The Experts below are selected from a list of 162 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Virpi Lummaa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an evolutionary approach to Change of Status fertility relationship in human fertility transition
    Behavioral Ecology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jianghua Liu, Virpi Lummaa
    Abstract:

    The Change in benefits of high socioeconomic Status to fertility in humans during the demographic transition from high to low fertility has interested both demographers and evolutionary biologists. Evolutionary analyses add to demographic analyses by considering also males and Status-related differential in male mating success, but they have been limited to time cross-sections and have not linked this differential to differentials in other determinants of male fertility. We use life-history records of males (n = 3791) entering marriage market before (1810s–1880s) and during (1890s–1960s) the Finnish fertility transition to investigate associations between socioeconomic Status and chance and timing of marriage, choice for spouse, and lifetime fertility. Low Status invariantly brought a lower marriage chance throughout these 160 years, which partly explained why ever-married high-Status men lost advantage at early marriage when the system of achieving a high Status shifted from inheritance to self-effort. The loss, coupled with assortative mating by age, promoted disappearance of differential in wife’s age at marriage and thus, disappearance of differential in fertility between ever-married high- and low-Status men in the Finnish fertility transition. Consequently, among all men (married and unmarried), Status-related differential in lifetime fertility—not selection coefficient—declined over the transition. This study is among the first to show the interrelated dynamics of Status-related differentials in male mating and reproductive traits; by doing so, it contributes to an evolutionary understanding of Change of Status–fertility relationship in human fertility transition and confirms continuing phenotypic selection on male Status/wealth in modern societies.

  • An evolutionary approach to Change of Status–fertility relationship in human fertility transition
    Behavioral Ecology, 2013
    Co-Authors: Virpi Lummaa
    Abstract:

    The Change in benefits of high socioeconomic Status to fertility in humans during the demographic transition from high to low fertility has interested both demographers and evolutionary biologists. Evolutionary analyses add to demographic analyses by considering also males and Status-related differential in male mating success, but they have been limited to time cross-sections and have not linked this differential to differentials in other determinants of male fertility. We use life-history records of males (n = 3791) entering marriage market before (1810s–1880s) and during (1890s–1960s) the Finnish fertility transition to investigate associations between socioeconomic Status and chance and timing of marriage, choice for spouse, and lifetime fertility. Low Status invariantly brought a lower marriage chance throughout these 160 years, which partly explained why ever-married high-Status men lost advantage at early marriage when the system of achieving a high Status shifted from inheritance to self-effort. The loss, coupled with assortative mating by age, promoted disappearance of differential in wife’s age at marriage and thus, disappearance of differential in fertility between ever-married high- and low-Status men in the Finnish fertility transition. Consequently, among all men (married and unmarried), Status-related differential in lifetime fertility—not selection coefficient—declined over the transition. This study is among the first to show the interrelated dynamics of Status-related differentials in male mating and reproductive traits; by doing so, it contributes to an evolutionary understanding of Change of Status–fertility relationship in human fertility transition and confirms continuing phenotypic selection on male Status/wealth in modern societies.

R. K. Crowden - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Yvonne Menadue - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

Jianghua Liu - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • an evolutionary approach to Change of Status fertility relationship in human fertility transition
    Behavioral Ecology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jianghua Liu, Virpi Lummaa
    Abstract:

    The Change in benefits of high socioeconomic Status to fertility in humans during the demographic transition from high to low fertility has interested both demographers and evolutionary biologists. Evolutionary analyses add to demographic analyses by considering also males and Status-related differential in male mating success, but they have been limited to time cross-sections and have not linked this differential to differentials in other determinants of male fertility. We use life-history records of males (n = 3791) entering marriage market before (1810s–1880s) and during (1890s–1960s) the Finnish fertility transition to investigate associations between socioeconomic Status and chance and timing of marriage, choice for spouse, and lifetime fertility. Low Status invariantly brought a lower marriage chance throughout these 160 years, which partly explained why ever-married high-Status men lost advantage at early marriage when the system of achieving a high Status shifted from inheritance to self-effort. The loss, coupled with assortative mating by age, promoted disappearance of differential in wife’s age at marriage and thus, disappearance of differential in fertility between ever-married high- and low-Status men in the Finnish fertility transition. Consequently, among all men (married and unmarried), Status-related differential in lifetime fertility—not selection coefficient—declined over the transition. This study is among the first to show the interrelated dynamics of Status-related differentials in male mating and reproductive traits; by doing so, it contributes to an evolutionary understanding of Change of Status–fertility relationship in human fertility transition and confirms continuing phenotypic selection on male Status/wealth in modern societies.

Mike Dodd - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • assessing the Status of poorly known species lessons from partridges and pheasants of southeast asia
    Biological Conservation, 1998
    Co-Authors: Philip J K Mcgowan, Michael P Gillman, Mike Dodd
    Abstract:

    There is an urgent need to evaluate the Status of groups of species for conservation purposes. A species' Status is indicated by both its distribution and abundance, and the rate at which these components are changing. This information is scarce for many tropical forest species. We produced four measures of Status based on locality and habitat data for 25 partridges and pheasants of Southeast Asia: (1) Change in the number of sites from which a species had been recorded; (2) Change in the proportion of localities visited from which a species had been recorded; (3) Change in the extent of occurrence; and (4) Change in a measure that combined habitat and locality information. Species rankings from the first three measures of Status that used locality data alone were significantly correlated with each other. Therefore, differences in sampling do not appear to influence the locality-only assessments. None of the locality-only measures was correlated with the ranking based on both locality and habitat information. The lack of correlation between these assessments and that which included habitat information may result from recent bias in habitats searched. Whereas the paucity of data is acute for some species, we propose that estimating Changes in the available habitat within a species' extent of occurrence will provide the best estimate of Change of Status. Fourteen species show decreases according to all measures.