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Refiye Yanardag - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effects of Chard on brain damage in valproic acid‐induced toxicity
Journal of food biochemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Sevim Tunali, Esra Sule Cimen, Refiye YanardagAbstract:Valproic acid (VPA; 2-propyl valeric acid) is a potent drug widely used in treating anxiety disorders, migraine as well as epileptic diseases. In the ongoing study Chard protective effect was investigated, on the damaged VPA rat brain. Sprague Dawley rats (females) were grouped as follows: control, VPA (500 mg kg-1 day-1 VPA intraperitoneal), Chard (100 mg/kg day Chard extract by gavage), VPA + Chard (500 mg kg-1 day-1 VPA + 100 mg kg-1 day-1 Chard extract). Aqueous Chard leaves extract was given 1 hr before apply VPA for a period of 7 days. Lipid peroxidation, advanced oxidation protein products and protein carbonyl content, and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione reductase activities increased in the VPA group. Reduced glutathione levels, paraoxanase, and acetylcholinesterase activities were significantly diminished in the VPA animals. Chard extract application curatively reverted the studied biochemical parameters. The results obtained, it has been found the Chard has a protective and antioxidant effect on brain damage induced by VPA. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Valproic acid is a comparably safe pharmaceutical agent, but it can cause severe adverse effects on biological metabolism when it is used in high amount. There are not many studies declared that VPA stimulate the generation of ROS, which is liable for the life-threatening adverse effects of VPA therapy including hepatotoxicity neurotoxicity and teratogenicity. Chard is a plant which has antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antiacetylcholinesterase activities, and hepatoprotective effects. In the current study we examined the protection of the VPA damaged rat brain by Chard.
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the effects of Chard on brain damage in valproic acid induced toxicity
Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2020Co-Authors: Sevim Tunali, Esra Sule Cimen, Refiye YanardagAbstract:Valproic acid (VPA; 2-propyl valeric acid) is a potent drug widely used in treating anxiety disorders, migraine as well as epileptic diseases. In the ongoing study Chard protective effect was investigated, on the damaged VPA rat brain. Sprague Dawley rats (females) were grouped as follows: control, VPA (500 mg kg-1 day-1 VPA intraperitoneal), Chard (100 mg/kg day Chard extract by gavage), VPA + Chard (500 mg kg-1 day-1 VPA + 100 mg kg-1 day-1 Chard extract). Aqueous Chard leaves extract was given 1 hr before apply VPA for a period of 7 days. Lipid peroxidation, advanced oxidation protein products and protein carbonyl content, and superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione-S-transferase, and glutathione reductase activities increased in the VPA group. Reduced glutathione levels, paraoxanase, and acetylcholinesterase activities were significantly diminished in the VPA animals. Chard extract application curatively reverted the studied biochemical parameters. The results obtained, it has been found the Chard has a protective and antioxidant effect on brain damage induced by VPA. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Valproic acid is a comparably safe pharmaceutical agent, but it can cause severe adverse effects on biological metabolism when it is used in high amount. There are not many studies declared that VPA stimulate the generation of ROS, which is liable for the life-threatening adverse effects of VPA therapy including hepatotoxicity neurotoxicity and teratogenicity. Chard is a plant which has antimicrobial, antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor, antiacetylcholinesterase activities, and hepatoprotective effects. In the current study we examined the protection of the VPA damaged rat brain by Chard.
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effects of Chard beta vulgarisl var cicla on cardiac damage in valproic acid induced toxicity
Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Unsal Veli Ustundag, Refiye Yanardag, Sevim Tunali, Burcin Alev, Hazal Ipekci, Ebru Emeklialturfan, Tugba Tunali Akbay, Aysen YaratAbstract:The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Chard on valproic acid (VPA)-induced cardiac damage. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped as control, Chard given control (100 mg/kg/day, by gavage), VPA (500 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally) and Chard given VPA (100 mg/kg/day Chard by gavage, 500 mg/kg/day VPA, intraperitoneally). The aqueous extracts of Chard leaves were given 1 h prior to administration of VPA for 7 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total sialic acid (SA) levels and catalase (CAT) activity significantly increased in the VPA group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Chard administration significantly decreased MDA and SA levels in the control and in the VPA groups (P < 0.05). Chard administration also significantly increased CAT activities and glutathione levels both in the control and in the VPA groups (P < 0.05). As a conclusion, Chard consumption may prevent cardiac tissue from oxidative stress and inflammation in VPA-induced toxicity. Practical Applications Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug and has severe toxic effects in experimental animals and humans. Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) has antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor and hepatoprotective effects. Its protective effects against VPA toxicity have not been fully investigated yet. According to the results of this study, Chard (B. vulgaris L. var. cicla) can be used as a dietary food supplement in the epilepsy treatment. The beneficial effect of Chard consumption is an important finding in a nutritional point of view as Chard contains many significant bioactive constituents for a healthy diet.
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Effects of Chard (Beta VulgarisL. Var. Cicla) on Cardiac Damage in Valproic Acid-Induced Toxicity
Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Unsal Veli Ustundag, Refiye Yanardag, Sevim Tunali, Burcin Alev, Hazal Ipekci, Tugba Tunali Akbay, Ebru Emekli-alturfan, Aysen YaratAbstract:The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Chard on valproic acid (VPA)-induced cardiac damage. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped as control, Chard given control (100 mg/kg/day, by gavage), VPA (500 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally) and Chard given VPA (100 mg/kg/day Chard by gavage, 500 mg/kg/day VPA, intraperitoneally). The aqueous extracts of Chard leaves were given 1 h prior to administration of VPA for 7 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total sialic acid (SA) levels and catalase (CAT) activity significantly increased in the VPA group compared with the control group (P
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Chard (Beta vulgaris var. cicla) extract improved hyperglycemia-induced oxidative stress and surfactant-associated protein alterations in rat lungs.
Pharmaceutical biology, 2015Co-Authors: Fusun Oztay, Ozlem Sacan, Sehnaz Bolkent, Yesim Ipci, Levent Kabasakal, Goksel Sener, Ozgecan Kayalar, Refiye YanardagAbstract:AbstractContext: Chard is used as an antidiabetic agent by the diabetic patients in Turkey.Objective: The effect of Chard extract [Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla (Chenopodiaceae)] on the antioxidant system and the expression of surfactant-associated proteins (SP) in the lungs of hyperglycemic rats were examined.Materials and methods: Hyperglycemia was induced by a single dose of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) provided intraperitoneally. Fourteen days after the rats were rendered hyperglycemic, the Chard (2 g/kg/d), insulin (6 U/kg/d), and Chard plus insulin (as mentioned above) were administered to rats for 45 d. On day 60, rats’ lungs were removed. Oxidative stress parameters and SP expression were assayed.Results: The lungs of hyperglycemic rats were characterized by the induced lipid and protein oxidation, elevated myeloperoxidase and xanthine oxidase activities, decreased glutathione levels, and reduced tissue factor and antioxidant enzymes activities (catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, a...
C.e. Del Valle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Sensory and biochemical changes in Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris) during blanching
LWT - Food Science and Technology, 2005Co-Authors: María Victoria Agüero, María Del Rosario Moreira, S.i. Roura, J. Pereda, C.e. Del ValleAbstract:Abstract The effects of blanching Chard leaves under steam individually and in 3 and 5 leaves deep beds was investigated. Blanching for 30 s sufficed to inactivate peroxidase. Both the duration of the blanching process and the depth of blanching beds affected the loss of ascorbic acid, with a 31.35% retention for Chard leaves blanched for 120 s in 5 leaves beds. Chlorophyll contents were not greatly affected. Reductions of about 2 orders of magnitude in mesophillic bacterial counts were obtained under all conditions tested. Sensory attributes of Chard were best preserved when leaves were blanched individually.
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Characterization of native microbial populations on Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris, type cicla) cultivated by organic methods
LWT - Food Science and Technology, 2003Co-Authors: A.g. Ponce, S.i. Roura, C.e. Del Valle, R. FritzAbstract:Abstract The native microflora of fresh Swiss Chard ( Beta vulgaris , type cicla) cultivated by organic methods was quantified and characterised. The concentration of the different microorganism groups presented less variability among different lots than results found on Chard leaves produced by conventional methods. These results would indicate a greater degree of homogeneity among the different samples of Chard produced by organic procedures. The microbial populations on Swiss Chard leaves produced by organic methods were 6.8×10 5 CFU/g for mesophilic microorganisms, 3.9×10 3 CFU/g for psycrotrophic microorganisms, 1.4×10 4 CFU/g for lactic acid microorganisms, 5.1×10 3 CFU/g for total coliforms and 1.66×10 3 CFU/g for Staphylococcus spp. Neither fecal coliforms nor human pathogens were identified. Immersion of organic Swiss Chard leaves in tap water at 18°C for 4 min reduced microbial populations but did not accomplish more than 70% removal in any of the populations under study.
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POSTHARVEST CHANGES IN FRESH SWISS Chard (Beta vulgaris, type cycla) UNDER DIFFERENT STORAGE CONDITIONS
Journal of Food Quality, 2000Co-Authors: Sara I. Roura, L.a. Davidovich, C.e. Del ValleAbstract:The effects of storage temperature and relative humidity on the quality of Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris, type cycla) were investigated. Quality was assessed through determinations of water content, weight loss, chlorophyll content, pH, titratable acidity, soluble solids content and sensory evaluations. Storage conditions were 4 and 18C and 43, 86 and 98% relative humidities (RH). The quality of Chard leaves was unacceptable after three days of storage at 18C, independent of the RH. Chard leaves kept at 4C and 86 and 98% RH remained acceptable for 9 days. The dehydration suffered by samples kept at 4C and 43% RH turned them unacceptable after 4 days of storage.
Aysen Yarat - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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effects of Chard beta vulgarisl var cicla on cardiac damage in valproic acid induced toxicity
Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2016Co-Authors: Unsal Veli Ustundag, Refiye Yanardag, Sevim Tunali, Burcin Alev, Hazal Ipekci, Ebru Emeklialturfan, Tugba Tunali Akbay, Aysen YaratAbstract:The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Chard on valproic acid (VPA)-induced cardiac damage. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped as control, Chard given control (100 mg/kg/day, by gavage), VPA (500 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally) and Chard given VPA (100 mg/kg/day Chard by gavage, 500 mg/kg/day VPA, intraperitoneally). The aqueous extracts of Chard leaves were given 1 h prior to administration of VPA for 7 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total sialic acid (SA) levels and catalase (CAT) activity significantly increased in the VPA group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Chard administration significantly decreased MDA and SA levels in the control and in the VPA groups (P < 0.05). Chard administration also significantly increased CAT activities and glutathione levels both in the control and in the VPA groups (P < 0.05). As a conclusion, Chard consumption may prevent cardiac tissue from oxidative stress and inflammation in VPA-induced toxicity. Practical Applications Valproic acid (VPA) is an antiepileptic drug and has severe toxic effects in experimental animals and humans. Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) has antioxidant, antidiabetic, antitumor and hepatoprotective effects. Its protective effects against VPA toxicity have not been fully investigated yet. According to the results of this study, Chard (B. vulgaris L. var. cicla) can be used as a dietary food supplement in the epilepsy treatment. The beneficial effect of Chard consumption is an important finding in a nutritional point of view as Chard contains many significant bioactive constituents for a healthy diet.
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Effects of Chard (Beta VulgarisL. Var. Cicla) on Cardiac Damage in Valproic Acid-Induced Toxicity
Journal of Food Biochemistry, 2015Co-Authors: Unsal Veli Ustundag, Refiye Yanardag, Sevim Tunali, Burcin Alev, Hazal Ipekci, Tugba Tunali Akbay, Ebru Emekli-alturfan, Aysen YaratAbstract:The aim of this study was to examine the effects of Chard on valproic acid (VPA)-induced cardiac damage. Female Sprague-Dawley rats were grouped as control, Chard given control (100 mg/kg/day, by gavage), VPA (500 mg/kg/day, intraperitoneally) and Chard given VPA (100 mg/kg/day Chard by gavage, 500 mg/kg/day VPA, intraperitoneally). The aqueous extracts of Chard leaves were given 1 h prior to administration of VPA for 7 days. Malondialdehyde (MDA), total sialic acid (SA) levels and catalase (CAT) activity significantly increased in the VPA group compared with the control group (P
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The Effect of Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) on the Protein and Antioxidant Systems in Lenses of Streptozotocin‐induced Diabetic Rats
Pharmacy and Pharmacology Communications, 1998Co-Authors: Aysen Yarat, Refiye Yanardag, Tugba Tunali, Füsun Özçelik, O Ozsoy, Nesrin Emekli, Ali ÖstünelAbstract:The effect of Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) on diabetes-induced impairments in rat lenses was investigated. Although macroscopic examination revealed no opacification of rat lenses in any group, uncontrolled induced diabetes caused significant decreases in lens glutathione and increases in lens protein non-enzymatic glycosylation and blood glucose. Administration of Chard extract inhibited these effects. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed no significant differences in any protein bands between any of the groups. The results indicate the use of Chard may be effective in preventing, or at least retarding, the development of some diabetic ocular complications.
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The effect of Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) on the skin of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats.
Die Pharmazie, 1998Co-Authors: Tugba Tunali, Refiye Yanardag, Aysen Yarat, Füsun Özçelik, O Ozsoy, Gönül Ergenekon, Nesrin EmekliAbstract:Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) is one of the plants used as hypoglycaemic agent by diabetics in Turkey and it has been reported to reduce blood glucose. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of feeding Chard on diabetes induced impairments in rat skins. Uncontrolled induced diabetes caused significant increases in nonenzymatic glycosylation of skin proteins, lipid peroxidation and blood glucose. Administration of Chard extract inhibited these effects except the increase in lipid peroxidation. SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis revealed no significant differences in any protein bands between any of the groups. The data indicate that the use of Chard may be effective in preventing or at least retarding the development of some diabetic complications.
Omur Karabulut-bulan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Effects of Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var cicla) on the Liver of the Diabetic Rats: A Morphological and Biochemical Study
Bioscience biotechnology and biochemistry, 2004Co-Authors: Ozlem Ozsoy-sacan, Sehnaz Bolkent, Refiye Yanardag, Omur Karabulut-bulan, Yasemin OzgeyAbstract:Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var cicla) is one of the medicinal herbs used by diabetics in Turkey. It has been reported to reduce blood glucose. We have investigated the effect of Chard extracts on the liver by biochemical and morphological investigation. The plant extract was administered by the gavage technique to rats at a dose of 2 g/kg every d for 28 d, 14 d after experimental animals were made diabetic. In the diabetic group, some degenerative changes were observed by light and electron microscope examination, but degenerative changes decreased or were not observed in the diabetic group given Chard. In the diabetic group, blood glucose levels, serum alanine, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase activities, total lipids, sialic and uric acid levels, liver lipid peroxidation (LPO), and nonenzymatic glycosylation (NEG) levels increased, while blood glutathione, body weight, and liver glutathione (GSH) levels decreased. The diabetic group given Chard, serum alanine, aspartate transaminase, alkaline phosphatase activities, total lipid level, sialic and uric acid levels, blood glucose levels, and liver LPO and NEG levels decreased, but the other values increased. As a result of all the morphological and biochemical findings obtained, it was concluded that the extract of this plant has a protective effect on the liver in diabetes mellitus.
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The effects of Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) extract on the kidney tissue, serum urea and creatinine levels of diabetic rats.
Phytotherapy research : PTR, 2002Co-Authors: Refiye Yanardag, Sehnaz Bolkent, Ozlem Ozsoy-sacan, Omur Karabulut-bulanAbstract:The aim of this work was to investigate the effects of Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cicla) extract on serum urea and creatinine concentrations and on kidney tissue in normal and streptozotocin-diabetic rats. The extract was administered to rats at a dose of 2 g/kg every day for 28 days, 14 days after animals were made diabetic. On day 42, kidney tissue and blood samples were examined. Significant degenerative changes in kidney tissue of diabetic rats were observed, but in the group given Chard extract, the morphology of kidney tissue was found to be nearly the same as the controls. Serum urea and creatinine levels significantly increased in the diabetic groups, but the Chard extracts significantly reduced serum urea and creatinine levels. It is concluded that the extract of this plant may reduce serum urea and creatinine levels and confer a protective effect on the kidney of diabetic rats.
Monica Gonzalez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effect of three organic pre-harvest treatments on Swiss Chard (Beta vulgaris L. var. cycla L.) quality
European Food Research and Technology, 2008Co-Authors: Nancy Daiss, M. Gloria Lobo, Ana R. Socorro, Ulrich Brückner, Joachim Heller, Monica GonzalezAbstract:Despite the increasing interest in organic products, our understanding of how different organic treatments affect fruit and vegetable quality is still limited. The effect of three organic pre-harvest treatments [effective microorganisms (EM), a fermented mixture of effective microorganisms with organic matter (EM-Bokashi + EM), and an auxiliary soil product (Greengold^®)] on Swiss Chard quality was evaluated. The Swiss Chard was analyzed 8 and 19 weeks after sowing. The treatments did not notably modify the physical and chemical quality of the Chard when compared with control plants. Chard harvested 19 weeks after sowing showed greater differences in nutritional quality than Chard harvested 8 weeks after sowing. Control plants had higher water content than the plants treated with EM, EM-Bokashi + EM and Greengold^®. Chards treated with EM-Bokashi + EM had lower ascorbic acid content and higher phosphor and magnesium content than control plants. Application of EM to plants induced higher levels of calcium compared with non-treated plants.
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Changes in postharvest quality of Swiss Chard grown using 3 organic preharvest treatments.
Journal of food science, 2008Co-Authors: N. Daiss, M.g. Lobo, Monica GonzalezAbstract:Using storage conditions recommended for conventional Chard (4 degrees C, 90% RH and 7 d), the Chard treated with some organic preharvest treatments [effective microorganisms, a fermented mixture of effective microorganisms with organic matter (EM-Bokashi + EM), and an auxiliary soil product] lost considerable water (> 2%) and weight (> 25%). These results indicate that organic methods tested produce a vegetable that can not sustain its quality when commercialized through the conventional supply chain. Nevertheless, respiration, color, pH, and titratable acidity practically remained constant during conservation. Ascorbic acid content was constant in Chard treated with the different preharvest treatments and collected at 8 wk after sowing (normal harvest). However, the ascorbic acid content of the control Chard decreased 60% after 7 d of storage. This vitamin diminished (35%) in Chard collected after 19 wk after sowing (late harvest) during the postharvest conservation. The greatest difference in Chard quality was registered between sampling dates since Chard collected during the late harvest had higher levels of dry matter, sugars, acids, proteins, and ascorbic acid than Chard collected during the normal harvest.