The Experts below are selected from a list of 195 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Beverly W Baron - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ceftizoxime induced hemolysis secondary to combined drug adsorption and immune complex mechanisms
Transfusion, 2001Co-Authors: B Calhoun, Tipsuda Junsanto, Maria De Tolve Donoghue, Edward T Naureckas, Joseph M Baron, Beverly W BaronAbstract:BACKGROUND: Immune hemolytic anemia has been associated with the administration of various antibiotics, including cephalosporins. Presented here is a patient who developed severe acute hemolysis while receiving Ceftizoxime (Ceftizox, Fujisawa USA), a third-generation cephalosporin. This is the fourth reported case of hemolysis in association with Ceftizoxime. In the previous cases, Ceftizoxime was shown to induce hemolysis by the immune-complex mechanism. However, in one of those reports, the concentration of drug used to treat the target RBCs in vitro may not have been optimal. CASE REPORT: The patient's antemortem blood samples were analyzed retrospectively for drug-dependent antibodies by the drug-adsorption and immune-complex methods. Antibody class and titer were evaluated. RESULTS: The patient's sample agglutinated RBCs coated with Ceftizoxime as well as uncoated RBCs in the presence of Ceftizoxime. The antibodies to Ceftizoxime were IgM and IgG. CONCLUSION: This is the first report on both the immune-complex and drug-adsorption mechanisms of Ceftizoxime-induced hemolysis. The differential diagnosis of a falling Hct in a patient receiving antibiotics should include drug-related hemolysis; once this diagnosis is considered, management includes the appropriate serologic workup, immediate cessation of the implicated drugs, and possible transfusion support.
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first two cases of immune hemolytic anemia associated with Ceftizoxime
Transfusion, 1999Co-Authors: J M Shammo, B Calhoun, Joseph M Baron, Alvin M Mauer, Philip C Hoffman, Beverly W BaronAbstract:BACKGROUND: Second- and third-generation cephalosporins have been associated with immune-mediated hemolytic reactions. This report discusses two patients who developed clinically significant extravascular hemolysis while receiving the third-generation cephalosporin Ceftizoxime (Ceftizox). This is believed to be the first time hemolysis has been described in patients receiving this drug. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Immunologic workup of drug-dependent antibodies was performed on blood samples using drug-coated and immune complex methodologies. Antibody classes and titers were analyzed. RESULTS: Both the patients' sera contained anti-Ceftizoxime that reacted with red cells only when Ceftizoxime was added to the sera (“immune complex” method). The patients recovered without complications following discontinuation of the drug. Each patient had IgM and IgG drug-dependent antibodies. The drug-induced antibodies from each patient cross-reacted with cefotaxime, which is structurally similar to Ceftizoxime, but cross-reacted either weakly or not at all with ceftriaxone, which has a more complex side chain. CONCLUSION: This report describes the first cases of immune hemolytic anemia associated with Ceftizoxime. In drug-induced hemolytic reactions, prompt recognition and discontinuation of the drug may be important factors in reducing the chance of serious sequelae.
Ellen M Mccormik - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparative serum bactericidal activity of Ceftizoxime metronidazole Ceftizoxime clindamycin and imipenem against obligate anaerobic bacteria
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 1990Co-Authors: Steven F Kowalsky, Roger Echols, Ellen M MccormikAbstract:Abstract We compared the bactericidal activity of serum obtained from healthy volunteers after single intravenous infusions of the combination of Ceftizoxime (1 g) plus metronidazole (1 g) and after infusions of Ceftizoxime (2 g), clindamycin (900 mg), and imipenem (1 g) against six obligate anaerobes. All agents were bactericidal but only the combination regimen resulted in bactericidal titres greater than 1:2 at 12 h for all the Bacteroides fragilis group organisms. High titres against Fusobacterium necrophorum and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci were attained with Ceftizoxime/metronidazole, Ceftizoxime, and imipenem 12 h after the dose. Imipenem and the combination of Ceftizoxime/metronidazole had the greatest area under the bactericidal curve (AUBC) against the Bacteroides species. Clindamycin had a significantly smaller AUBC than other regimens for all strains tested except B. thetaiotaomicron. Clinical trials are needed to assess the efficacy and cost-benefit ratio of a 12 h dosing regimen of Ceftizoxime in combination with metronidazole for treating mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections.
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Comparative serum bactericidal activity of Ceftizoxime/metronidazole, Ceftizoxime, clindamycin, and imipenem against obligate anaerobic bacteria
Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, 1990Co-Authors: Steven F Kowalsky, Roger Echols, Ellen M MccormikAbstract:Abstract We compared the bactericidal activity of serum obtained from healthy volunteers after single intravenous infusions of the combination of Ceftizoxime (1 g) plus metronidazole (1 g) and after infusions of Ceftizoxime (2 g), clindamycin (900 mg), and imipenem (1 g) against six obligate anaerobes. All agents were bactericidal but only the combination regimen resulted in bactericidal titres greater than 1:2 at 12 h for all the Bacteroides fragilis group organisms. High titres against Fusobacterium necrophorum and anaerobic Gram-positive cocci were attained with Ceftizoxime/metronidazole, Ceftizoxime, and imipenem 12 h after the dose. Imipenem and the combination of Ceftizoxime/metronidazole had the greatest area under the bactericidal curve (AUBC) against the Bacteroides species. Clindamycin had a significantly smaller AUBC than other regimens for all strains tested except B. thetaiotaomicron. Clinical trials are needed to assess the efficacy and cost-benefit ratio of a 12 h dosing regimen of Ceftizoxime in combination with metronidazole for treating mixed aerobic/anaerobic infections.
B Calhoun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Ceftizoxime induced hemolysis secondary to combined drug adsorption and immune complex mechanisms
Transfusion, 2001Co-Authors: B Calhoun, Tipsuda Junsanto, Maria De Tolve Donoghue, Edward T Naureckas, Joseph M Baron, Beverly W BaronAbstract:BACKGROUND: Immune hemolytic anemia has been associated with the administration of various antibiotics, including cephalosporins. Presented here is a patient who developed severe acute hemolysis while receiving Ceftizoxime (Ceftizox, Fujisawa USA), a third-generation cephalosporin. This is the fourth reported case of hemolysis in association with Ceftizoxime. In the previous cases, Ceftizoxime was shown to induce hemolysis by the immune-complex mechanism. However, in one of those reports, the concentration of drug used to treat the target RBCs in vitro may not have been optimal. CASE REPORT: The patient's antemortem blood samples were analyzed retrospectively for drug-dependent antibodies by the drug-adsorption and immune-complex methods. Antibody class and titer were evaluated. RESULTS: The patient's sample agglutinated RBCs coated with Ceftizoxime as well as uncoated RBCs in the presence of Ceftizoxime. The antibodies to Ceftizoxime were IgM and IgG. CONCLUSION: This is the first report on both the immune-complex and drug-adsorption mechanisms of Ceftizoxime-induced hemolysis. The differential diagnosis of a falling Hct in a patient receiving antibiotics should include drug-related hemolysis; once this diagnosis is considered, management includes the appropriate serologic workup, immediate cessation of the implicated drugs, and possible transfusion support.
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first two cases of immune hemolytic anemia associated with Ceftizoxime
Transfusion, 1999Co-Authors: J M Shammo, B Calhoun, Joseph M Baron, Alvin M Mauer, Philip C Hoffman, Beverly W BaronAbstract:BACKGROUND: Second- and third-generation cephalosporins have been associated with immune-mediated hemolytic reactions. This report discusses two patients who developed clinically significant extravascular hemolysis while receiving the third-generation cephalosporin Ceftizoxime (Ceftizox). This is believed to be the first time hemolysis has been described in patients receiving this drug. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Immunologic workup of drug-dependent antibodies was performed on blood samples using drug-coated and immune complex methodologies. Antibody classes and titers were analyzed. RESULTS: Both the patients' sera contained anti-Ceftizoxime that reacted with red cells only when Ceftizoxime was added to the sera (“immune complex” method). The patients recovered without complications following discontinuation of the drug. Each patient had IgM and IgG drug-dependent antibodies. The drug-induced antibodies from each patient cross-reacted with cefotaxime, which is structurally similar to Ceftizoxime, but cross-reacted either weakly or not at all with ceftriaxone, which has a more complex side chain. CONCLUSION: This report describes the first cases of immune hemolytic anemia associated with Ceftizoxime. In drug-induced hemolytic reactions, prompt recognition and discontinuation of the drug may be important factors in reducing the chance of serious sequelae.
Andanthony Chow - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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double blind comparison of cefazolin and Ceftizoxime for prophylaxis against infections following elective biliary tract surgery
Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, 1996Co-Authors: Peter J Jewesson, Luciana Frighetto, Grant Stiver, Donna Nickoloff, John A Smith, Linda Schwartz, Kenna Sleigh, Doni Danforth, Charles H Scudamore, Andanthony ChowAbstract:Antibiotics have been shown to reduce the incidence of wound infections after elective biliary tract procedures. Cefazolin and cefoxitin are among the agents most commonly promoted for this purpose. Cefoxitin has been substituted with Ceftizoxime in many institutions; however, the role of Ceftizoxime as a prophylactic agent in this setting has not been determined. To assess the comparative prophylactic efficacies of cefazolin and Ceftizoxime in biliary tract surgery, we conducted a double-blind, randomized prospective clinical trial in a tertiary-care teaching hospital. Adult patients were randomized to one of two treatment groups and received a 30-min preoperative dose of study drug and as many as two postoperative doses at 12 and 24 h, depending on hospitalization status. Cefazolin and Ceftizoxime were given as 1,000-mg doses. Patients with infections, those receiving prior antibiotics, or those with beta-lactam allergies were excluded. Over the 19-month study tenure, 167 patients were enrolled. Seventeen patients were excluded from analysis because of protocol violations. Of the 150 evaluable patients (72 and 78 receiving cefazolin and Ceftizoxime doses, respectively), there was no significant difference among groups regarding sex, age, weight, preoperative Apache II score, baseline chemistry, and hematological parameters. Groups were also equivalent regarding the surgeon, type of procedure, characteristics (blood loss, drains, organ injury, and complications), and duration of hospital stay (mean, 5.6 versus 4.3 days [P = 0.31]). No clinical evidence of infection (7-day hospital stay and 30-day follow-up) was identified in 93% of cefazolin and 92% of Ceftizoxime patients (P = 1.0). Microbiological confirmation was found in only 18% of primary-site infections. In conclusion, cefazolin and Ceftizoxime appear to be equivalent for the prevention of infection in biliary tract surgery with the dosage regimens studied.
Afsaneh Vazin - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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comparison of Ceftizoxime plus ampicillin sulbactam versus gentamicin plus ampicillin sulbactam in the prevention of post transplant early bacterial infections in liver transplant recipients a randomized controlled trial
Infection and Drug Resistance, 2020Co-Authors: Mojtaba Shafiekhani, Iman Karimzadeh, Saman Nikeghbalian, Mohammad Firoozifar, Gholamreza Pouladfar, Afsaneh VazinAbstract:Purpose: In this study, we aimed to compare the efficacy of combined Ceftizoxime with ampicillin-sulbactam versus combined gentamicin with ampicillin-sulbactam as prophylactic antibiotic regimen in preventing early bacterial PTIs in liver TX recipients at a referral center. Patients and methods: All patients older than 18 years who had undergone liver TX at Abu-Ali Sina transplantation center in Shiraz, Iran from July 2018 to April 2019 were included in this study. In a single-blinded manner, the participants randomly received either combined intravenous Ceftizoxime plus ampicillin-sulbactam (Ceftizoxime group) or gentamicin plus ampicillin-sulbactam (gentamicin group) as prophylactic antibiotic regimen before the incision of the surgery, which was continued for 48 hrs after liver Tx. The rate and type of bacterial infections, length of hospital and intensive care unit (ICU) stay, mortality rate, and kidney function were assessed during 1 month following liver TX in the two groups. Results: Two hundred and thirty patients were divided into two groups. One patient in the gentamicin group and five in the Ceftizoxime group were excluded due to emergency exploratory laparotomy within the first 3 days after transplantation. The rate of bacterial infections during the first month after transplantation was 25.4%. This rate was significantly lower in the gentamicin group (13.16%) in comparison to the Ceftizoxime group (38.18%) (P value<0.01), based on the univariate logistic regression analysis. Length of ICU and hospital stay and also mortality rate were significantly lower in the gentamicin group (P value <0.01). There was no significant difference regarding kidney function between the two groups (P value = 0.16). Conclusion: Our results suggested that gentamicin can be considered as a promising agent in prophylactic antibiotic regimen for patients undergoing liver TX. Trial registration: The study was registered at the Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (IRCT20120731010453N2; http://www.irct.ir/).