The Experts below are selected from a list of 39 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Goutam Chandra - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hypolipidemic effect of steroid compound from Cestrum Diurnum (Solanaceae: Solanales) in normocholesterolemic albino rat
2017Co-Authors: Anupam Ghosh, Indranil Bhattacharjee, Goutam ChandraAbstract:The present study was carried out to establish the hypolipidemic effect of a phyto-steroid compound isolated from the chloroform: methanol extract of fresh mature leaves of the plant Cestrum Diurnum (Solanaceae: Solanales). Change in the haematological parameters was studied in normocholesterolemic albino rats after oral administration of single dose of isolated phytosteroid (2 mg/ day) up to 15 days and compared with control rats. Application of phytosteroid fraction resulted in a significant reduction in total plasma cholesterol and free cholesterol levels. The plasma triglyceride levels also decreased significantly. A sharp increase in the HDL cholesterol level and a significant decrease in the LDL and VLDL amount were also documented. Free fatty acid level was significantly low in treated rats.
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laboratory evaluation of a phytosteroid compound of mature leaves of day jasmine solanaceae solanales against larvae of culex quinquefasciatus diptera culicidae and nontarget organisms
Parasitology Research, 2008Co-Authors: Anupam Ghosh, Nandita Chowdhury, Goutam ChandraAbstract:Crude mature leaves extract of Day Jasmine, Cestrum Diurnum (Solanaceae: Solanales), was investigated for larvicidal activities against Culex quinquefasciatus, the vector of human filariasis. All the graded concentrations (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% v/v) showed significant (P < 0.05) larval mortality, and results of regression equations revealed that the mortality rates were positively correlated with the concentrations of the extract (R 2 close to 1). LC50, LC95, and LC99 values were calculated at different time intervals, and the lowest value was recorded at the 72-h bioassay for third-instar larvae. Significant changes in the larval mortality (F < 0.05) was also recorded between the periods of exposure and between instars during t test and single analysis of variance analysis. No mortality was noticed for nontarget organisms, such as Oreochromis niloticus niloticus and Chironomid larvae within 72 h of postexposure to 1%, 2%, and 3% crude plant extract under the laboratory condition. Qualitative and chromatographic analysis of the crude extract of C. Diurnum revealed the presence of many bioactive phytochemicals. The bioassay experiment with the third-instar larval form established that the presence of a steroid compound (R f, 0.67) was responsible for mosquitocidal activity.
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biocontrol efficacy of Cestrum Diurnum l solanaceae solanales against the larval forms of anopheles stephensi
Natural Product Research, 2006Co-Authors: Anupam Ghosh, Goutam ChandraAbstract:Cestrum Diurnum L. (Solanaceae: Solanales) is a multistemmed shrub that is also known as ‘Day Jasmine’. The efficacy of the plant as a strong biocontrol agent of the larval anopheline mosquito was evaluated in the laboratory and bioactive ingredients were characterized by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and infrared (IR) analysis. Thin layer chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of steroidal compound as a bioactive ingredient and IR analysis reported the presence of O–H group, C–S bond as a –CH2S group, H bonded −C=O group and carbonyl stress of esters. The LC50 value of the active ingredient was determined as 0.70, 0.89, 0.90 and 1.03 mg/100 mL−1, for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar larva respectively in 24 h study period. The active component was analyzed by GLC and GLC–MS and altogether 14 components were detected.
Anupam Ghosh - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Hypolipidemic effect of steroid compound from Cestrum Diurnum (Solanaceae: Solanales) in normocholesterolemic albino rat
2017Co-Authors: Anupam Ghosh, Indranil Bhattacharjee, Goutam ChandraAbstract:The present study was carried out to establish the hypolipidemic effect of a phyto-steroid compound isolated from the chloroform: methanol extract of fresh mature leaves of the plant Cestrum Diurnum (Solanaceae: Solanales). Change in the haematological parameters was studied in normocholesterolemic albino rats after oral administration of single dose of isolated phytosteroid (2 mg/ day) up to 15 days and compared with control rats. Application of phytosteroid fraction resulted in a significant reduction in total plasma cholesterol and free cholesterol levels. The plasma triglyceride levels also decreased significantly. A sharp increase in the HDL cholesterol level and a significant decrease in the LDL and VLDL amount were also documented. Free fatty acid level was significantly low in treated rats.
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laboratory evaluation of a phytosteroid compound of mature leaves of day jasmine solanaceae solanales against larvae of culex quinquefasciatus diptera culicidae and nontarget organisms
Parasitology Research, 2008Co-Authors: Anupam Ghosh, Nandita Chowdhury, Goutam ChandraAbstract:Crude mature leaves extract of Day Jasmine, Cestrum Diurnum (Solanaceae: Solanales), was investigated for larvicidal activities against Culex quinquefasciatus, the vector of human filariasis. All the graded concentrations (0.1%, 0.2%, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, and 3% v/v) showed significant (P < 0.05) larval mortality, and results of regression equations revealed that the mortality rates were positively correlated with the concentrations of the extract (R 2 close to 1). LC50, LC95, and LC99 values were calculated at different time intervals, and the lowest value was recorded at the 72-h bioassay for third-instar larvae. Significant changes in the larval mortality (F < 0.05) was also recorded between the periods of exposure and between instars during t test and single analysis of variance analysis. No mortality was noticed for nontarget organisms, such as Oreochromis niloticus niloticus and Chironomid larvae within 72 h of postexposure to 1%, 2%, and 3% crude plant extract under the laboratory condition. Qualitative and chromatographic analysis of the crude extract of C. Diurnum revealed the presence of many bioactive phytochemicals. The bioassay experiment with the third-instar larval form established that the presence of a steroid compound (R f, 0.67) was responsible for mosquitocidal activity.
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biocontrol efficacy of Cestrum Diurnum l solanaceae solanales against the larval forms of anopheles stephensi
Natural Product Research, 2006Co-Authors: Anupam Ghosh, Goutam ChandraAbstract:Cestrum Diurnum L. (Solanaceae: Solanales) is a multistemmed shrub that is also known as ‘Day Jasmine’. The efficacy of the plant as a strong biocontrol agent of the larval anopheline mosquito was evaluated in the laboratory and bioactive ingredients were characterized by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and infrared (IR) analysis. Thin layer chromatographic analysis revealed the presence of steroidal compound as a bioactive ingredient and IR analysis reported the presence of O–H group, C–S bond as a –CH2S group, H bonded −C=O group and carbonyl stress of esters. The LC50 value of the active ingredient was determined as 0.70, 0.89, 0.90 and 1.03 mg/100 mL−1, for 1st, 2nd, 3rd and 4th instar larva respectively in 24 h study period. The active component was analyzed by GLC and GLC–MS and altogether 14 components were detected.
Hamon A. B. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phenacoccus parvus Morrison, a possible injurious mealybug recorded for the first time from Florida (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae)
2010Co-Authors: Williams D. J., Hamon A. B.Abstract:Phenacoccus parvus Morrison is recorded from Florida for the first time. Specimens were collected at Miami on Cestrum Diurnum (Solanaceae),l-IX-1883 by J. Frankel, and on an unidentified plant of the family Apiaciae (Umbelliferae), 4-XI-1983, by D. Barger. These records are also the first for the continental US. Phenacoccus parvus material from Hawaii on Sida fallax has been examined. This mealybug was described from the Galapagos Islands. Williams and Cox (1984) synonymized the name P. surinamensis with P. parvus. This species has been recorded from the West Indies, Central America, and South America on many hosts (Williams and Granara de Willink 1992). It has been recorded recently from Africa, the tropical South Pacific area, Australia, and southern Asia. The distribution was mapped, with references, by CAB International Institute of Entomology (1990)
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Scientific Note: \u3ci\u3ePhenacoccus parvus\u3c/i\u3e Morrison, a possible injurious mealybug recorded for the first time from Florida (Homoptera:Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln, 1994Co-Authors: Williams D. J., Hamon A. B.Abstract:Phenacoccus parvus Morrison is recorded from Florida for the first time. Specimens were collected at Miami on Cestrum Diurnum (Solanaceae),l-IX-1883 by J. Frankel, and on an unidentified plant of the family Apiaciae (Umbelliferae), 4-XI-1983, by D. Barger. These records are also the first for the continental US. Phenacoccus parvus material from Hawaii on Sida fallax has been examined. This mealybug was described from the Galapagos Islands. Williams and Cox (1984) synonymized the name P. surinamensis with P. parvus. This species has been recorded from the West Indies, Central America, and South America on many hosts (Williams and Granara de Willink 1992). It has been recorded recently from Africa, the tropical South Pacific area, Australia, and southern Asia. The distribution was mapped, with references, by CAB International Institute of Entomology (1990)
Jaya P Yadav - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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In vitro antimicrobial activity of ten medicinal plants against clinical isolates of oral cancer cases
Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 2011Co-Authors: Manju Panghal, Vivek Kaushal, Jaya P YadavAbstract:Background Suppression of immune system in treated cancer patients may lead to secondary infections that obviate the need of antibiotics. In the present study, an attempt was made to understand the occurrence of secondary infections in immuno-suppressed patients along with herbal control of these infections with the following objectives to: (a) isolate the microbial species from the treated oral cancer patients along with the estimation of absolute neutrophile counts of patients (b) assess the in vitro antimicrobial activity medicinal plants against the above clinical isolates. Methods Blood and oral swab cultures were taken from 40 oral cancer patients undergoing treatment in the radiotherapy unit of Regional Cancer Institute, Pt. B.D.S. Health University, Rohtak, Haryana. Clinical isolates were identified by following general microbiological, staining and biochemical methods. The absolute neutrophile counts were done by following the standard methods. The medicinal plants selected for antimicrobial activity analysis were Asphodelus tenuifolius Cav., Asparagus racemosus Willd., Balanites aegyptiaca L. , Cestrum Diurnum L., Cordia dichotoma G. Forst, Eclipta alba L., Murraya koenigii (L.) Spreng. , Pedalium murex L. , Ricinus communis L. and Trigonella foenum graecum L. The antimicrobial efficacy of medicinal plants was evaluated by modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. MIC and MFC were investigated by serial two fold microbroth dilution method. Results Prevalent bacterial pathogens isolated were Staphylococcus aureus (23.2%), Escherichia coli (15.62%), Staphylococcus epidermidis (12.5%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.37%), Klebsiella pneumonia (7.81%), Proteus mirabilis (3.6%), Proteus vulgaris (4.2%) and the fungal pathogens were Candida albicans (14.6%), Aspergillus fumigatus (9.37%). Out of 40 cases, 35 (87.5%) were observed as neutropenic. Eight medicinal plants ( A. tenuifolius, A. racemosus, B. aegyptiaca, E. alba, M. koenigii, P. murex R. communis and T. foenum graecum ) showed significant antimicrobial activity (P < .05) against most of the isolates. The MIC and MFC values were ranged from 31 to 500 μg/ml. P. aeruginosa was observed highest susceptible bacteria (46.6%) on the basis of susceptible index. Conclusion It can be concluded that treated oral cancer patients were neutropenic and prone to secondary infection of microbes. The medicinal plant can prove as effective antimicrobial agent to check the secondary infections in treated cancer patients.
Williams D. J. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phenacoccus parvus Morrison, a possible injurious mealybug recorded for the first time from Florida (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae)
2010Co-Authors: Williams D. J., Hamon A. B.Abstract:Phenacoccus parvus Morrison is recorded from Florida for the first time. Specimens were collected at Miami on Cestrum Diurnum (Solanaceae),l-IX-1883 by J. Frankel, and on an unidentified plant of the family Apiaciae (Umbelliferae), 4-XI-1983, by D. Barger. These records are also the first for the continental US. Phenacoccus parvus material from Hawaii on Sida fallax has been examined. This mealybug was described from the Galapagos Islands. Williams and Cox (1984) synonymized the name P. surinamensis with P. parvus. This species has been recorded from the West Indies, Central America, and South America on many hosts (Williams and Granara de Willink 1992). It has been recorded recently from Africa, the tropical South Pacific area, Australia, and southern Asia. The distribution was mapped, with references, by CAB International Institute of Entomology (1990)
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Scientific Note: \u3ci\u3ePhenacoccus parvus\u3c/i\u3e Morrison, a possible injurious mealybug recorded for the first time from Florida (Homoptera:Coccoidea: Pseudococcidae)
DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln, 1994Co-Authors: Williams D. J., Hamon A. B.Abstract:Phenacoccus parvus Morrison is recorded from Florida for the first time. Specimens were collected at Miami on Cestrum Diurnum (Solanaceae),l-IX-1883 by J. Frankel, and on an unidentified plant of the family Apiaciae (Umbelliferae), 4-XI-1983, by D. Barger. These records are also the first for the continental US. Phenacoccus parvus material from Hawaii on Sida fallax has been examined. This mealybug was described from the Galapagos Islands. Williams and Cox (1984) synonymized the name P. surinamensis with P. parvus. This species has been recorded from the West Indies, Central America, and South America on many hosts (Williams and Granara de Willink 1992). It has been recorded recently from Africa, the tropical South Pacific area, Australia, and southern Asia. The distribution was mapped, with references, by CAB International Institute of Entomology (1990)