The Experts below are selected from a list of 21426 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Rebecca Richardskortum - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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confocal fluorescence microscopy for rapid evaluation of invasive tumor Cellularity of inflammatory breast carcinoma core needle biopsies
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 2015Co-Authors: Jessica Dobbs, Savitri Krishnamurthy, Matthew Kyrish, Ana Paula Benveniste, Wei Tse Yang, Rebecca RichardskortumAbstract:Tissue sampling is a problematic issue for inflammatory breast carcinoma, and immediate evaluation following core needle biopsy is needed to evaluate specimen adequacy. We sought to determine if confocal fluorescence microscopy provides sufficient resolution to evaluate specimen adequacy by comparing invasive tumor Cellularity estimated from standard histologic images to invasive tumor Cellularity estimated from confocal images of breast core needle biopsy specimens. Grayscale confocal fluorescence images of breast core needle biopsy specimens were acquired following proflavine application. A breast-dedicated pathologist evaluated invasive tumor Cellularity in histologic images with hematoxylin and eosin staining and in grayscale and false-colored confocal images of cores. Agreement between Cellularity estimates was quantified using a kappa coefficient. 23 cores from 23 patients with suspected inflammatory breast carcinoma were imaged. Confocal images were acquired in an average of less than 2 min per core. Invasive tumor Cellularity estimated from histologic and grayscale confocal images showed moderate agreement by kappa coefficient: κ = 0.48 ± 0.09 (p < 0.001). Grayscale confocal images require less than 2 min for acquisition and allow for evaluation of invasive tumor Cellularity in breast core needle biopsy specimens with moderate agreement to histologic images. We show that confocal fluorescence microscopy can be performed immediately following specimen acquisition and could indicate the need for additional biopsies at the initial visit.
Yousuke Takahama - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a role for pref 1 and hes 1 in thymocyte development
Journal of Immunology, 2000Co-Authors: Midori Kaneta, Kazuhiro Sudo, Yousuke Takahama, Masatake Osawa, Hiromitsu Nakauchi, Mitsujiro Osawa, Andrew G FarrAbstract:T lymphocyte development requires a series of interactions between developing thymocytes and thymic epithelial (TE) cells. In this paper we show that TE cells in the developing thymus express Pref-1, a Delta-like cell-surface molecule. In fetal thymus organ cultures (FTOC), thymocyte Cellularity was increased by the exogenous dimeric Pref-1 fusion protein, but was reduced by the soluble Pref-1 monomer or anti-Pref-1 Ab. Dimeric Pref-1 in FTOC also increased thymocyte expression of the HES-1 transcription factor. Thymocyte Cellularity was increased in FTOC repopulated with immature thymocytes overexpressing HES-1, whereas FTOC from HES-1-deficient mice were hypocellular and unresponsive to the Pref-1 dimer. We detected no effects of either Pref-1 or HES-1 on developmental choice among thymocyte lineages. These results indicate that Pref-1 expressed by TE cells and HES-1 expressed by thymocytes are critically involved in supporting thymocyte Cellularity.
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a role for pref 1 and hes 1 in thymocyte development
Journal of Immunology, 2000Co-Authors: Midori Kaneta, Kazuhiro Sudo, Yousuke Takahama, Masatake Osawa, Hiromitsu Nakauchi, Mitsujiro Osawa, Andrew G FarrAbstract:T lymphocyte development requires a series of interactions between developing thymocytes and thymic epithelial (TE) cells. In this paper we show that TE cells in the developing thymus express Pref-1, a Delta-like cell-surface molecule. In fetal thymus organ cultures (FTOC), thymocyte Cellularity was increased by the exogenous dimeric Pref-1 fusion protein, but was reduced by the soluble Pref-1 monomer or anti-Pref-1 Ab. Dimeric Pref-1 in FTOC also increased thymocyte expression of the HES-1 transcription factor. Thymocyte Cellularity was increased in FTOC repopulated with immature thymocytes overexpressing HES-1, whereas FTOC from HES-1-deficient mice were hypocellular and unresponsive to the Pref-1 dimer. We detected no effects of either Pref-1 or HES-1 on developmental choice among thymocyte lineages. These results indicate that Pref-1 expressed by TE cells and HES-1 expressed by thymocytes are critically involved in supporting thymocyte Cellularity.
O Dudeck - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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diffusion weighted echo planar magnetic resonance imaging for the assessment of tumor Cellularity in patients with soft tissue sarcomas
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 2009Co-Authors: Dirk Schnapauff, M Zeile, Manuel Ben Niederhagen, Barbara Fleige, Perulf Tunn, Bernd Hamm, O DudeckAbstract:Purpose To investigate the eligibility of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) for the evaluation of tumor Cellularity in patients with soft-tissue sarcomas. Materials and Methods Thirty consecutive patients with a total of 31 histologically-proven soft-tissue sarcomas prospectively underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) including DWI with echo-planar imaging (EPI) technique immediately before open biopsy (N = 1) or tumor resection (N = 30). Fourteen patients had no previous anticancer treatment, 16 had received neoadjuvant therapy. Tumor Cellularity as determined from histological sections was compared with minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC). Results Tumor Cellularity correlated well with minimum ADC in a linear fashion, with a Pearson correlation coefficient of –0.88 (95% confidence interval [CI]: –0.75 to –0.96). This relationship was not influenced by prior anticancer treatment. There was only a tendency toward lower ADC in tumor with higher grading but no significant dependency (P = 0.08). Conclusion DWI has proven useful for the assessment of tumor Cellularity in soft-tissue sarcomas. In result, DWI may be used as a powerful noninvasive tool to monitor responses of cytotoxic treatment as reflected by changes in tumor Cellularity. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Toshinori Hirai - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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magnetic resonance imaging of pilocytic astrocytomas usefulness of the minimum apparent diffusion coefficient adc value for differentiation from high grade gliomas
Acta Radiologica, 2008Co-Authors: Ryuji Murakami, Toshinori Hirai, Hideo Nakamura, Mika Kitajima, Hirofumi Fukuoka, Ryo Toya, Jun Ichi Kuratsu, Yoji YamashitaAbstract:Background: On contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) images, pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) are usually well-enhanced tumors that may mimic high-grade gliomas (HGGs). On the other hand, it has been suggested that areas exhibiting minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values reflect the sites of highest Cellularity within heterogeneous tumors.Purpose: To test the hypothesis that the Cellularity of PAs is significantly different to the Cellularity of HGGs, which should result in significant differences in minimum ADC values.Material and Methods: Between 1999 and 2005, 15 patients (nine males, six females) with histopathologically confirmed PAs underwent pretreatment MR examination including diffusion-weighted (DW) imaging. We reviewed their MR findings with respect to the size, location, morphology, contrast enhancement, and minimum ADC value of the tumors. The minimum ADC values of the 15 PAs were compared with those of 104 HGGs diagnosed during the same period.Results: The diameter of the 15 PAs ...
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diffusion weighted imaging of metastatic brain tumors comparison with histologic type and tumor Cellularity
American Journal of Neuroradiology, 2006Co-Authors: Yoshiko Hayashida, Toshinori Hirai, S Morishita, M Kitajima, R Murakami, Yukunori Korogi, Keishi Makino, Hideo Nakamura, Ichiro Ikushima, Masayuki YamuraAbstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: On diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI), metastatic tumors of the brain may exhibit different signal intensities (SI) depending on their histology and Cellularity. The purpose of our study was to verify the hypotheses (1) that SI on DWI predict the histology of metastases and (2) that apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values reflect tumor Cellularity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We assessed conventional MR images, DWI, and ADC maps of 26 metastatic brain lesions from 26 patients, 13 of whom underwent surgery after the MR examination. Two radiologists performed qualitative assessment by consensus of the SI on DWI in areas corresponding to their enhancing portions. We measured the contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) on T2-weighted images and normalized ADC (nADC) values, and compared them with tumor Cellularity. RESULTS: The mean SI on DWI and the CNR on T2-weighted images were significantly lower in well differentiated than in poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas and lesions other than adenocarcinoma. The mean nADC value was significantly higher in well differentiated than poorly differentiated adenocarcinomas and lesions other than adenocarcinoma. All 3 small-cell carcinomas and 1 large-cell neuroendocrine carcinoma exhibited high SI on DWI. The nADC value showed a significant inverse correlation with tumor Cellularity. There was no significant correlation between the CNR and tumor Cellularity. CONCLUSION: The SI on DWI may predict the histology of metastases; well differentiated adenocarcinomas tended to be hypointense, and small- and large-cell neuroendocrine carcinomas showed hyperintensity. Their ADC values reflect tumor Cellularity.
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usefulness of diffusion weighted mri with echo planar technique in the evaluation of Cellularity in gliomas
Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging, 1999Co-Authors: Takeshi Sugahara, Toshinori Hirai, Yukunori Korogi, Ichiro Ikushima, Masato Kochi, Yoshinori Shigematu, T Okuda, Luxia Liang, Yasuyuki Komohara, Yukitaka UshioAbstract:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with echo-planar imaging (EPI) technique in depicting the tumor Cellularity and grading of gliomas. Twenty consecutive patients (13 men and 7 women, ranging in age from 13 to 69 years) with histologically proven gliomas were examined using a 1.5 T superconducting imager. Tumor Cellularity, analyzed with National Institutes of Health Image 1.60 software on a Macintosh computer, was compared with the minimum apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) and the signal intensity on the T2-weighted images. The relationship of the minimum ADC to the tumor grade was also evaluated. Tumor Cellularity correlated well with the minimum ADC value of the gliomas (P = 0.007), but not with the signal intensity on the T2-weighted images. The minimum ADC of the high-grade gliomas was significantly higher than that of the low-grade gliomas. Diffusion-weighted MRI with EPI is a useful technique for assessing the tumor Cellularity and grading of gliomas. This information is not obtained with conventional MRI and is useful for the diagnosis and characterization of gliomas. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 1999;9:53–60 © 1999 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
Jessica Dobbs - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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confocal fluorescence microscopy for rapid evaluation of invasive tumor Cellularity of inflammatory breast carcinoma core needle biopsies
Breast Cancer Research and Treatment, 2015Co-Authors: Jessica Dobbs, Savitri Krishnamurthy, Matthew Kyrish, Ana Paula Benveniste, Wei Tse Yang, Rebecca RichardskortumAbstract:Tissue sampling is a problematic issue for inflammatory breast carcinoma, and immediate evaluation following core needle biopsy is needed to evaluate specimen adequacy. We sought to determine if confocal fluorescence microscopy provides sufficient resolution to evaluate specimen adequacy by comparing invasive tumor Cellularity estimated from standard histologic images to invasive tumor Cellularity estimated from confocal images of breast core needle biopsy specimens. Grayscale confocal fluorescence images of breast core needle biopsy specimens were acquired following proflavine application. A breast-dedicated pathologist evaluated invasive tumor Cellularity in histologic images with hematoxylin and eosin staining and in grayscale and false-colored confocal images of cores. Agreement between Cellularity estimates was quantified using a kappa coefficient. 23 cores from 23 patients with suspected inflammatory breast carcinoma were imaged. Confocal images were acquired in an average of less than 2 min per core. Invasive tumor Cellularity estimated from histologic and grayscale confocal images showed moderate agreement by kappa coefficient: κ = 0.48 ± 0.09 (p < 0.001). Grayscale confocal images require less than 2 min for acquisition and allow for evaluation of invasive tumor Cellularity in breast core needle biopsy specimens with moderate agreement to histologic images. We show that confocal fluorescence microscopy can be performed immediately following specimen acquisition and could indicate the need for additional biopsies at the initial visit.