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Kewen Tang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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selective extraction of ecg from tea polyphenols by one step in Centrifugal Contactor separators modeling and application
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2019Co-Authors: Wanru Wang, Panliang Zhang, Fusong Liu, Kewen TangAbstract:One-step fractional extraction was developed to selectively extract (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) from tea polyphenols (TP) by using Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCSs). An efficient extraction system was constructed without reactive extractant. A model for fractional extraction was set up to study the effect of feed position, the number of stages (NTU), and phase ratio on extraction performance. Residual rate (R) was introduced to optimize the separation of low-concentration substance from complex tea polyphenols. Simulation and optimization are utilized to obtain the optimal parameters for separation of ECG from tea polyphenols. ECG has been separated by one-step fractional extraction with high purity of 98%, yield of 94%, and output of 397 g in 24 h, which is very promising for carrying out industrial production owing to continuous separation and low operation cost. The method has potential to separate objective substance with low content from multicomponent mixtures in an industrial scale.
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continuous chiral separation of 2 phenylbutyric acid by liquid liquid extraction in Centrifugal Contactor separators
Separation and Purification Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Guilin Dai, Kewen Tang, Panliang Zhang, Biquan Xiong, Yu LiuAbstract:Abstract The continuous enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction of 2-phenylbutyric acid (2-PBA) enantiomers by hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin (HE-β-CD) in aqueous phase using Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCSs) was studied. Purity (enantiomeric excess, ee) and yield (Y) were used to evaluate the process performance. A multistage equilibrium model was established on the basis of single-stage model for chiral extraction of 2-PBA enantiomers and the law of mass conservation. To verify the model, factors that influencing purity and yield were studied, such as rotational speed of CCSs, volume ratio of extract phase to wash phase (W/O), volume ratio of extract phase to feed phase (W/F), extractant concentration, pH value and number of stages. Results indicated that model predictions were in good accordance with experimental results. The model was applied to predict and optimize the symmetrical separation of 2-PBA enantiomers. The optimal condition was obtained as follows, rotational speed of 3000 rpm, W/O of 4.0, pH of 3.00 and HE-β-CD concentration of 0.05 mol/L, where equal enantiomeric excess (ee eq ) can reach up to 42%. The simulated results by the model reveal that the minimum number of stages for ee eq > 97% and ee eq > 99% is 60 and 82, respectively.
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Construction and application of a model on the resolution of tropic acid enantiomers by enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction in Centrifugal Contactor separators
Process Biochemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Shichuan Wang, Kewen Tang, Panliang Zhang, Biquan Xiong, Guilin Dai, Yu LiuAbstract:Abstract This paper reports on the construction and application of a mathematical model on multistage liquid-liquid extraction of tropic acid (TA) enantiomers in Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCSs). An efficient extraction system was obtained, where HE-β-CD and butyl acetate was selected as the best extractant and organic solvent. The mechanism of reactive extraction of TA enantiomers by HE-β-CD was proposed and the thermodynamic constants such as physical partition coefficient and reactive equilibrium constants were obtained, which combined with the law of mass conservation gave the basis for construction of the model. The model was applied to predict and optimize the symmetrical separation of TA enantiomers. The optimal condition was obtained as follows, O/W volume ratio of 3.0, pH of 3.00 and HE-β-CD concentration of 0.05 mol/L, where ee eq (equal enantiomeric excess) can reach up to 42%. The simulated results reveal that the minimum number of stages for ee eq > 97% and ee eq > 99% was 56 and 78, respectively.
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study on enantioseparation of α cyclopentyl mandelic acid enantiomers using continuous liquid liquid extraction in Centrifugal Contactor separators experiments and modeling
Chemical Engineering and Processing, 2016Co-Authors: Panliang Zhang, Xiaofeng Feng, Kewen TangAbstract:Abstract Multistage enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction (ELLE) of α-cyclopentyl-mandelic acid (α-CPMA) enantiomers using hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin (HE-β-CD) as extractant was studied in a cascade of Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCSs). Performance of the separation process was evaluated by enantiomeric excess (ee) and yield (Y). A multistage equilibrium model was established to predict and optimize the process. The influence of important factors on the multistage separation process, including the extract phase/washing phase ratio (W/O), the concentration of chiral selector, and the pH value of aqueous phase were investigated by experiments and modeling. It was found that the experimental results were in good agreement with the model predictions. The optimal conditions for symmetric separation involves a W/O ratio of 0.5, W/F ratio of 6, pH of 2.5, HE-β-CD concentration of 0.05 mol/L at 5 °C, where ee extract , ee raffinate , Y extract and Y raffinate can reach up to 39%, 35%, 65% and 71%, respectively. By modeling and optimization, the minimum number of stages was evaluated at 66 and 84 for ee eq > 97% and ee eq > 99% (ee eq represents equal enantiomeric excess).
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experimental and model studies on continuous separation of 2 phenylpropionic acid enantiomers by enantioselective liquid liquid extraction in Centrifugal Contactor separators
Chirality, 2016Co-Authors: Xiaofeng Feng, Kewen Tang, Pangliang Zhang, Shuangfeng YinAbstract:Multistage enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction (ELLE) of 2-phenylpropionic acid (2-PPA) enantiomers using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) as extractant was studied experimentally in a counter-current cascade of Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCSs). Performance of the process was evaluated by purity (enantiomeric excess, ee) and yield (Y). A multistage equilibrium model was established on the basis of single-stage model for chiral extraction of 2-PPA enantiomers and the law of mass conservation. A series of experiments on the extract phase/washing phase ratio (W/O ratio), extractant concentration, the pH value of aqueous phase, and the number of stages was conducted to verify the multistage equilibrium model. It was found that model predictions were in good agreement with the experimental results. The model was applied to predict and optimize the symmetrical separation of 2-PPA enantiomers. The optimal conditions for symmetric separation involves a W/O ratio of 0.6, pH of 2.5, and HP-β-CD concentration of 0.1 mol L(-1) at a temperature of 278 K, where eeeq (equal enantiomeric excess) can reach up to 37% and Yeq (equal yield) to 69%. By simulation and optimization, the minimum number of stages was evaluated at 98 and 106 for eeeq > 95% and eeeq > 97%.
Hero J Heeres - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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biphasic catalytic dehydration of sugars to 5 hydroxymethylfurfural in a continuous Centrifugal Contactor separator
The Netherlands' Catalysis and Chemistry Conference, 2021Co-Authors: Arne Hommes, H H Van De Bovenkamp, Hero J Heeres, Monique Bernardes Figueiredo, Thijs E Leeuwerik, Andre Heeres, Jun YueAbstract:The worldwide depletion of fossil resources requires renewable carbon feedstocks (e.g., biomass) for producing chemicals. 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) is a promising biobased platform chemical that can be converted into polymer building blocks, resins, pharmaceuticals and many other value-added components. HMF is typically synthesized by the homogeneous or heterogeneous acid-catalyzed dehydration of sugars (e.g., fructose) in water. In this process two main side reactions occur: the rehydration of HMF to formic acid and levulinic acid (LA; another a value-added chemical)2 and the HMF condensation with sugar to humins. To maximize HMF yields, a non-reactive organic extraction phase may be added in which HMF has a high solubility, thus suppressing HMF-involved side reactions in water. To enhance the HMF extraction rate, a high liquid-liquid mass transfer is desired. In this context, dedicated reactor engineering studies should be performed to intensify the extraction and make it attractive for industrial-scale production. A promising intensification tool for liquid-liquid processes is the continuous Centrifugal contractor separator (CCCS). In the CCCS, chemical reaction (in the annular zone) is combined with separation (in the inner centrifuge), so that HMF is easily retrieved from the organic phase (e.g., by distillation) and the aqueous phase can be recycled. Furthermore, the strong shear forces generated by Centrifugal forces in the CCCS typically results in an enhanced HMF extraction rate. In this work, the biphasic synthesis of HMF (and LA) was performed in a CCCS (CINC V02) using a homogeneous H2SO4 catalyst in the aqueous phase. The influence of organic solvent type, addition of NaCl in the aqueous phase, acid catalyst concentration, rotatory speed and aqueous to organic flow ratio were tested. Reactions with 2-methyltetrahydrofuran (MTHF) as the organic extraction solvent produced the highest HMF yield/selectivity, due to the high HMF partition coefficient therein. Addition of NaCl in the aqueous phase also increased the partition coefficient but did not affect the HMF yield/selectivity. Under relatively mild conditions (1200 rpm, 140 °C and 10 bar) and 20 min residence time the fructose conversion was 70% with 40-50% HMF yield and 60-70% selectivity, respectively. The use of sucrose (a disaccharide of fructose and glucose from sugar beet thick juice) as the feedstock resulted in 70% conversion of the fructose fraction with 50% HMF yield (>70% selectivity), whereas the glucose fraction remained mostly intact. A basic techno-economic analysis of the process under the optimized conditions will be performed to estimate the potential for the industrial HMF synthesis using the CCCS.
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process intensification of catalytic liquid liquid solid processes continuous biodiesel production using an immobilized lipase in a Centrifugal Contactor separator
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Miftahul Ilmi, J G M Winkelman, Arjan Kloekhorst, Gerrit Jan Willem Euverink, Chusnul Hidayat, Hero J HeeresAbstract:Abstract Biodiesel or fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) synthesis from sunflower oil and methanol using an immobilized lipase, an example of a liquid-liquid solid reaction, was studied in batch and various continuous reactor set-ups including the use of a Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCCS). The latter is an example of a highly intensified device, integrating liquid-liquid reactions and subsequent phase separations. An exploratory study in batch was performed to optimize enzyme and buffer concentrations. Close to quantitative biodiesel yields were obtained at 30 °C when using 20% (w/w) of enzyme after a batch time of about 250 min. Subsequent continuous biodiesel synthesis was performed in a stirred tank reactor (CSTR) and a CCCS device. In the latter case, the immobilized enzyme was present in the annular, outer zone of the device. Average biodiesel yields in the CSTR and CCCS were similar (72%-mol respectively) when using a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 3.3 and 3.03 h −1 , respectively, at 30 °C. Cascade experiments were performed in a CSTR followed by a CCCS with the immobilized enzyme present in both reactors. The cascade was run for 9 h without any operation issues and an average FAME yield of 85%-mol was obtained. The advantage of the use of the cascade compared to a single CSTR is an improved yield combined with an efficient separation of the biodiesel layer and the glycerol. The biodiesel yield was about constant during the run, indicating that enzyme deactivation was negligible. The performance of the various reactor configurations were modelled successfully using standard balances for continuous reactors in combination with a kinetic model derived from the batch experiments.
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experimental and modelling studies on continuous synthesis and refining of biodiesel in a dedicated bench scale unit using Centrifugal Contactor separator technology
European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2016Co-Authors: Muhammad Yusuf Abduh, Robert Manurung, Alberto Fernandez Martinez, Arjan Kloekhorst, Hero J HeeresAbstract:Continuous synthesis and refining of biodiesel (FAME) using a laboratory scale bench scale unit was explored. The unit consists of three major parts: (i) a continuous Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCCS) to perform the reaction between sunflower oil and methanol; (ii) a washing unit for the crude FAME with water/acetic acid consisting of a mixer and a liquid-liquid separator; and (iii) a FAME drying unit with air. The continuous setup was successfully used for a 4 h runtime without any operational issues. The CCCS was operated at an oil flow rate of 32 mL/min, rotational speed of 35 Hz, 60 degrees C, a catalyst concentration of 1.2% w/w and a methanol flow rate of 10 mL/min. The flow rate of water (containing 1% w/w acetic acid) for the biodiesel washing unit was 10 mL/min (20 degrees C); the air flow rate (5% humidity) was set at 12 L/min. After 4 h runtime, approximately 7 kg of refined FAME was produced from a cumulative sunflower oil feed of 7.07 kg. The ester content of the refined FAME was 98% w/w (GC). Other relevant product properties were also determined and most were shown to meet the ASTM specifications. The refining section was modelled and optimised using ASPEN software. Practical applications: Synthesis and refining of sunflower biodiesel was successfully performed in a dedicated bench scale unit using Centrifugal Contactor separator technology. Besides for large scale biodiesel production, this technology has particularly potential to be applied in small mobile biodiesel units due to the compact size, robustness, flexibility in operation and high volumetric productivity of the CCCS devices.
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Chapter 6 Continuous Chiral Separation of Amino Acid Derivatives by Enantioselective Liquid-Liquid Extraction in Centrifugal Contactor Separators
2015Co-Authors: Boelo Schuur, Jozef G M Winkelman, Johannes G De Vries, Joelle Floure, Andy Hallett, Hero J HeeresAbstract:The continuous enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction of aqueous 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-(R),(S)-leucine (DNB-R,S-leu) by a cinchona alkaloid extractant (C) in 1,2-dichloroethane using a Centrifugal Contact Separator (CCS) was studied at 294K. Typical concentrations were in the order of 1mM for both DNB-R,S-leu and C. The best results were found at a pH of 6, with 61 % yield for DNB-S-leu and an enantiomeric excess of 34%. Back extraction studies at different pH values showed that the host can be recovered efficiently in a single CCS, provided that pH> 9. Experimental studies indicate that the CCS behaves as an equilibrium extraction stage, even at total throughputs exceeding 50% of the equipment capacity (1.9 L min-1). A previously developed equilibrium stage extraction model was successfully applied to describe the data for both the extraction and the back-extraction experiments. Keywords: continuous liquid-liquid extraction; CINC V02 Centrifugal Contactor separator; process intensification; enantioselectivity; 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-(R),(S)-leucine; cinchona alkaloi
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recovery of acetic acid from an aqueous pyrolysis oil phase by reactive extraction using tri n octylamine
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2011Co-Authors: C B Rasrendra, J G M Winkelman, Hendrik H Van De Bovenkamp, B Girisuta, E J Leijenhorst, R H Venderbosch, Michael Windt, Dietrich Meier, Hero J HeeresAbstract:Abstract The application of reactive extraction to isolate organic acids, particularly acetic acid, from the aqueous stream of phase splitted pyrolysis oil using a long chain aliphatic tertiary amine is reported. Acetic acid recovery was optimized by selecting the proper amine and diluent combination and adjustment of the process conditions. The best results were obtained with tri-n-octylamine (TOA) in 2-ethyl-hexanol (40 wt%) with 84% acetic acid recovery at equilibrium conditions (room temperature). Other organic acids present in the feed (formic acid and glycolic acid) were also co-extracted (92% and 69% extraction efficiencies), as well as relatively non-polar compounds like substituted phenolics and ketones. The continuous reactive extraction process was successfully demonstrated in a Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCS) device, and acetic acid recoveries of 51% and 71% were obtained in a single CCS device and a two stage cross currently operated cascade, respectively.
Panliang Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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selective extraction of ecg from tea polyphenols by one step in Centrifugal Contactor separators modeling and application
Industrial & Engineering Chemistry Research, 2019Co-Authors: Wanru Wang, Panliang Zhang, Fusong Liu, Kewen TangAbstract:One-step fractional extraction was developed to selectively extract (−)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG) from tea polyphenols (TP) by using Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCSs). An efficient extraction system was constructed without reactive extractant. A model for fractional extraction was set up to study the effect of feed position, the number of stages (NTU), and phase ratio on extraction performance. Residual rate (R) was introduced to optimize the separation of low-concentration substance from complex tea polyphenols. Simulation and optimization are utilized to obtain the optimal parameters for separation of ECG from tea polyphenols. ECG has been separated by one-step fractional extraction with high purity of 98%, yield of 94%, and output of 397 g in 24 h, which is very promising for carrying out industrial production owing to continuous separation and low operation cost. The method has potential to separate objective substance with low content from multicomponent mixtures in an industrial scale.
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continuous chiral separation of 2 phenylbutyric acid by liquid liquid extraction in Centrifugal Contactor separators
Separation and Purification Technology, 2017Co-Authors: Guilin Dai, Kewen Tang, Panliang Zhang, Biquan Xiong, Yu LiuAbstract:Abstract The continuous enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction of 2-phenylbutyric acid (2-PBA) enantiomers by hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin (HE-β-CD) in aqueous phase using Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCSs) was studied. Purity (enantiomeric excess, ee) and yield (Y) were used to evaluate the process performance. A multistage equilibrium model was established on the basis of single-stage model for chiral extraction of 2-PBA enantiomers and the law of mass conservation. To verify the model, factors that influencing purity and yield were studied, such as rotational speed of CCSs, volume ratio of extract phase to wash phase (W/O), volume ratio of extract phase to feed phase (W/F), extractant concentration, pH value and number of stages. Results indicated that model predictions were in good accordance with experimental results. The model was applied to predict and optimize the symmetrical separation of 2-PBA enantiomers. The optimal condition was obtained as follows, rotational speed of 3000 rpm, W/O of 4.0, pH of 3.00 and HE-β-CD concentration of 0.05 mol/L, where equal enantiomeric excess (ee eq ) can reach up to 42%. The simulated results by the model reveal that the minimum number of stages for ee eq > 97% and ee eq > 99% is 60 and 82, respectively.
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Construction and application of a model on the resolution of tropic acid enantiomers by enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction in Centrifugal Contactor separators
Process Biochemistry, 2017Co-Authors: Shichuan Wang, Kewen Tang, Panliang Zhang, Biquan Xiong, Guilin Dai, Yu LiuAbstract:Abstract This paper reports on the construction and application of a mathematical model on multistage liquid-liquid extraction of tropic acid (TA) enantiomers in Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCSs). An efficient extraction system was obtained, where HE-β-CD and butyl acetate was selected as the best extractant and organic solvent. The mechanism of reactive extraction of TA enantiomers by HE-β-CD was proposed and the thermodynamic constants such as physical partition coefficient and reactive equilibrium constants were obtained, which combined with the law of mass conservation gave the basis for construction of the model. The model was applied to predict and optimize the symmetrical separation of TA enantiomers. The optimal condition was obtained as follows, O/W volume ratio of 3.0, pH of 3.00 and HE-β-CD concentration of 0.05 mol/L, where ee eq (equal enantiomeric excess) can reach up to 42%. The simulated results reveal that the minimum number of stages for ee eq > 97% and ee eq > 99% was 56 and 78, respectively.
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study on enantioseparation of α cyclopentyl mandelic acid enantiomers using continuous liquid liquid extraction in Centrifugal Contactor separators experiments and modeling
Chemical Engineering and Processing, 2016Co-Authors: Panliang Zhang, Xiaofeng Feng, Kewen TangAbstract:Abstract Multistage enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction (ELLE) of α-cyclopentyl-mandelic acid (α-CPMA) enantiomers using hydroxyethyl-β-cyclodextrin (HE-β-CD) as extractant was studied in a cascade of Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCSs). Performance of the separation process was evaluated by enantiomeric excess (ee) and yield (Y). A multistage equilibrium model was established to predict and optimize the process. The influence of important factors on the multistage separation process, including the extract phase/washing phase ratio (W/O), the concentration of chiral selector, and the pH value of aqueous phase were investigated by experiments and modeling. It was found that the experimental results were in good agreement with the model predictions. The optimal conditions for symmetric separation involves a W/O ratio of 0.5, W/F ratio of 6, pH of 2.5, HE-β-CD concentration of 0.05 mol/L at 5 °C, where ee extract , ee raffinate , Y extract and Y raffinate can reach up to 39%, 35%, 65% and 71%, respectively. By modeling and optimization, the minimum number of stages was evaluated at 66 and 84 for ee eq > 97% and ee eq > 99% (ee eq represents equal enantiomeric excess).
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optimization study on continuous separation of equol enantiomers using enantioselective liquid liquid extraction in Centrifugal Contactor separators
Process Biochemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Kewen Tang, Panliang Zhang, Yaqiong Wang, Yan Huang, Jie HuaAbstract:Abstract Multistage enantioselective liquid–liquid extraction (MELLE) of equol (EQU) enantiomers using hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) as extractant was studied experimentally in a countercurrent cascade of Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCSs). A model was built on the base of single-stage model for chiral extraction of EQU enantiomers and the law of mass conservation. A series of experiments on the extract phase/washing phase ratio (W/O), extract phase/feed phase ratio (W/F), extractant concentration, pH value and temperature have been conducted to verify the multistage equilibrium model. It is found that the model predictions are in good agreement with the experimental results. High purity and yield of enantiomer can be obtained by changing W/O or extractant concentration, pH value or increasing number of stages. The model was further applied to predict the symmetrical separation of EQU enantiomers. By simulation, optimal process parameters for the symmetrical separation of EQU enantiomers can be obtained. Higher eeeq (equal enantiomeric excess) can be obtained at a higher W/F or a smaller W/O, and more stages.
Boelo Schuur - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chapter 6 Continuous Chiral Separation of Amino Acid Derivatives by Enantioselective Liquid-Liquid Extraction in Centrifugal Contactor Separators
2015Co-Authors: Boelo Schuur, Jozef G M Winkelman, Johannes G De Vries, Joelle Floure, Andy Hallett, Hero J HeeresAbstract:The continuous enantioselective liquid-liquid extraction of aqueous 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-(R),(S)-leucine (DNB-R,S-leu) by a cinchona alkaloid extractant (C) in 1,2-dichloroethane using a Centrifugal Contact Separator (CCS) was studied at 294K. Typical concentrations were in the order of 1mM for both DNB-R,S-leu and C. The best results were found at a pH of 6, with 61 % yield for DNB-S-leu and an enantiomeric excess of 34%. Back extraction studies at different pH values showed that the host can be recovered efficiently in a single CCS, provided that pH> 9. Experimental studies indicate that the CCS behaves as an equilibrium extraction stage, even at total throughputs exceeding 50% of the equipment capacity (1.9 L min-1). A previously developed equilibrium stage extraction model was successfully applied to describe the data for both the extraction and the back-extraction experiments. Keywords: continuous liquid-liquid extraction; CINC V02 Centrifugal Contactor separator; process intensification; enantioselectivity; 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-(R),(S)-leucine; cinchona alkaloi
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hydrodynamic features of Centrifugal Contactor separators experimental studies on liquid hold up residence time distribution phase behavior and drop size distributions
Chemical Engineering and Processing, 2012Co-Authors: Boelo Schuur, J G M Winkelman, Gerard N Kraai, Hero Ja HeeresAbstract:The liquid hold-up, residence time distributions (RTD), drop size distributions and continuous/dispersed phase for a typical Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCS) of the type CINC V02 were determined experimentally for various L-L systems. The hold-up ratio of the different solvents was mainly a function of the selected weir. Most of the liquids reside in the centrifuge, whereas the annular zone is only partly filled as was determined for four water–organic (heptane, toluene, 1-octanol and dichloroethane) systems. The macro-mixing pattern of both liquid phases was determined experimentally using step responses for several aqueous–organic solvent combinations. Fitting the experimental curves to a standard tanks-in-series model without dead zone yielded large errors, very good fits were obtained for typically seven (continuous phase) or more (dispersed phase) tanks in series with a dead zone of typically about 20 mL. Drop size distribution measurements using a FBRM probe for various solvent combinations showed that the Sauter mean drop sizes of the dispersed phase were between 30 and 600 μ. The small drops indicate a very high specific interfacial area in the annular zone of up to 10 times the specific interfacial area in stirred tanks. Phase inversion was observed for several solvent combinations (e.g. water–1-octanol, water–dichloromethane and water–dichloroethane) and was found to be perfectly reversible
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experimental and modeling studies on the enantio separation of 3 5 dinitrobenzoyl r s leucine by continuous liquid liquid extraction in a cascade of Centrifugal Contactor separators
Chemical Engineering Science, 2010Co-Authors: Boelo Schuur, J G M Winkelman, Johannes G De Vries, Hero J HeeresAbstract:The continuous enantioselective liquid–liquid extraction of aqueous 3,5-dinitrobenzoyl-(R),(S)-leucine (AR,S) using O-(1-t-butylcarbamoyl)-11-octadecylsulfinyl-10,11-dihydro-quinine (C, a cinchona alkaloid) as extractant in 1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) was studied experimentally in a countercurrently operated pilot scale cascade of six Centrifugal Contactor separators (CCS) at 294 K. The extractant was efficiently recovered by back-extraction in a single CCS allowing the cascade to be run continuously for 10 h. The steady-state ee of AR (eeR) in the raffinate was 42% at a 99% yield, the AS was obtained with high purity (98% eeS) and a yield of 55% in the back-extraction raffinate. In total 2.23 g of AS was obtained at steady-state operation from 8.11 g racemate feed. Deterioration of the ee in time was not observed, demonstrating the robustness of the chemistry. The experiments were modeled using an equilibrium stage approach. The correlation between model and experiment was satisfactory. The model was applied to optimize the production of both enantiomers in >97% ee. At zero reflux, 12 stages are required for 99% ee for both enantiomers. Application of a reflux allows a 25% reduction of the total liquid flow through the system by reduction of the wash feed as well as a reduction in the number of stages from 12 to 11. With a configuration of 12 CINC-V02’s operating at an aqueous feed flow of 360 mL/min, the model predicts that 17.7 kg racemate per week may be separated into both enantiomers with 99% ee using only 60 g of extractant.
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novel highly integrated biodiesel production technology in a Centrifugal Contactor separator device
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Gerard N Kraai, Boelo Schuur, F Van Zwol, Hendrik H Van De Bovenkamp, Hero J HeeresAbstract:Abstract The base catalyzed production of biodiesel (FAME) from sunflower oil and methanol in a continuous Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCS) with integrated reaction and phase separation was studied. The effect of catalyst loading (sodium methoxide), temperature, rotational frequency and flow rates of the feed streams was investigated. An optimized and reproducible FAME yield of 96% was achieved at a feed rate of 12.6 mL min−1 sunflower oil and a sixfold molar excess of MeOH (3.15 mL min−1) containing the catalyst (1 wt% with respect to the oil). A jacket temperature of 75 °C and a rotational frequency of 30 Hz were applied. The productivity under those conditions ( 61 k g FAME m liquid − 3 mi n − 1 ) was slightly higher than for a conventional batch process. The main advantage is the combined reaction–separation in the CCS, eliminating the necessity of a subsequent liquid–liquid separation step.
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novel highly integrated biodiesel production technology in a Centrifugal Contactor separator device
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Gerard N Kraai, Boelo Schuur, F Van Zwol, H H Van De Bovenkamp, Hero J HeeresAbstract:The base catalyzed production of biodiesel (FAME) from sunflower oil and methanol in a continuous Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCS) with integrated reaction and phase separation was studied. The effect of catalyst loading (sodium methoxide), temperature, rotational frequency and flow rates of the feed streams was investigated. An optimized and reproducible FAME yield of 96% was achieved at a feed rate of 12.6 mL min(-1) sunflower oil and a sixfold molar excess of MeOH (3.15 mL, min(-1)) containing the catalyst (1 wt% with respect to the oil). A jacket temperature of 75 C and a rotational frequency of 30 Hz were applied. The productivity under those conditions (61 kg(FAME) m(liquid)(-3) min(-1)) was slightly higher than for a conventional batch process. The main advantage is the combined reaction-separation in the CCS, eliminating the necessity of a subsequent liquid-liquid separation step. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Hero J Heeres - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Optimization of Biodiesel Production over Chicken Eggshell-Derived CaO Catalyst in a Continuous Centrifugal Contactor Separator
2018Co-Authors: Ebrahim Fayyazi, Hero J Heeres, H H Van De Bovenkamp, Barat Ghobadian, Gholamhassan Najafi, Bahram Hosseinzadehsamani, Jun YueAbstract:Solid calcium oxide (CaO) catalyst was prepared via the calcination of chicken eggshells as an environmentally friendly waste resource and incorporated in a continuous Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCCS) for intensified biodiesel synthesis. Biodiesel or fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) were produced via the transesterification of sunflower oil (containing 5 wt % tetrahydrofuran as a cosolvent) with methanol under 60 °C and separated from the glycerol and catalyst phases continuously in the CCCS. The influence of reaction parameters on biodiesel production was well modeled by response surface methodology. At an oil flow rate of 9 mL/min, an alcohol to oil molar ratio of 11:1, and a weight hourly space time (defined as the catalyst weight over the oil mass flow rate) of 0.050 h, an optimized FAME yield of 83.2% with a productivity of 638 kgFAME/(m3reactor·h) was achieved. CaO catalyst was reused without significant activity loss for at least four cycles
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synthesis and refining of sunflower biodiesel in a cascade of continuous Centrifugal Contactor separators
European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2015Co-Authors: Muhammad Yusuf Abduh, Robert Manurung, Wouter Van Ulden, Hendrik H Van De Bovenkamp, Teddy Buntara, Francesco Picchioni, Hero J HeeresAbstract:The synthesis of fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) from sunflower oil and methanol was studied in a continuous Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCCS) using sodium methoxide as the catalyst. The effect of relevant process variables like oil and methanol flow rate, rotational speed and catalyst concentration was investigated and modelled using non-linear regression. Good agreement between experiments and model were obtained. At optimised conditions (oil flow rate of 31 mL/min, rotational speed of 34 Hz, catalyst concentration of 1.2%w/w and a methanol flow rate of 10 mL/min), the FAME yield was 94 mol% at a productivity of 2470 kg FAME/m3reactor.h. Proof of principle for the synthesis and subsequent refining of FAME in a cascade of two CCCS devices was also obtained. Relevant properties of the refined FAME obtained using this technology were determined and were shown to meet the ASTM specifications. Practical application: Synthesis and refining of sunflower biodiesel was successfully performed in a cascade of two CSSS devices. Besides for large scale biodiesel production, this technology has particularly potential to be applied in small mobile biodiesel units due to the compact size, robustness, flexibility in operation, and high volumetric productivity of the CCCS devices. Schematic representation of the process concept for continuous synthesis and refining of sunflower biodiesel synthesis in a cascade of continuous Centrifugal Contactor separators.
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biodiesel synthesis from jatropha curcas l oil and ethanol in a continuous Centrifugal Contactor separator
European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology, 2013Co-Authors: Hendrik H Van De Bovenkamp, Muhammad Yusuf Abduh, Wouter Van Ulden, Vijay Kalpoe, Robert Manurung, Hero J HeeresAbstract:The synthesis of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) from Jatropha curcas L. oil was studied in a batch reactor and a continuous Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCCS) using sodium ethoxide as the catalyst. The effect of relevant process variables like rotational speed, temperature, catalyst concentration, and molar ratio of ethanol to oil was investigated. Maximum yield of FAEE was 98?mol% for both the batch (70 degrees C, 600?rpm, 0.8% w/w of sodium ethoxide) and CCCS reactor configuration (60 degrees C, 2100?rpm, 1% w/w of sodium ethoxide, oil feed 28?mL/min). The volumetric production rate of FAEE in the CCCS at optimum conditions was 112?kgFAEE/m3liquid?.?min. Practical applications: The Jatropha curcas L. shrub produces a non-edible oil in yields up to 1.5?ton/(ha.?y), which is known to be suitable for biodiesel synthesis. We here report an experimental study on the synthesis of jatropha biodiesel using ethanol instead of methanol as the alcohol source. Ethanol is accessible from biomass by fermentation and as such a green alternative for methanol. In addition, it is more readily available in developing countries than methanol. Biodiesel synthesis was performed in a CSSS, a continuous device that integrates reaction and separation. The device has potential to be applied in small scale mobile biodiesel technology due to its compact size, robustness, flexibility in operation, and high volumetric productivities.
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novel highly integrated biodiesel production technology in a Centrifugal Contactor separator device
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Gerard N Kraai, Boelo Schuur, F Van Zwol, Hendrik H Van De Bovenkamp, Hero J HeeresAbstract:Abstract The base catalyzed production of biodiesel (FAME) from sunflower oil and methanol in a continuous Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCS) with integrated reaction and phase separation was studied. The effect of catalyst loading (sodium methoxide), temperature, rotational frequency and flow rates of the feed streams was investigated. An optimized and reproducible FAME yield of 96% was achieved at a feed rate of 12.6 mL min−1 sunflower oil and a sixfold molar excess of MeOH (3.15 mL min−1) containing the catalyst (1 wt% with respect to the oil). A jacket temperature of 75 °C and a rotational frequency of 30 Hz were applied. The productivity under those conditions ( 61 k g FAME m liquid − 3 mi n − 1 ) was slightly higher than for a conventional batch process. The main advantage is the combined reaction–separation in the CCS, eliminating the necessity of a subsequent liquid–liquid separation step.
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novel highly integrated biodiesel production technology in a Centrifugal Contactor separator device
Chemical Engineering Journal, 2009Co-Authors: Gerard N Kraai, Boelo Schuur, F Van Zwol, H H Van De Bovenkamp, Hero J HeeresAbstract:The base catalyzed production of biodiesel (FAME) from sunflower oil and methanol in a continuous Centrifugal Contactor separator (CCS) with integrated reaction and phase separation was studied. The effect of catalyst loading (sodium methoxide), temperature, rotational frequency and flow rates of the feed streams was investigated. An optimized and reproducible FAME yield of 96% was achieved at a feed rate of 12.6 mL min(-1) sunflower oil and a sixfold molar excess of MeOH (3.15 mL, min(-1)) containing the catalyst (1 wt% with respect to the oil). A jacket temperature of 75 C and a rotational frequency of 30 Hz were applied. The productivity under those conditions (61 kg(FAME) m(liquid)(-3) min(-1)) was slightly higher than for a conventional batch process. The main advantage is the combined reaction-separation in the CCS, eliminating the necessity of a subsequent liquid-liquid separation step. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.