, Timothy Baldwin, James R. GilkersonAbstract:Antimicrobial Resistance is a global crisis that veterinarians contribute to through their use of antimicrobials in animals. Antimicrobial stewardship has been shown to be an effective means to reduce antimicrobial resistance in hospital environments. Effective monitoring of antimicrobial usage patterns is an essential part of antimicrobial stewardship and is critical in reducing the development of antimicrobial resistance. The aim of this study is to describe how frequently antimicrobials were used in veterinary consultations and identify the most frequently used antimicrobials. Using VetCompass Australia, Natural Language Processing techniques, and the Australian Strategic Technical Advisory Group's (ASTAG) Rating system to classify the importance of antimicrobials, descriptive analysis was performed on the antimicrobials prescribed in consultations from 137 companion animal veterinary clinics in Australia between 2013 and 2017 (inclusive). Of the 4,400,519 consultations downloaded there were 595,089 consultations where antimicrobials were prescribed to dogs or cats. Antimicrobials were dispensed in 145 of every 1000 canine consultations; and 38 per 1000 consultations involved high importance rated antimicrobials. Similarly with cats, 108 per 1000 consultations had antimicrobials dispensed, and in 47 per 1000 consultations an antimicrobial of high importance rating was administered. The most common antimicrobials given to cats and dogs were Cefovecin and amoxycillin clavulanate, respectively. The most common topical antimicrobial and high-rated topical antimicrobial given to dogs and cats was polymyxin B. This study provides a descriptive analysis of the antimicrobial usage patterns in Australia using methods that can be automated to inform antimicrobial use surveillance programs and promote antimicrobial stewardship.
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Veterinary Students’ Knowledge and Perceptions About Antimicrobial Stewardship and Biosecurity—A National Survey
Antibiotics (Basel Switzerland), 2018Co-Authors: L. Y. Hardefeldt, James R. Gilkerson, T.d. Nielsen, Helen Kathleen Crabb, Richard A. Squires, Jane Heller, Claire R. Sharp, Rowland N. Cobbold, Jacqueline M. Norris, Glenn F. BrowningAbstract:A better understanding of veterinary students’ perceptions, attitudes, and knowledge about antimicrobial stewardship and biosecurity could facilitate more effective education of future veterinarians about these important issues. A multicenter cross-sectional study was performed by administering a questionnaire to veterinary students expected to graduate in 2017 or 2018 in all Australian veterinary schools. Four hundred and seventy-six of 1246 students (38%) completed the survey. Many students were unaware of the high importance of some veterinary drugs to human medicine, specifically enrofloxacin and Cefovecin (59% and 47% of responses, respectively). Fewer than 10% of students would use appropriate personal protective equipment in scenarios suggestive of Q fever or psittacosis. Students expected to graduate in 2018 were more likely to select culture and susceptibility testing in companion animal cases (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.33–2.69, p < 0.001), and were more likely to appropriately avoid antimicrobials in large animal cases (OR 1.75, 95% CI 1.26–2.44, p = 0.001) than those expected to graduate in 2017. However, 2018 graduates were less likely to correctly identify the importance rating of veterinary antimicrobials for human health (OR 0.48, 95% CI 0.34–0.67, p < 0.001) than 2017 graduates. Students reported having a good knowledge of antimicrobial resistance, and combating resistance, but only 34% thought pharmacology teaching was adequate and only 20% said that teaching in lectures matched clinical teaching. Efforts need to be made to harmonize preclinical and clinical teaching, and greater emphasis is needed on appropriate biosecurity and antimicrobial stewardship.