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R Edenharder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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inhibition of the mutagenicity of 2 nitrofluorene 3 nitrofluoranthene and 1 nitropyrene by vitamins porphyrins and related compounds and vegetable and fruit juices and solvent extracts
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1997Co-Authors: X Tang, R EdenharderAbstract:When 21 vitamins including related compounds haemin, chlorophyllin, chlorophyll, biliverdin and bilirubin, as well as juices from five fruits and 25 vegetables and solvent extracts from the residues of fruits and vegetables were tested for their antimutagenic potencies with respect to mutagenicity induced by 2-nitrofluorene (2-NF), 3-nitrofluoranthene (3-NFA) and 1-nitropyrene(1-NP) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 the following results were obtained. The tetracyclic nitroarenes 3-NFA and 1-NP were in general more effectively antagonized by potent antimutagenic compounds than the tricyclic 2-NF. beta-Carotene, retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, retinol palmitate, riboflavin 5'-phosphate, alpha-tocopherol, vitamins B12, C, K1 and K3 as well as biliverdin, bilirubin, chlorophyll, chlorophyllin and haemin exerted antimutagenicity against the nitroarenes cited previously. All other vitamins were inactive. While part of the juices were inactive, juices from cauliflower, carrots, chives, radishes and spinach exerted weak antimutagenic activities. However, weak to moderate co-mutagenic effects were seen with grapes, kiwi, pineapple, eggplant, Celeriac, chicory greens, fennel leaves and radishes and strong effects with peppers which were not caused by the presence of growth-promoting factors. Most solvent fractions were inactive but fractions containing chlorophyll exerted antimutagenicity.
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in vitro effect of vegetable and fruit juices on the mutagenicity of 2 amino 3 methylimidazo 4 5 f quinoline 2 amino 3 4 dimethylimidazo 4 5 f quinoline and 2 amino 3 8 dimethylimidazo 4 5 f quinoxaline
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1994Co-Authors: R Edenharder, P Kurz, K John, S Burgard, K SeegerAbstract:The antimutagenic potencies of the juices of 28 fruits and 34 vegetables commonly consumed in Germany were investigated with respect to the mutagenic activities induced by 2-amino-3-methyl[4,5-f]-quinoline (IQ), and in part by 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ) or 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. With IQ, weak to strong antimutagenic activities were found in 68% of the fruits and 73% of the vegetables that were tested. In fruits, strong antimutagenic activities were detected in bananas, blackberries, blueberries, sweet and sour cherries, blackcurrants and redcurrants, pineapple and watermelon. Moderate antimutagenic activities were detected in greengage, kiwi, mangos, honeydew melons and plums. Weak antimutagenic activities were detected in apple, apricot, mirabelle, pears, peaches and strawberries, whereas white and red grapes and raspberries were inactive, and gooseberries and citrus fruits in general possessed marginal or no antimutagenic activities. In vegetables, strong to moderate antimutagenic activities were found for all cruciferous vegetables, except Chinese cabbage, which had only weak antimutagenic activity. Other vegetables with strong antimutagenic activities were beets, chives, horseradish, onions, rhubarb and spinach. Moderate antimutagenic activities were found with green beans and tomatoes, weak activities in eggplant, garden cress, many lettuces, leeks, mangold, cucumber, pumpkin, radish and summer squash. Asparagus, carrots, fennel leaves, parsley, green peppers and radishes were inactive. When fruit and vegetable juices were heated, a considerable reduction of antimutagenic potencies was seen with apple, apricot, kiwi, pineapple, beets, cabbage (Chinese, Savoy, red and white), cauliflower, leafy lettuce, cucumber, onions, radish and rhubarb. Antimutagenic factors in blackberries, blueberries, sweet and sour cherries, honeydew melons, mirabelle, plums, strawberries, Brussels sprouts, chicory greens, eggplant, garden cress, mangold, pumpkin, lamb's lettuce and spinach were, however, remarkably heat stable. Antimutagenic potencies in bananas, blackcurrants and redcurrants, greengages, gooseberries, mangos, watermelon, green beans, kohlrabi, horseradish, tomatoes and chives were partially reduced. Antimutagenic activities in the juices of eight apple cultivars were moderate in two, weak in four, and marginal or absent in two. No major differences, however, were detected in five batches of oranges and three batches each of grapefruits, asparagus, green beans, broccoli, cauliflower, spinach and tomatoes. No (or only minor) differences were seen between IQ, MeIQ and MeIQx and tester strains TA98 and TA100. Pineapple and Celeriac juices inhibited the enzymatic system responsible for the activation of IQ, but had no desmutagenic activity. Peroxidase activity found to be present in broccoli, cauliflower, green beans and tomatoes may contribute to antimutagenic activities in these vegetables.
K Seeger - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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in vitro effect of vegetable and fruit juices on the mutagenicity of 2 amino 3 methylimidazo 4 5 f quinoline 2 amino 3 4 dimethylimidazo 4 5 f quinoline and 2 amino 3 8 dimethylimidazo 4 5 f quinoxaline
Food and Chemical Toxicology, 1994Co-Authors: R Edenharder, P Kurz, K John, S Burgard, K SeegerAbstract:The antimutagenic potencies of the juices of 28 fruits and 34 vegetables commonly consumed in Germany were investigated with respect to the mutagenic activities induced by 2-amino-3-methyl[4,5-f]-quinoline (IQ), and in part by 2-amino-3,4-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoline (MeIQ) or 2-amino-3,8-dimethylimidazo[4,5-f]quinoxaline (MeIQx) in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 and TA100. With IQ, weak to strong antimutagenic activities were found in 68% of the fruits and 73% of the vegetables that were tested. In fruits, strong antimutagenic activities were detected in bananas, blackberries, blueberries, sweet and sour cherries, blackcurrants and redcurrants, pineapple and watermelon. Moderate antimutagenic activities were detected in greengage, kiwi, mangos, honeydew melons and plums. Weak antimutagenic activities were detected in apple, apricot, mirabelle, pears, peaches and strawberries, whereas white and red grapes and raspberries were inactive, and gooseberries and citrus fruits in general possessed marginal or no antimutagenic activities. In vegetables, strong to moderate antimutagenic activities were found for all cruciferous vegetables, except Chinese cabbage, which had only weak antimutagenic activity. Other vegetables with strong antimutagenic activities were beets, chives, horseradish, onions, rhubarb and spinach. Moderate antimutagenic activities were found with green beans and tomatoes, weak activities in eggplant, garden cress, many lettuces, leeks, mangold, cucumber, pumpkin, radish and summer squash. Asparagus, carrots, fennel leaves, parsley, green peppers and radishes were inactive. When fruit and vegetable juices were heated, a considerable reduction of antimutagenic potencies was seen with apple, apricot, kiwi, pineapple, beets, cabbage (Chinese, Savoy, red and white), cauliflower, leafy lettuce, cucumber, onions, radish and rhubarb. Antimutagenic factors in blackberries, blueberries, sweet and sour cherries, honeydew melons, mirabelle, plums, strawberries, Brussels sprouts, chicory greens, eggplant, garden cress, mangold, pumpkin, lamb's lettuce and spinach were, however, remarkably heat stable. Antimutagenic potencies in bananas, blackcurrants and redcurrants, greengages, gooseberries, mangos, watermelon, green beans, kohlrabi, horseradish, tomatoes and chives were partially reduced. Antimutagenic activities in the juices of eight apple cultivars were moderate in two, weak in four, and marginal or absent in two. No major differences, however, were detected in five batches of oranges and three batches each of grapefruits, asparagus, green beans, broccoli, cauliflower, spinach and tomatoes. No (or only minor) differences were seen between IQ, MeIQ and MeIQx and tester strains TA98 and TA100. Pineapple and Celeriac juices inhibited the enzymatic system responsible for the activation of IQ, but had no desmutagenic activity. Peroxidase activity found to be present in broccoli, cauliflower, green beans and tomatoes may contribute to antimutagenic activities in these vegetables.
Janek Frantzen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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disease epidemics and plant competition control of senecio vulgaris with puccinia lagenophorae
Basic and Applied Ecology, 2000Co-Authors: Janek FrantzenAbstract:Abstract One approach to biological control of weeds is to relieve competition between crop and weed by inducing and stimulating epidemics of a pathogen on the weed. Results of a field experiment in Switzerland suggested that an epidemic of the rust fungus Puccinia lagenophorae could reduce losses in the crop Celeriac (Apium graveolens) caused by competition with the annual weed Senecio vulgaris. Size hierarchy of Celeriac increased in the presence of S. vulgaris and increased further by induction of a P. lagenophorae epidemic. The latter increase in size hierarchy could be explained by the spatial dynamics of the P. lagenophorae epidemic on S. vulgaris. Plants in the vicinity of the inoculum sources were infected earlier and more heavily than plants farther away causing variation in the impact of the pathogen on competition between Celeriac and S. vulgaris. A positive relationship between infection of S. vulgaris by P. lagenophorae and Celeriac yield could be observed. The study yielded insight into the impact of a disease epidemic on the competitive balance between two plant species and the results can be used to validate calculations about the number and spatial distribution of inoculum sources of P. lagenophorae required to control a S. vulgaris population.
Stefan Vieths - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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celery allergens in patients with positive double blind placebo controlled food challenge
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, 2000Co-Authors: D Luttkopf, Barbara K Ballmerweber, Stefan ViethsAbstract:Abstract Background: Recently, for the first time, allergy to celery was confirmed by double-blind placebo-controlled food challenge (DBPCFC). Api g 1, Api g 4, cross-reactive carbohydrate determinants (CCD), and a 60 kDa allergen have been described as celery allergens. Objective: To get insights in IgE responses of patients with a positive DBPCFC to celery tuber (Celeriac) compared with patients with a negative challenge test. Methods: Specific IgE to native and heated celery tuber and to recombinant Api g 1, the major celery allergen, were determined by enzyme allergosorbent test and immunoblotting. IgE binding to Api g 1, Api g 4, and CCD was confirmed by inhibition experiments that used recombinant Api g 1, recombinant Api g 4, pure N-glycans, and extracts of Celeriac, lychee fruit, and pollens of birch, mugwort, and timothy grass as inhibitors. Results: Immunoblotting with sera from 22 patients with a positive DBPCFC to Celeriac confirmed the presence of known allergenic structures: The major allergen Api g 1 (16 kDa) was recognized by IgE from 13 of 22 patients (59%). Another major allergen was CCD, determined by IgE reactivity in 12 of 22 patients (55%). Celery profilin, Api g 4, was recognized by IgE from 5 of 22 patients (23%). Conclusion: Our DBPCFC-positive patients exclusively presented IgE to known celery allergens, although the prevalences were slightly different than were previously reported. No obvious differences were found in patients with positive IgE antibody but negative challenge test. IgE binding to all 3 structures in Celeriac extract was inhibited by birch pollen extract, whereas mugwort pollen extract could only inhibit IgE reactivity to Api g 4 and CCD. Inhibition experiments with a purified carbohydrate moiety clearly showed that the IgE epitope mannose-xylose-fucose-glycan (Manα1-6[Xylβ1-2]Manβ1-4GlcNAcβ1-4[Fucα1-3]GlcNAc) or a closely related structure is present in Celeriac extract and is important in patients with clinical allergy to celery. (J Allergy Clin Immunol 2000;106:390-9.)
Sergio Lanteri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dbest derived microsatellite markers in celery apium graveolens l var dulce
Molecular Ecology Notes, 2006Co-Authors: Alberto Acquadro, Franco Magurno, Ezio Portis, Sergio LanteriAbstract:We report on the development of 11 (from database expressed sequence tags) dbEST-derived microsatellite markers in celery (Apium graveolens L. var. dulce). The sequences were obtained from DNA accessions available from GenBank and contained di-, tri- and pentanucleotidic motifs. All the microsatellites were found in expressed sequence tags and they are expected to become useful tools for ecological, genetic and evolutionary studies, as well as for celery breeding. Polymorphism was explored in 16 celery commercial varieties, and marker transferability was tested on three accessions of Celeriac (A. graveolens var. rapaceum). Primers and PCR conditions for microsatellite amplification are reported.