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Peter M. Rogowsky - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vacuolar H^+-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (Vpp1) marks partial aleurone Cell Fate in cereal endosperm development
Plant Molecular Biology, 2004Co-Authors: Jean-pierre Wisniewski, Peter M. RogowskyAbstract:Cereal endosperm is a model system for Cell Fate determination in plants. In wild-type plants the outermost endosperm Cells adopt aleurone Cell Fate, while all underlying Cells display starchy endosperm Cell Fate. Mutant analysis showed that Cell Fate is determined by position rather than lineage. To further characterise the precise Cell Fate of the outermost Cells, we performed a differential screen and isolated the novel marker gene Vpp1 . It encodes a vacuolar H^+-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) and is mainly expressed in kernels, leaves and tassels. In kernels, its expression is restricted to the aleurone layer with the maximum of expression shifting from the adaxial to the abaxial side during early stages. Together with three other marker genes Vpp1 was then used to analyse the Cell Fate of the outermost Cells in Dap3 , Dap7 , cr4 and dek1 mutants, all of which have aberrant aleurone layers. In the Dap3 and Dap7 mutants the Vpp1 and Ltp2 markers but not the A1 and Zein markers were expressed in patches without aleurone indicating that the outermost Cells had some but not all features of aleurone Cells and did not simply adopt starchy endosperm Cell Fate. A similar result was obtained in the cr4 mutant, although Ltp2 expression was less generalised. In other Dap7 patches characterised by multiple aleurone-like Cell layers the expression of Vpp1 and Ltp2 confirmed the aleurone Cell Fate of the Cells in the additional Cell layers. The analysis of dek1 mutants confirmed the starchy endosperm Cell Fate of the majority but not all outermost Cells. Based on these data we propose a model suggesting a stepwise commitment to aleurone Cell Fate. Sequential steps are marked by the expression of Vpp1 , the expression of Ltp2 , the acquisition of a regular shape and thick walls and finally pigmentation coupled with A1 expression.
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Vacuolar H+-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (Vpp1) marks partial aleurone Cell Fate in cereal endosperm development.
Plant molecular biology, 2004Co-Authors: Jean-pierre Wisniewski, Peter M. RogowskyAbstract:Cereal endosperm is a model system for Cell Fate determination in plants. In wild-type plants the outermost endosperm Cells adopt aleurone Cell Fate, while all underlying Cells display starchy endosperm Cell Fate. Mutant analysis showed that Cell Fate is determined by position rather than lineage. To further characterise the precise Cell Fate of the outermost Cells, we performed a differential screen and isolated the novel marker gene Vpp1. It encodes a vacuolar H+-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) and is mainly expressed in kernels, leaves and tassels. In kernels, its expression is restricted to the aleurone layer with the maximum of expression shifting from the adaxial to the abaxial side during early stages. Together with three other marker genes Vpp1 was then used to analyse the Cell Fate of the outermost Cells in Dap3, Dap7, cr4 and dek1 mutants, all of which have aberrant aleurone layers. In the Dap3 and Dap7 mutants the Vpp1 and Ltp2 markers but not the A1 and Zein markers were expressed in patches without aleurone indicating that the outermost Cells had some but not all features of aleurone Cells and did not simply adopt starchy endosperm Cell Fate. A similar result was obtained in the cr4 mutant, although Ltp2 expression was less generalised. In other Dap7 patches characterised by multiple aleurone-like Cell layers the expression of Vpp1 and Ltp2 confirmed the aleurone Cell Fate of the Cells in the additional Cell layers. The analysis of dek1 mutants confirmed the starchy endosperm Cell Fate of the majority but not all outermost Cells. Based on these data we propose a model suggesting a stepwise commitment to aleurone Cell Fate. Sequential steps are marked by the expression of Vpp1, the expression of Ltp2, the acquisition of a regular shape and thick walls and finally pigmentation coupled with A1 expression.
Constance L Cepko - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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vertebrate neural Cell Fate determination lessons from the retina
Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2001Co-Authors: Frederick J Livesey, Constance L CepkoAbstract:Postmitotic neurons are produced from a pool of cycling progenitors in an orderly fashion during development. Studies of Cell-Fate determination in the vertebrate retina have uncovered several fundamental principles by which this is achieved. Most notably, a model for vertebrate Cell-Fate determination has been proposed that combines findings on the relative roles of extrinsic and intrinsic regulators in controlling Cell-Fate choices. At the heart of the model is the proposal that progenitors pass through intrinsically determined competence states, during which they are capable of giving rise to a limited subset of Cell types under the influence of extrinsic signals.
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Vertebrate neural Cell-Fate determination: Lessons from the retina
Nature Reviews Neuroscience, 2001Co-Authors: Frederick J Livesey, Constance L CepkoAbstract:Postmitotic neurons are produced from a pool of cycling progenitors in an orderly fashion during development. It is well established that this process of neural Cell-Fate determination is regulated by a combination of extrinsic and intrinsic influences. The competence model of retinal development proposes that progenitors pass through a series of competence states. During each state, the progenitors are competent to produce a subset of retinal Cell types. A more complex model proposes that a heterogeneous pool of progenitors passes through competence states, with different sub-populations biased to give rise to different subsets of Cell types. The available data indicate that competence states are intrinsically determined at the level of gene and protein expression, whereas the production of a particular Cell Fate from a Cell that is within a competence state might be regulated to a large degree by extrinsic signalling. A key question is how a progenitor moves between competence states. Of particular interest is whether there is a need for an active signal or an internal motor to drive a progenitor between competence states, or whether the generation of committed progeny somehow alters the competence of progenitors. Cycling retinal progenitors make several decisions during the Cell cycle regarding the Fate of their progeny, including the type of Cell division they will undergo and the Fates of their progeny. A critical question is whether there is a hierarchy of decision-making, whereby Cells first decide that both progeny will exit the Cell cycle and then use the available extrinsic and intrinsic signalling information to decide on the Fate of those Cells. Alternatively, Cells might make a single, integrated decision. The available data indicate that it is unlikely to be one single decision. Studies of neural Cell-Fate determination in the cerebral cortex, spinal cord and neural crest have indicated that this model might be applicable to these tissues as well for generating multiple Cell types from a progenitor population over time. In all of those tissues, many of the key features of this model have been observed, including changing competence over time and the ability of extrinsic factors acting on progenitors to affect the Cell-Fate choices of their progeny. Postmitotic neurons are produced from a pool of cycling progenitors in an orderly fashion during development. Studies of Cell-Fate determination in the vertebrate retina have uncovered several fundamental principles by which this is achieved. Most notably, a model for vertebrate Cell-Fate determination has been proposed that combines findings on the relative roles of extrinsic and intrinsic regulators in controlling Cell-Fate choices. At the heart of the model is the proposal that progenitors pass through intrinsically determined competence states, during which they are capable of giving rise to a limited subset of Cell types under the influence of extrinsic signals.
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Cell Fate determination in the vertebrate retina
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 1996Co-Authors: Constance L Cepko, Christopher P Austin, Xianjie Yang, Macrene R Alexiades, Diala EzzeddineAbstract:In the vertebrate central nervous system, the retina has been a useful model for studies of Cell Fate determination. Recent results from studies conducted in vitro and in vivo suggest a model of retinal development in which both the progenitor Cells and the environment change over time. The model is based upon the notion that the mitotic Cells within the retina change in their response properties, or "competence", during development. These changes presage the ordered appearance of distinct Cell types during development and appear to be necessary for the production of the distinct Cell types. As the response properties of the Cells change, so too do the environmental signals that the Cells encounter. Together, intrinsic properties and extrinsic cues direct the choice of Cell Fate.
Jean-pierre Wisniewski - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Vacuolar H^+-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (Vpp1) marks partial aleurone Cell Fate in cereal endosperm development
Plant Molecular Biology, 2004Co-Authors: Jean-pierre Wisniewski, Peter M. RogowskyAbstract:Cereal endosperm is a model system for Cell Fate determination in plants. In wild-type plants the outermost endosperm Cells adopt aleurone Cell Fate, while all underlying Cells display starchy endosperm Cell Fate. Mutant analysis showed that Cell Fate is determined by position rather than lineage. To further characterise the precise Cell Fate of the outermost Cells, we performed a differential screen and isolated the novel marker gene Vpp1 . It encodes a vacuolar H^+-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) and is mainly expressed in kernels, leaves and tassels. In kernels, its expression is restricted to the aleurone layer with the maximum of expression shifting from the adaxial to the abaxial side during early stages. Together with three other marker genes Vpp1 was then used to analyse the Cell Fate of the outermost Cells in Dap3 , Dap7 , cr4 and dek1 mutants, all of which have aberrant aleurone layers. In the Dap3 and Dap7 mutants the Vpp1 and Ltp2 markers but not the A1 and Zein markers were expressed in patches without aleurone indicating that the outermost Cells had some but not all features of aleurone Cells and did not simply adopt starchy endosperm Cell Fate. A similar result was obtained in the cr4 mutant, although Ltp2 expression was less generalised. In other Dap7 patches characterised by multiple aleurone-like Cell layers the expression of Vpp1 and Ltp2 confirmed the aleurone Cell Fate of the Cells in the additional Cell layers. The analysis of dek1 mutants confirmed the starchy endosperm Cell Fate of the majority but not all outermost Cells. Based on these data we propose a model suggesting a stepwise commitment to aleurone Cell Fate. Sequential steps are marked by the expression of Vpp1 , the expression of Ltp2 , the acquisition of a regular shape and thick walls and finally pigmentation coupled with A1 expression.
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Vacuolar H+-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (Vpp1) marks partial aleurone Cell Fate in cereal endosperm development.
Plant molecular biology, 2004Co-Authors: Jean-pierre Wisniewski, Peter M. RogowskyAbstract:Cereal endosperm is a model system for Cell Fate determination in plants. In wild-type plants the outermost endosperm Cells adopt aleurone Cell Fate, while all underlying Cells display starchy endosperm Cell Fate. Mutant analysis showed that Cell Fate is determined by position rather than lineage. To further characterise the precise Cell Fate of the outermost Cells, we performed a differential screen and isolated the novel marker gene Vpp1. It encodes a vacuolar H+-translocating inorganic pyrophosphatase (V-PPase) and is mainly expressed in kernels, leaves and tassels. In kernels, its expression is restricted to the aleurone layer with the maximum of expression shifting from the adaxial to the abaxial side during early stages. Together with three other marker genes Vpp1 was then used to analyse the Cell Fate of the outermost Cells in Dap3, Dap7, cr4 and dek1 mutants, all of which have aberrant aleurone layers. In the Dap3 and Dap7 mutants the Vpp1 and Ltp2 markers but not the A1 and Zein markers were expressed in patches without aleurone indicating that the outermost Cells had some but not all features of aleurone Cells and did not simply adopt starchy endosperm Cell Fate. A similar result was obtained in the cr4 mutant, although Ltp2 expression was less generalised. In other Dap7 patches characterised by multiple aleurone-like Cell layers the expression of Vpp1 and Ltp2 confirmed the aleurone Cell Fate of the Cells in the additional Cell layers. The analysis of dek1 mutants confirmed the starchy endosperm Cell Fate of the majority but not all outermost Cells. Based on these data we propose a model suggesting a stepwise commitment to aleurone Cell Fate. Sequential steps are marked by the expression of Vpp1, the expression of Ltp2, the acquisition of a regular shape and thick walls and finally pigmentation coupled with A1 expression.
Takahisa Furukawa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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otx2 homeobox gene controls retinal photoreceptor Cell Fate and pineal gland development
Nature Neuroscience, 2003Co-Authors: Akihiro Nishida, Akiko Furukawa, Takahisa Furukawa, Isao Matsuo, Shinichi Aizawa, Chieko Koike, Yasuo TanoAbstract:Understanding the molecular mechanisms by which distinct Cell Fate is determined during organogenesis is a central issue in development and disease. Here, using conditional gene ablation in mice, we show that the transcription factor Otx2 is essential for retinal photoreceptor Cell Fate determination and development of the pineal gland. Otx2-deficiency converted differentiating photoreceptor Cells to amacrine-like neurons and led to a total lack of pinealocytes in the pineal gland. We also found that Otx2 transactivates the cone-rod homeobox gene Crx, which is required for terminal differentiation and maintenance of photoreceptor Cells. Furthermore, retroviral gene transfer of Otx2 steers retinal progenitor Cells toward becoming photoreceptors. Thus, Otx2 is a key regulatory gene for the Cell Fate determination of retinal photoreceptor Cells. Our results reveal the key molecular steps required for photoreceptor Cell-Fate determination and pinealocyte development.
Jie Zheng - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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A polynomial based model for Cell Fate prediction in human diseases
BMC Systems Biology, 2017Co-Authors: Jie ZhengAbstract:Background Cell Fate regulation directly affects tissue homeostasis and human health. Research on Cell Fate decision sheds light on key regulators, facilitates understanding the mechanisms, and suggests novel strategies to treat human diseases that are related to abnormal Cell development. Results In this study, we proposed a polynomial based model to predict Cell Fate. This model was derived from Taylor series. As a case study, gene expression data of pancreatic Cells were adopted to test and verify the model. As numerous features (genes) are available, we employed two kinds of feature selection methods, i.e. correlation based and apoptosis pathway based. Then polynomials of different degrees were used to refine the Cell Fate prediction function. 10-fold cross-validation was carried out to evaluate the performance of our model. In addition, we analyzed the stability of the resultant Cell Fate prediction model by evaluating the ranges of the parameters, as well as assessing the variances of the predicted values at randomly selected points. Results show that, within both the two considered gene selection methods, the prediction accuracies of polynomials of different degrees show little differences. Interestingly, the linear polynomial (degree 1 polynomial) is more stable than others. When comparing the linear polynomials based on the two gene selection methods, it shows that although the accuracy of the linear polynomial that uses correlation analysis outcomes is a little higher (achieves 86.62%), the one within genes of the apoptosis pathway is much more stable. Conclusions Considering both the prediction accuracy and the stability of polynomial models of different degrees, the linear model is a preferred choice for Cell Fate prediction with gene expression data of pancreatic Cells. The presented Cell Fate prediction model can be extended to other Cells, which may be important for basic research as well as clinical study of Cell development related diseases.
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A polynomial based model for Cell Fate prediction in human diseases.
BMC systems biology, 2017Co-Authors: Jie ZhengAbstract:Cell Fate regulation directly affects tissue homeostasis and human health. Research on Cell Fate decision sheds light on key regulators, facilitates understanding the mechanisms, and suggests novel strategies to treat human diseases that are related to abnormal Cell development. In this study, we proposed a polynomial based model to predict Cell Fate. This model was derived from Taylor series. As a case study, gene expression data of pancreatic Cells were adopted to test and verify the model. As numerous features (genes) are available, we employed two kinds of feature selection methods, i.e. correlation based and apoptosis pathway based. Then polynomials of different degrees were used to refine the Cell Fate prediction function. 10-fold cross-validation was carried out to evaluate the performance of our model. In addition, we analyzed the stability of the resultant Cell Fate prediction model by evaluating the ranges of the parameters, as well as assessing the variances of the predicted values at randomly selected points. Results show that, within both the two considered gene selection methods, the prediction accuracies of polynomials of different degrees show little differences. Interestingly, the linear polynomial (degree 1 polynomial) is more stable than others. When comparing the linear polynomials based on the two gene selection methods, it shows that although the accuracy of the linear polynomial that uses correlation analysis outcomes is a little higher (achieves 86.62%), the one within genes of the apoptosis pathway is much more stable. Considering both the prediction accuracy and the stability of polynomial models of different degrees, the linear model is a preferred choice for Cell Fate prediction with gene expression data of pancreatic Cells. The presented Cell Fate prediction model can be extended to other Cells, which may be important for basic research as well as clinical study of Cell development related diseases.