The Experts below are selected from a list of 185079 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tiaojun Xiao - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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dual Channel Structure choice of an environmental responsibility supply chain with green investment
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019Co-Authors: Tiaojun Xiao, Deyan Yang, Jian HuangAbstract:Abstract With the rapid development of e-commerce, many green manufacturers are increasingly adopting dual-Channel Structure to sell their products. However, in the sustainable development social movement, environmental responsibility behavior is regarded as an important factor for the choice of the dual-Channel Structure. This article clearly models the environmental responsibility behaviors of both manufacturer and consumers to study the dual-Channel Structure strategy of a green manufacturer and further examines its environmental performance under fuzzy uncertainties. By solving game models, dual-Channel Structure strategy under considering behavioral characteristics is obtained. Some interesting and unique findings are generated. Specifically, a high manufacturer's environmental responsibility degree and green costs impede while the green level and consumer demand uncertainty encourage the manufacturer to open his online Channel. Although improving the green level, dual Channels may not be beneficial to environment protection. Moreover, when green costs are relatively low, the retailer might be benefit from the introduction of the direct Channel.
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Service Investment and Channel Structure Decisions in Competing Supply Chains
Service Science, 2019Co-Authors: Yusen Xia, Tiaojun Xiao, G. Peter ZhangAbstract:Supply chain versus supply chain is an important aspect of business competition as the Channel Structure of each supply chain affects its own Channel profit as well as the rival’s Channel profit. M...
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Product variety and Channel Structure strategy for a retailer-Stackelberg supply chain
European Journal of Operational Research, 2014Co-Authors: Tiaojun Xiao, Tsan-ming Choi, T.c.e. ChengAbstract:Motivated by the observations that the direct sales Channel is increasingly used for customized products and that retailers wield leadership, we develop in this paper a retailer-Stackelberg pricing model to investigate the product variety and Channel Structure strategies of manufacturer in a circular spatial market. To avoid Channel conflict, we consider the commonly observed case where the indirect Channel sells standard products whereas the direct Channel offers custom products. Our analytical results indicate that if the reservation price in the indirect Channel is sufficiently low, adding the direct Channel raises the unit wholesale price and retail price in the indirect Channel due to customization in the direct Channel. Despite the fact that dual Channels for the retailer may dominate the single indirect Channel, we find that the motivation for the manufacturer to use dual Channels decreases with the unit production cost, while increases with (i) the marginal cost of variety, (ii) the retailer’s marginal selling cost, and (iii) the customer’s fit cost. Interestingly, our equilibrium analysis demonstrates that it is more likely for the manufacturer to use dual Channels under the retailer Stackelberg Channel leadership scenario than under the manufacturer Stackelberg scenario if offering a greater variety is very expensive. When offering a greater variety is inexpensive, the decentralization of the indirect Channel may invert the manufacturer’s Channel Structure decision. Furthermore, endogenization of product variety will also invert the Channel Structure decision if the standard product’s reservation price is sufficiently low.
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Purchasing choices and Channel Structure strategies for a two-echelon system with risk-averse players
International Journal of Production Economics, 2009Co-Authors: Tiaojun Xiao, Tsan-ming ChoiAbstract:We develop a dynamic game theoretic model of a two-echelon system consisting of two manufacturers and two retailers, where all players are risk averse. Each manufacturer has two pure Channel strategies, namely the integrated Channel (I) and the retailing Channel (R). We mainly focus on how the Channel Structure strategies and wholesale prices of the manufacturers depend on the risk sensitivity, the pricing power and the purchasing option of the retailer. We derive the optimal decisions for each player and find that: a higher substitutability of the two products implies a stronger manufacturer's motivation to use retailing Channel to act against the retailing Channel. We further identify the effects of the retailer's risk sensitivity on the wholesale prices which depend on the Channel Structure. If the total net price cap for the leader retailer is sufficiently large relative to the follower retailer, then the purchasing option of the retailer affects the supply chain's Channel Structure significantly.
Tsan-ming Choi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Product variety and Channel Structure strategy for a retailer-Stackelberg supply chain
European Journal of Operational Research, 2014Co-Authors: Tiaojun Xiao, Tsan-ming Choi, T.c.e. ChengAbstract:Motivated by the observations that the direct sales Channel is increasingly used for customized products and that retailers wield leadership, we develop in this paper a retailer-Stackelberg pricing model to investigate the product variety and Channel Structure strategies of manufacturer in a circular spatial market. To avoid Channel conflict, we consider the commonly observed case where the indirect Channel sells standard products whereas the direct Channel offers custom products. Our analytical results indicate that if the reservation price in the indirect Channel is sufficiently low, adding the direct Channel raises the unit wholesale price and retail price in the indirect Channel due to customization in the direct Channel. Despite the fact that dual Channels for the retailer may dominate the single indirect Channel, we find that the motivation for the manufacturer to use dual Channels decreases with the unit production cost, while increases with (i) the marginal cost of variety, (ii) the retailer’s marginal selling cost, and (iii) the customer’s fit cost. Interestingly, our equilibrium analysis demonstrates that it is more likely for the manufacturer to use dual Channels under the retailer Stackelberg Channel leadership scenario than under the manufacturer Stackelberg scenario if offering a greater variety is very expensive. When offering a greater variety is inexpensive, the decentralization of the indirect Channel may invert the manufacturer’s Channel Structure decision. Furthermore, endogenization of product variety will also invert the Channel Structure decision if the standard product’s reservation price is sufficiently low.
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Purchasing choices and Channel Structure strategies for a two-echelon system with risk-averse players
International Journal of Production Economics, 2009Co-Authors: Tiaojun Xiao, Tsan-ming ChoiAbstract:We develop a dynamic game theoretic model of a two-echelon system consisting of two manufacturers and two retailers, where all players are risk averse. Each manufacturer has two pure Channel strategies, namely the integrated Channel (I) and the retailing Channel (R). We mainly focus on how the Channel Structure strategies and wholesale prices of the manufacturers depend on the risk sensitivity, the pricing power and the purchasing option of the retailer. We derive the optimal decisions for each player and find that: a higher substitutability of the two products implies a stronger manufacturer's motivation to use retailing Channel to act against the retailing Channel. We further identify the effects of the retailer's risk sensitivity on the wholesale prices which depend on the Channel Structure. If the total net price cap for the leader retailer is sufficiently large relative to the follower retailer, then the purchasing option of the retailer affects the supply chain's Channel Structure significantly.
Deyan Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Channel Structure Strategies of Supply Chains with Varying Green Cost and Governmental Interventions
Sustainability, 2019Co-Authors: Deyan Yang, Jinyong Wang, Dong-ping SongAbstract:Environmental concerns make enterprises pay more attention to green manufacturing. The emerging green supply chain inevitably will compete with the traditional supply chain. In order to evaluate the competitiveness of supply chains and the impact on Channel Structure strategy, we develop four game models for two competing supply chains according to their Channel Structure strategies. Green marginal manufacturing cost, demand sensitivity of green level, and governmental interventions are considered. We study how retail prices, green levels, and profits are influenced by Channel Structure choice and governmental interventions. Analytical results indicate that the substitutability of products affects Channel Structure strategy. When the substitutability of products is relatively low, centralization–centralization is the unique Nash equilibrium. However, when the substitutability of products is relatively high, both centralization–centralization and decentralization–decentralization are the Nash equilibriums. Centralization–centralization is a prisoner dilemma, while decentralization–decentralization can make the green supply chain achieve optimal profit. Then, the green marginal manufacturing cost and demand sensitivities of the green level play important but different roles in Channel Structure strategy of the competing supply chains. Further, whether Nash equilibriums are the optimal strategy depends on governmental intervention. Relatively severe governmental intervention might realize a relatively higher green level, but may not always achieve the lowest retail price for the green supply chain. However, a relatively moderate governmental intervention might achieve a relatively lower green level.
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dual Channel Structure choice of an environmental responsibility supply chain with green investment
Journal of Cleaner Production, 2019Co-Authors: Tiaojun Xiao, Deyan Yang, Jian HuangAbstract:Abstract With the rapid development of e-commerce, many green manufacturers are increasingly adopting dual-Channel Structure to sell their products. However, in the sustainable development social movement, environmental responsibility behavior is regarded as an important factor for the choice of the dual-Channel Structure. This article clearly models the environmental responsibility behaviors of both manufacturer and consumers to study the dual-Channel Structure strategy of a green manufacturer and further examines its environmental performance under fuzzy uncertainties. By solving game models, dual-Channel Structure strategy under considering behavioral characteristics is obtained. Some interesting and unique findings are generated. Specifically, a high manufacturer's environmental responsibility degree and green costs impede while the green level and consumer demand uncertainty encourage the manufacturer to open his online Channel. Although improving the green level, dual Channels may not be beneficial to environment protection. Moreover, when green costs are relatively low, the retailer might be benefit from the introduction of the direct Channel.
Pierre Paoletti - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Probing Ion Channel Structure and Function Using Light-Sensitive Amino Acids
Trends in Biochemical Sciences, 2018Co-Authors: Viktoria Klippenstein, Laetitia Mony, Pierre PaolettiAbstract:Approaches to remotely control and monitor ion Channel operation with light are fast expanding in the field of biophysics and neuroscience. A recent development to directly introduce light-sensitivity into proteins relies on the genetic code expansion technique by utilizing photo-sensitive unnatural amino acids (UAAs). Introduction of UAAs results in unique molecular level control, and combined with the maximal spatio-temporal resolution and poor invasiveness of light, enables direct manipulation and interrogation of ion Channel functionality. Here, we review the diverse applications of light-sensitive UAAs in two superfamilies of ion Channels-voltage-and ligand-gated ion Channels-and summarize the existing UAA tools, their mode of action, potential, caveats, and technical considerations to illuminate ion Channel Structure and function.
Richard Lewis - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Use of Venom Peptides to Probe Ion Channel Structure and Function
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2010Co-Authors: Sébastien Dutertre, Richard LewisAbstract:Venoms of snakes, scorpions, spiders, insects, sea anemones, and cone snails are complex mixtures of mostly peptides and small proteins that have evolved for prey capture and/or defense. These deadly animals have long fascinated scientists and the public. Early studies isolated lethal components in the search for cures and understanding of their mechanisms of action. Ion Channels have emerged as targets for many venom peptides, providing researchers highly selective and potent molecular probes that have proved invaluable in unraveling ion Channel Structure and function. This minireview highlights molecular details of their toxin-receptor interactions and opportunities for development of peptide therapeutics.