The Experts below are selected from a list of 282 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
P. Montan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bacteriology and Cefuroxime resistance in endophthalmitis following cataract surgery before and after the introduction of prophylactic intracameral Cefuroxime: a retrospective single-centre study.
The Journal of hospital infection, 2018Co-Authors: E. Friling, P. MontanAbstract:Summary Background Intracameral Cefuroxime as prophylaxis against postoperative endophthalmitis (POE) following cataract surgery was introduced in 1996 at St Erik Eye Hospital. Soon after the introduction of intracameral Cefuroxime, the rate of POE fell dramatically and a shift in the aetiology was noticed. Aim To analyse bacteriology and susceptibility to Cefuroxime before and after the introduction of intracameral Cefuroxime. Methods All culture-proven cases of endophthalmitis at St Erik Eye Hospital after cataract surgery performed over a 20-year period were included in a retrospective observational study. Findings Sixty-two cases of endophthalmitis occurred in 34,390 (0.18%) cataract surgeries before the introduction of intracameral Cefuroxime (Period 1), while 33 cases occurred in 75,144 (0.044%) operations after the introduction of intracameral Cefuroxime (Period 2), showing a significant difference between the periods (P Conclusions Intracameral Cefuroxime leads to a reduction of the rate of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery, and brings about a shift in pathogens from Cefuroxime-sensitive to Cefuroxime-resistant organisms.
H. Staley - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sequential therapy with Cefuroxime followed by Cefuroxime axetil in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 1997Co-Authors: F. Vogel, W Droszcz, V Vondra, K Reisenberg, C. Marr, H. StaleyAbstract:A prospective, multicentre, randomized, open-label, parallel group study compared the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Cefuroxime 750 mg iv administered either twice daily (bd) or three times daily (tds) for 48-72 h, followed by oral Cefuroxime axetil 500 mg bd for 5-7 days in a sequential therapy regimen for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. A total of 628 adult patients entered the study; 323 in the Cefuroxime tds group and 305 in the Cefuroxime bd group. For clinically evaluable patients, the post-treatment clinical response rate was 86% and 88% in the Cefuroxime tds and bd groups, respectively. Cure was maintained at follow-up (14-28 days after treatment completion) in 85% of the Cefuroxime tds group and 84% of patients in the Cefuroxime bd group. A total of 189 pathogens was isolated, the most common being Haemophilus influenzae (17%), other Haemophilus spp. (15%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (15%) and Enterobacteriaceae (23%). At the post-treatment assessment, 66% and 70% of pathogens were cleared in the Cefuroxime tds and bd groups, respectively. Both treatment regimens were well tolerated. The incidence of drug-related adverse events was 7% in the Cefuroxime tds group and 6% in the Cefuroxime bd group; the most common side-effects were gastrointestinal. Qualitative and quantitative markers were used to determine the optimal time to switch from iv to oral therapy and, of these, peak expiratory flow rate was shown to be the most useful in the present study. In conclusion, the findings of this study support the use of a bd dosing schedule of Cefuroxime in a sequential therapy regimen with oral Cefuroxime axetil, demonstrating it to be clinically equivalent to the standard tds dosage currently used, as well as being simpler and more convenient to administer at a lower cost.
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Sequential Therapy With Cefuroxime Followed by Cefuroxime Axetil in Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Chest, 1997Co-Authors: Paul Van Den Brande, F. Vogel, V Vondra, H. Staley, Francisc Schlaeffer, Catherine HolmesAbstract:Study objective To compare the efficacy of two sequential therapy regimens of IV Cefuroxime followed by oral Cefuroxime axetil for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Design Prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study. Setting Sixty-six centers in 11 countries (Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Poland, Portugal, South Africa, and the United Kingdom). Patients Six hundred thirty-six adults with CAP requiring hospitalization and initial IV antibiotic treatment. Interventions Cefuroxime, 1.5 g IV tid or bid for 48 to 72 h followed by oral Cefuroxime axetil, 500 mg bid for 7 days. Measurements and results For clinically evaluable patients, the clinical response rates were equivalent for Cefuroxime tid and bid groups posttreatment (cure/improvement, 79% and 84%, respectively) and at follow-up (maintained cure, 87% and 82%, respectively). All signs and symptoms of pneumonia showed improvement at the time of switch from IV to oral therapy. A total of 111 pathogens were isolated, the most common being Streptococcus pneumoniae (23%), Haemophilus influenzae (18%), and Enterobacteriaceae (15%). Bacteriologic clearance was obtained posttreatment in 47 of 49 and 36 of 42 of bacteriologically evaluable patients in the Cefuroxime tid and bid groups, respectively. Both regimens were well tolerated with a low incidence of drug-related adverse events, the most common being GI. Conclusions Twice daily IV Cefuroxime followed by oral Cefuroxime axetil is a simple and effective sequential therapy regimen for the treatment of CAP. It offers potential cost savings and can replace the current tid regimen in this indication.
Charlotta Zetterström - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Prophylactic intracameral Cefuroxime. Evaluation of safety and kinetics in cataract surgery.
Journal of cataract and refractive surgery, 2002Co-Authors: Per Montan, Gisela Wejde, Hans E Setterquist, Margareta Rylander, Charlotta ZetterströmAbstract:Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the safety and kinetics of prophylactic intracameral Cefuroxime in cataract surgery. Setting: Department of Ophthalmology, St. Eriks Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Methods: In a nonrandomized observer-masked best-case trial, the visual rehabilitation and the evolution of laser flare intensity and corneal endothelial cell density after cataract surgery were assessed in 45 patients receiving intracameral Cefuroxime and in 45 control patients. Immunoglobulin E-mediated sensitivity was evaluated using a skin prick test to Cefuroxime in a screening program comprising all cataract patients operated on in 1997. Intracameral concentrations of Cefuroxime in samples retrieved 30 seconds (n = 10) and 1 hour (n = 9) postoperatively were evaluated in an observer-masked fashion with a microbiological assay. Results: Intracameral Cefuroxime did not have a statistically significant effect on postoperative visual acuity, induced laser flare intensity, or endothelial cell loss compared with nonadministration of intracameral antibiotic prophylaxis. Three positive skin prick tests to Cefuroxime were found in the 5813 screened cataract patients. The median aqueous humor concentration of Cefuroxime at 30 seconds was 2742 mg/L, declining to 756 mg/L 1 hour after drug instillation. Conclusions: Intracameral Cefuroxime 1 mg appears safe in terms of local toxicity. Immunoglobulin E-mediated allergy to Cefuroxime is rare in the cataract population. The treatment achieved high aqueous concentrations even 1 hour after surgery.
F. Vogel - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sequential therapy with Cefuroxime followed by Cefuroxime axetil in acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis.
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy, 1997Co-Authors: F. Vogel, W Droszcz, V Vondra, K Reisenberg, C. Marr, H. StaleyAbstract:A prospective, multicentre, randomized, open-label, parallel group study compared the efficacy, safety and tolerability of Cefuroxime 750 mg iv administered either twice daily (bd) or three times daily (tds) for 48-72 h, followed by oral Cefuroxime axetil 500 mg bd for 5-7 days in a sequential therapy regimen for the treatment of acute exacerbations of chronic bronchitis. A total of 628 adult patients entered the study; 323 in the Cefuroxime tds group and 305 in the Cefuroxime bd group. For clinically evaluable patients, the post-treatment clinical response rate was 86% and 88% in the Cefuroxime tds and bd groups, respectively. Cure was maintained at follow-up (14-28 days after treatment completion) in 85% of the Cefuroxime tds group and 84% of patients in the Cefuroxime bd group. A total of 189 pathogens was isolated, the most common being Haemophilus influenzae (17%), other Haemophilus spp. (15%), Streptococcus pneumoniae (15%) and Enterobacteriaceae (23%). At the post-treatment assessment, 66% and 70% of pathogens were cleared in the Cefuroxime tds and bd groups, respectively. Both treatment regimens were well tolerated. The incidence of drug-related adverse events was 7% in the Cefuroxime tds group and 6% in the Cefuroxime bd group; the most common side-effects were gastrointestinal. Qualitative and quantitative markers were used to determine the optimal time to switch from iv to oral therapy and, of these, peak expiratory flow rate was shown to be the most useful in the present study. In conclusion, the findings of this study support the use of a bd dosing schedule of Cefuroxime in a sequential therapy regimen with oral Cefuroxime axetil, demonstrating it to be clinically equivalent to the standard tds dosage currently used, as well as being simpler and more convenient to administer at a lower cost.
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Sequential Therapy With Cefuroxime Followed by Cefuroxime Axetil in Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Chest, 1997Co-Authors: Paul Van Den Brande, F. Vogel, V Vondra, H. Staley, Francisc Schlaeffer, Catherine HolmesAbstract:Study objective To compare the efficacy of two sequential therapy regimens of IV Cefuroxime followed by oral Cefuroxime axetil for the treatment of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Design Prospective, multicenter, randomized, open-label, parallel-group study. Setting Sixty-six centers in 11 countries (Belgium, Canada, Czech Republic, Germany, Hungary, Ireland, Israel, Poland, Portugal, South Africa, and the United Kingdom). Patients Six hundred thirty-six adults with CAP requiring hospitalization and initial IV antibiotic treatment. Interventions Cefuroxime, 1.5 g IV tid or bid for 48 to 72 h followed by oral Cefuroxime axetil, 500 mg bid for 7 days. Measurements and results For clinically evaluable patients, the clinical response rates were equivalent for Cefuroxime tid and bid groups posttreatment (cure/improvement, 79% and 84%, respectively) and at follow-up (maintained cure, 87% and 82%, respectively). All signs and symptoms of pneumonia showed improvement at the time of switch from IV to oral therapy. A total of 111 pathogens were isolated, the most common being Streptococcus pneumoniae (23%), Haemophilus influenzae (18%), and Enterobacteriaceae (15%). Bacteriologic clearance was obtained posttreatment in 47 of 49 and 36 of 42 of bacteriologically evaluable patients in the Cefuroxime tid and bid groups, respectively. Both regimens were well tolerated with a low incidence of drug-related adverse events, the most common being GI. Conclusions Twice daily IV Cefuroxime followed by oral Cefuroxime axetil is a simple and effective sequential therapy regimen for the treatment of CAP. It offers potential cost savings and can replace the current tid regimen in this indication.
E. Friling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Bacteriology and Cefuroxime resistance in endophthalmitis following cataract surgery before and after the introduction of prophylactic intracameral Cefuroxime: a retrospective single-centre study.
The Journal of hospital infection, 2018Co-Authors: E. Friling, P. MontanAbstract:Summary Background Intracameral Cefuroxime as prophylaxis against postoperative endophthalmitis (POE) following cataract surgery was introduced in 1996 at St Erik Eye Hospital. Soon after the introduction of intracameral Cefuroxime, the rate of POE fell dramatically and a shift in the aetiology was noticed. Aim To analyse bacteriology and susceptibility to Cefuroxime before and after the introduction of intracameral Cefuroxime. Methods All culture-proven cases of endophthalmitis at St Erik Eye Hospital after cataract surgery performed over a 20-year period were included in a retrospective observational study. Findings Sixty-two cases of endophthalmitis occurred in 34,390 (0.18%) cataract surgeries before the introduction of intracameral Cefuroxime (Period 1), while 33 cases occurred in 75,144 (0.044%) operations after the introduction of intracameral Cefuroxime (Period 2), showing a significant difference between the periods (P Conclusions Intracameral Cefuroxime leads to a reduction of the rate of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery, and brings about a shift in pathogens from Cefuroxime-sensitive to Cefuroxime-resistant organisms.