The Experts below are selected from a list of 561027 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rolf Bernander - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genome wide transcription map of an archaeal Cell Cycle
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007Co-Authors: Magnus Lundgren, Rolf BernanderAbstract:Relative RNA abundance was measured at different Cell-Cycle stages in synchronized cultures of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Cyclic induction was observed for >160 genes, demonstrating central roles for transcriptional regulation and Cell-Cycle-specific gene expression in archaeal Cell-Cycle progression. Many replication genes were induced in a Cell-Cycle-specific manner, and novel replisome components are likely to be among the genes of unknown function with similar induction patterns. Candidate genes for the unknown genome segregation and Cell division machineries were also identified, as well as seven transcription factors likely to be involved in Cell-Cycle control. Two serine-threonine protein kinases showed distinct Cell-Cycle-specific induction, suggesting regulation of the archaeal Cell Cycle also through protein modification. Two candidate recognition elements, CCR boxes, for transcription factors in control of Cell-Cycle regulons were identified among gene sets with similar induction kinetics. The results allow detailed characterization of the genome segregation, division, and replication processes and may, because of the extensive homologies between the archaeal and eukaryotic information machineries, also be applicable to core features of the eukaryotic Cell Cycle.
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archaeal Cell Cycle progress
Current Opinion in Microbiology, 2005Co-Authors: Magnus Lundgren, Rolf BernanderAbstract:The discovery of multiple chromosome replication origins in Sulfolobus species has added yet another eukaryotic trait to the archaea, and brought new levels of complexity to the Cell Cycle in terms of initiation of chromosome replication, replication termination and chromosome decatenation. Conserved repeated DNA elements — origin recognition boxes — have been identified in the origins of replication, and shown to bind the Orc1/Cdc6 proteins involved in Cell Cycle control. The origin recognition boxes aid in the identification and characterization of new origins, and their conservation suggests that most archaea have a similar replication initiation mechanism. Cell-Cycle-dependent variation in Orc1/Cdc6 levels has been demonstrated, reminiscent of variations in cyclin levels during the eukaryotic Cell Cycle. Information about archaeal chromosome segregation is also accumulating, including the identification of a protein that binds to short regularly spaced repeats that might constitute centromer-like elements. In addition, studies of Cell-Cycle-specific gene expression have potential to reveal, in the near future, missing components in crenarchaeal chromosome replication, genome segregation and Cell division. Together with an increased number of physiological and cytological investigations of the overall organization of the Cell Cycle, rapid progress of the archaeal Cell Cycle field is evident, and archaea, in particular Sulfolobus species, are emerging as simple and powerful models for the eukaryotic Cell Cycle.
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the archaeal Cell Cycle current issues
Molecular Microbiology, 2003Co-Authors: Rolf BernanderAbstract:The recently discovered structural similarities between the archaeal Orc1/Cdc6 and bacterial DnaA initiator proteins for chromosome replication have exciting implications for Cell Cycle regulation. Together with current attempts to identify archaeal chromosome replication origins, the information is likely to yield fundamental insights into replication control in both archaea and eukaryotes within the near future. Several proteins that affect, or are likely to affect, chromatin structure and genome segregation in archaea have been described recently, including Sph1 and 2, ScpA and B, Sir2, Alba and Rio1p. Important insights into the properties of the MinD and FtsZ Cell division proteins, and of putative cytoskeletal elements, have recently been gained in bacteria. As these proteins also are present among archaea, it is likely that the new information will also be essential for understanding archaeal genome segregation and Cell division. A series of interesting Cell Cycle issues has been brought to light through the discovery of the novel Nanoarchaeota phylum, and these are outlined briefly. Exciting areas for extended Cell Cycle investigations of archaea are identified, including termination of chromosome replication, application of in situ cytological techniques for localization of Cell Cycle proteins and the regulatory roles of GTP-binding proteins and small RNAs.
Marco Foiani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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regulation of dna repair throughout the Cell Cycle
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2008Co-Authors: Dana Branzei, Marco FoianiAbstract:Recent studies have provided insights into the mechanisms that regulate DNA repair in specific Cell-Cycle phases and the pathways that ensure Cell-Cycle progression or arrest in normal and cancerous Cells. Understanding how DNA repair is modulated during the Cell Cycle has important applications. The repair of DNA lesions that occur endogenously or in response to diverse genotoxic stresses is indispensable for genome integrity. DNA lesions activate checkpoint pathways that regulate specific DNA-repair mechanisms in the different phases of the Cell Cycle. Checkpoint-arrested Cells resume Cell-Cycle progression once damage has been repaired, whereas Cells with unrepairable DNA lesions undergo permanent Cell-Cycle arrest or apoptosis. Recent studies have provided insights into the mechanisms that contribute to DNA repair in specific Cell-Cycle phases and have highlighted the mechanisms that ensure Cell-Cycle progression or arrest in normal and cancerous Cells.
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regulation of dna repair throughout the Cell Cycle
Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 2008Co-Authors: Dana Branzei, Marco FoianiAbstract:The repair of DNA lesions that occur endogenously or in response to diverse genotoxic stresses is indispensable for genome integrity. DNA lesions activate checkpoint pathways that regulate specific DNA-repair mechanisms in the different phases of the Cell Cycle. Checkpoint-arrested Cells resume Cell-Cycle progression once damage has been repaired, whereas Cells with unrepairable DNA lesions undergo permanent Cell-Cycle arrest or apoptosis. Recent studies have provided insights into the mechanisms that contribute to DNA repair in specific Cell-Cycle phases and have highlighted the mechanisms that ensure Cell-Cycle progression or arrest in normal and cancerous Cells.
Harley H Mcadams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dynamic translation regulation in caulobacter Cell Cycle control
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2016Co-Authors: Jared M Schrader, Seth W Childers, Adam M Perez, Jonathan S Weissman, Lucy Shapiro, Harley H McadamsAbstract:Progression of the Caulobacter Cell Cycle requires temporal and spatial control of gene expression, culminating in an asymmetric Cell division yielding distinct daughter Cells. To explore the contribution of translational control, RNA-seq and ribosome profiling were used to assay global transcription and translation levels of individual genes at six times over the Cell Cycle. Translational efficiency (TE) was used as a metric for the relative rate of protein production from each mRNA. TE profiles with similar Cell Cycle patterns were found across multiple clusters of genes, including those in operons or in subsets of operons. Collections of genes associated with central Cell Cycle functional modules (e.g., biosynthesis of stalk, flagellum, or chemotaxis machinery) have consistent but different TE temporal patterns, independent of their operon organization. Differential translation of operon-encoded genes facilitates precise Cell Cycle-timing for the dynamic assembly of multiprotein complexes, such as the flagellum and the stalk and the correct positioning of regulatory proteins to specific Cell poles. The Cell Cycle-regulatory pathways that produce specific temporal TE patterns are separate from-but highly coordinated with-the transcriptional Cell Cycle circuitry, suggesting that the scheduling of translational regulation is organized by the same cyclical regulatory circuit that directs the transcriptional control of the Caulobacter Cell Cycle.
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the global regulatory architecture of transcription during the caulobacter Cell Cycle
PLOS Genetics, 2015Co-Authors: Bo Zhou, Jared M Schrader, Harley H Mcadams, Virginia S Kalogeraki, Eduardo Abeliuk, Cong B Dinh, James Q Pham, Zhongying Z Cui, David L Dill, Lucy ShapiroAbstract:Each Caulobacter Cell Cycle involves differentiation and an asymmetric Cell division driven by a cyclical regulatory circuit comprised of four transcription factors (TFs) and a DNA methyltransferase. Using a modified global 5′ RACE protocol, we globally mapped transcription start sites (TSSs) at base-pair resolution, measured their transcription levels at multiple times in the Cell Cycle, and identified their transcription factor binding sites. Out of 2726 TSSs, 586 were shown to be Cell Cycle-regulated and we identified 529 binding sites for the Cell Cycle master regulators. Twenty-three percent of the Cell Cycle-regulated promoters were found to be under the combinatorial control of two or more of the global regulators. Previously unknown features of the core Cell Cycle circuit were identified, including 107 antisense TSSs which exhibit Cell Cycle-control, and 241 genes with multiple TSSs whose transcription levels often exhibited different Cell Cycle timing. Cumulatively, this study uncovered novel new layers of transcriptional regulation mediating the bacterial Cell Cycle.
Magnus Lundgren - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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genome wide transcription map of an archaeal Cell Cycle
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2007Co-Authors: Magnus Lundgren, Rolf BernanderAbstract:Relative RNA abundance was measured at different Cell-Cycle stages in synchronized cultures of the hyperthermophilic archaeon Sulfolobus acidocaldarius. Cyclic induction was observed for >160 genes, demonstrating central roles for transcriptional regulation and Cell-Cycle-specific gene expression in archaeal Cell-Cycle progression. Many replication genes were induced in a Cell-Cycle-specific manner, and novel replisome components are likely to be among the genes of unknown function with similar induction patterns. Candidate genes for the unknown genome segregation and Cell division machineries were also identified, as well as seven transcription factors likely to be involved in Cell-Cycle control. Two serine-threonine protein kinases showed distinct Cell-Cycle-specific induction, suggesting regulation of the archaeal Cell Cycle also through protein modification. Two candidate recognition elements, CCR boxes, for transcription factors in control of Cell-Cycle regulons were identified among gene sets with similar induction kinetics. The results allow detailed characterization of the genome segregation, division, and replication processes and may, because of the extensive homologies between the archaeal and eukaryotic information machineries, also be applicable to core features of the eukaryotic Cell Cycle.
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archaeal Cell Cycle progress
Current Opinion in Microbiology, 2005Co-Authors: Magnus Lundgren, Rolf BernanderAbstract:The discovery of multiple chromosome replication origins in Sulfolobus species has added yet another eukaryotic trait to the archaea, and brought new levels of complexity to the Cell Cycle in terms of initiation of chromosome replication, replication termination and chromosome decatenation. Conserved repeated DNA elements — origin recognition boxes — have been identified in the origins of replication, and shown to bind the Orc1/Cdc6 proteins involved in Cell Cycle control. The origin recognition boxes aid in the identification and characterization of new origins, and their conservation suggests that most archaea have a similar replication initiation mechanism. Cell-Cycle-dependent variation in Orc1/Cdc6 levels has been demonstrated, reminiscent of variations in cyclin levels during the eukaryotic Cell Cycle. Information about archaeal chromosome segregation is also accumulating, including the identification of a protein that binds to short regularly spaced repeats that might constitute centromer-like elements. In addition, studies of Cell-Cycle-specific gene expression have potential to reveal, in the near future, missing components in crenarchaeal chromosome replication, genome segregation and Cell division. Together with an increased number of physiological and cytological investigations of the overall organization of the Cell Cycle, rapid progress of the archaeal Cell Cycle field is evident, and archaea, in particular Sulfolobus species, are emerging as simple and powerful models for the eukaryotic Cell Cycle.
T M Holzen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Cell Cycle regulation of dna replication
Annual Review of Genetics, 2007Co-Authors: Robert A Sclafani, T M HolzenAbstract:Eukaryotic DNA replication is regulated to ensure all chromosomes replicate once and only once per Cell Cycle. Replication begins at many origins scattered along each chromosome. Except for budding yeast, origins are not defined DNA sequences and probably are inherited by epigenetic mechanisms. Initiation at origins occurs throughout the S phase according to a temporal program that is important in regulating gene expression during development. Most replication proteins are conserved in evolution in eukaryotes and archaea, but not in bacteria. However, the mechanism of initiation is conserved and consists of origin recognition, assembly of prereplication (pre-RC) initiative complexes, helicase activation, and replisome loading. Cell Cycle regulation by protein phosphorylation ensures that pre-RC assembly can only occur in G1 phase, whereas helicase activation and loading can only occur in S phase. Checkpoint regulation maintains high fidelity by stabilizing replication forks and preventing Cell Cycle progr...
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Cell Cycle regulation of dna replication
Annual Review of Genetics, 2007Co-Authors: Robert A Sclafani, T M HolzenAbstract:Eukaryotic DNA replication is regulated to ensure all chromosomes replicate once and only once per Cell Cycle. Replication begins at many origins scattered along each chromosome. Except for budding yeast, origins are not defined DNA sequences and probably are inherited by epigenetic mechanisms. Initiation at origins occurs throughout the S phase according to a temporal program that is important in regulating gene expression during development. Most replication proteins are conserved in evolution in eukaryotes and archaea, but not in bacteria. However, the mechanism of initiation is conserved and consists of origin recognition, assembly of prereplication (pre-RC) initiative complexes, helicase activation, and replisome loading. Cell Cycle regulation by protein phosphorylation ensures that pre-RC assembly can only occur in G1 phase, whereas helicase activation and loading can only occur in S phase. Checkpoint regulation maintains high fidelity by stabilizing replication forks and preventing Cell Cycle progression during replication stress or damage.
