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S. M. Russell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • the effect of an acidic copper sulfate based commercial sanitizer on indicator pathogenic and spoilage bacteria associated with broiler Chicken Carcasses when applied at various intervention points during poultry processing
    Poultry Science, 2008
    Co-Authors: S. M. Russell
    Abstract:

    Abstract Studies were conducted to evaluate 1) the effect of an acidic, copper sulfate-based commercial sanitizer on pathogenic, indicator, and spoilage bacteria in a model scalder system, 2) the effect of this sanitizer on total aerobic bacteria (APC) and Escherichia coli counts, and Salmonella prevalence on broiler Chicken Carcasses when applied during scalding or scalding and postpick dipping, and 3) the ability of sanitizer to extend the shelf-life of broiler Chicken Carcasses. Exposure of Salmonella Typhimurium, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas fluorescens, or Shewanella putrefaciens to the sanitizer in scalder water at 54°C for 2 min resulted in complete elimination of these bacterial species. Exposure of E. coli to the treated scald water resulted in a 4.9 log10 reduction. These data suggest that this sanitizer would be effective for use in scalders. When applied during scalding in a commercial processing plant, APC and E. coli counts were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced on all days of sampling. The average log10 reduction overall was 3.80 and 3.05 for APC and E. coli, respectively. Salmonella prevalence was reduced by an average of 30%. For Carcasses that were scalded, picked, and dipped postpick using this sanitizer, APC were significantly P ≤ 0.05) reduced on all days of sampling by an average of 1.19 log10. Escherichia coli counts were reduced on all but 2 d of sampling for Carcasses scalded, picked, and dipped in this sanitizer, except for d 2 and 10. Averages on these days were higher for controls, but were not significantly different. Salmonella prevalence was not consistently impacted overall. For the shelf-life study, odor scores were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced for treated Carcasses at d 8 through 14 of storage. The psychrotrophic plate counts were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) lower on treated Carcasses at d 6 through 14 of storage. This sanitizer suppressed spoilage bacteria with a 99.99% reduction at d 10 and a 99.9% reduction at d 12 of storage. This effect could result in an extension of the shelf life of the poultry Carcasses by up to 4 d.

  • monochloramine versus sodium hypochlorite as antimicrobial agents for reducing populations of bacteria on broiler Chicken Carcasses
    Journal of Food Protection, 2005
    Co-Authors: S. M. Russell, Stephen P Axtell
    Abstract:

    Studies were conducted to compare the effect of sodium hypochlorite (SH) versus monochloramine (MON) on bacterial populations associated with broiler Chicken Carcasses. In study 1, nominal populations (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Salmonella serovars, Shewanella putrefaciens, and Staphylococcus aureus were exposed to sterilized chiller water (controls) or sterilized chiller water containing 50 ppm SH or MON. SH at 50 ppm eliminated all (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) viable E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella serovars; 1.2 log CFU of P. fluorescens; and 5.5 log CFU of S. putrefaciens. MON eliminated all (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) viable E. coli, L. monocytogenes, S. putrefaciens, and Salmonella serovars and 4.2 log CFU of P. fluorescens. In study 2, Chicken Carcasses were inoculated with P. fluorescens or nalidixic acid–resistant Salmonella serovars or were temperature abused at 25°C for 2 h to increase the populations of naturally occurring E. coli. The g...

  • monochloramine versus sodium hypochlorite as antimicrobial agents for reducing populations of bacteria on broiler Chicken Carcasses
    Journal of Food Protection, 2005
    Co-Authors: S. M. Russell, Stephen P Axtell
    Abstract:

    Studies were conducted to compare the effect of sodium hypochlorite (SH) versus monochloramine (MON) on bacterial populations associated with broiler Chicken Carcasses. In study 1, nominal populations (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Salmonella serovars, Shewanella putrefaciens, and Staphylococcus aureus were exposed to sterilized chiller water (controls) or sterilized chiller water containing 50 ppm SH or MON. SH at 50 ppm eliminated all (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) viable E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella serovars; 1.2 log CFU of P. fluorescens; and 5.5 log CFU of S. putrefaciens. MON eliminated all (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) viable E. coli, L. monocytogenes, S. putrefaciens, and Salmonella serovars and 4.2 log CFU of P. fluorescens. In study 2, Chicken Carcasses were inoculated with P. fluorescens or nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella serovars or were temperature abused at 25 degrees C for 2 h to increase the populations of naturally occurring E. coli. The groups of Salmonella serovar-inoculated or temperature-abused E. coli Carcasses were immersed separately in pilot-scale poultry chillers and exposed to tap water (controls) or tap water containing 20 ppm SH or 20 ppm MON for 1 h. The P. fluorescens-inoculated group was immersed in pilot-scale poultry chillers and exposed to tap water (controls) or tap water containing 50 ppm SH or 50 ppm MON for 1 h. Carcasses exposed to the SH treatment had nominal increases (0.22 log CFU) in E. coli counts compared with controls, whereas exposure to MON resulted in a 0.89-log reduction. Similarly, average nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella serovar counts increased nominally by 34% (41 to 55 CFU/ml) compared with controls on Carcasses exposed to SH, whereas exposure to MON resulted in an average nominal decrease of 80% (41 to 8 CFU/ml). P. fluorescens decreased by 0.64 log CFU on Carcasses exposed to SH and decreased by 0.87 log CFU on Carcasses exposed to MON. In study 3, SH or MON was applied to the chiller in a commercial poultry processing facility. E. coli counts (for carcass halves emerging from both saddle and front-half chillers) and Salmonella prevalence were evaluated. Data from Carcasses exposed to SH during an 84-day historical (Hist) and a 9-day prepilot (Pre) period were evaluated. Other Carcasses were exposed to MON and tested during a 27-day period (Test). E. coli counts for samples collected from the saddle chiller were 25.7, 25.2, and 8.6 CFU/ml for Hist, Pre, and Test, respectively. E. coli counts for samples collected from the front-half chiller were 6.7, 6.9, and 2.5 CFU/ml for Hist, Pre, and Test, respectively. Salmonella prevalence was reduced from 8.7% (Hist + Pre) to 4% (Test). These studies indicate that MON is superior to SH in reducing microbial populations in poultry chiller water.

  • a rapid microbiological method for enumerating escherichia colifrom broiler Chicken Carcasses
    Journal of Food Protection, 1998
    Co-Authors: Angela L Edmiston, S. M. Russell
    Abstract:

    Experiments were conducted to evaluate a rapid method for enumerating Escherichia coli from broiler Chicken Carcasses. In three separate trials, Carcasses were obtained from a commercial processing plant, temperature abused at 37 degrees C for 0, 3, 6, 9, or 12 h, and then rinsed. E. coli were enumerated from carcass rinses using Petrifilm E. coli count plates (PC) and by placing the rinse into double-strength colifiform medium supplemented with 2% dextrose (CMD). The CMD mixture was placed into a Bactometer module and conductance was measured at 44 degrees C. Once a detection time (DT) was recorded, the sample was immediately recovered from the module well, diluted, and spread onto plate count agar. Colonies on plates at the highest dilution from each module well were randomly selected and identified. After 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 h of temperature abuse, E. coli was the bacterial species identified 97, 92, 88, 87, and 61% of the time, respectively. These results indicate that the medium/temperature combination was excellent for enumerating E. coli from samples that contain mixed microflora using conductance. Significant linear correlations were observed between time of abuse (TA) and log10 PC (LPC) or DT (R2 = 0.86 and R2 = -0.90, respectively). A significant linear correlation was observed between LPC and DT (R2 = -0.92). This rapid method (1 to 7.6 h) for enumeration of E. coli on Chicken should provide a way to determine E. coli levels before a product is shipped, and it should aid the poultry industry in meeting the E. coli testing requirement of the U.S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service pathogen reduction regulation.

  • Spoilage Bacteria of Fresh Broiler Chicken Carcasses
    Poultry Science, 1995
    Co-Authors: S. M. Russell, Daniel L. Fletcher
    Abstract:

    Abstract Studies were conducted to identify the bacteria responsible for spoilage of fresh broiler Chicken Carcasses and to characterize the off-odors these bacteria produce. Broiler Carcasses were collected from processing plants in the northeast Georgia area, the southeastern U.S., Arkansas, California, and North Carolina. The Carcasses were allowed to spoil under controlled conditions at 3 C and spoilage bacteria were isolated. Each spoilage bacterium was separately inoculated into a sterile Chicken skin medium, incubated at 25 C for 48 h, and subjectively evaluated for odor. The bacteria isolated from spoiled Carcasses that consistently produced off-odors in the Chicken skin medium, regardless of the geographical location from which the Chickens were obtained, were Shewanella putrefaciens A, B, and D, Pseudomonas fluorescens A, B, and D, and Pseudomonas fragi. These bacteria produced off-odors that resembled “sulfur”, “dishrag”, “ammonia”, “wet dog”, “skunk”, “dirty socks”, “rancid fish”, “unspecified bad odor”, or a sweet smell resembling “canned corn”. Odors produced by the spoilage bacteria were varied; however, odors most associated with spoiled poultry, such as “dishraggy” odors, were produced by the bacteria that were most consistendy isolated, such as S. putrefaciens and the pseudomonads.

Stephen P Axtell - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • monochloramine versus sodium hypochlorite as antimicrobial agents for reducing populations of bacteria on broiler Chicken Carcasses
    Journal of Food Protection, 2005
    Co-Authors: S. M. Russell, Stephen P Axtell
    Abstract:

    Studies were conducted to compare the effect of sodium hypochlorite (SH) versus monochloramine (MON) on bacterial populations associated with broiler Chicken Carcasses. In study 1, nominal populations (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Salmonella serovars, Shewanella putrefaciens, and Staphylococcus aureus were exposed to sterilized chiller water (controls) or sterilized chiller water containing 50 ppm SH or MON. SH at 50 ppm eliminated all (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) viable E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella serovars; 1.2 log CFU of P. fluorescens; and 5.5 log CFU of S. putrefaciens. MON eliminated all (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) viable E. coli, L. monocytogenes, S. putrefaciens, and Salmonella serovars and 4.2 log CFU of P. fluorescens. In study 2, Chicken Carcasses were inoculated with P. fluorescens or nalidixic acid–resistant Salmonella serovars or were temperature abused at 25°C for 2 h to increase the populations of naturally occurring E. coli. The g...

  • monochloramine versus sodium hypochlorite as antimicrobial agents for reducing populations of bacteria on broiler Chicken Carcasses
    Journal of Food Protection, 2005
    Co-Authors: S. M. Russell, Stephen P Axtell
    Abstract:

    Studies were conducted to compare the effect of sodium hypochlorite (SH) versus monochloramine (MON) on bacterial populations associated with broiler Chicken Carcasses. In study 1, nominal populations (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) of Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Salmonella serovars, Shewanella putrefaciens, and Staphylococcus aureus were exposed to sterilized chiller water (controls) or sterilized chiller water containing 50 ppm SH or MON. SH at 50 ppm eliminated all (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) viable E. coli, L. monocytogenes, and Salmonella serovars; 1.2 log CFU of P. fluorescens; and 5.5 log CFU of S. putrefaciens. MON eliminated all (6.5 to 7.5 log CFU) viable E. coli, L. monocytogenes, S. putrefaciens, and Salmonella serovars and 4.2 log CFU of P. fluorescens. In study 2, Chicken Carcasses were inoculated with P. fluorescens or nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella serovars or were temperature abused at 25 degrees C for 2 h to increase the populations of naturally occurring E. coli. The groups of Salmonella serovar-inoculated or temperature-abused E. coli Carcasses were immersed separately in pilot-scale poultry chillers and exposed to tap water (controls) or tap water containing 20 ppm SH or 20 ppm MON for 1 h. The P. fluorescens-inoculated group was immersed in pilot-scale poultry chillers and exposed to tap water (controls) or tap water containing 50 ppm SH or 50 ppm MON for 1 h. Carcasses exposed to the SH treatment had nominal increases (0.22 log CFU) in E. coli counts compared with controls, whereas exposure to MON resulted in a 0.89-log reduction. Similarly, average nalidixic acid-resistant Salmonella serovar counts increased nominally by 34% (41 to 55 CFU/ml) compared with controls on Carcasses exposed to SH, whereas exposure to MON resulted in an average nominal decrease of 80% (41 to 8 CFU/ml). P. fluorescens decreased by 0.64 log CFU on Carcasses exposed to SH and decreased by 0.87 log CFU on Carcasses exposed to MON. In study 3, SH or MON was applied to the chiller in a commercial poultry processing facility. E. coli counts (for carcass halves emerging from both saddle and front-half chillers) and Salmonella prevalence were evaluated. Data from Carcasses exposed to SH during an 84-day historical (Hist) and a 9-day prepilot (Pre) period were evaluated. Other Carcasses were exposed to MON and tested during a 27-day period (Test). E. coli counts for samples collected from the saddle chiller were 25.7, 25.2, and 8.6 CFU/ml for Hist, Pre, and Test, respectively. E. coli counts for samples collected from the front-half chiller were 6.7, 6.9, and 2.5 CFU/ml for Hist, Pre, and Test, respectively. Salmonella prevalence was reduced from 8.7% (Hist + Pre) to 4% (Test). These studies indicate that MON is superior to SH in reducing microbial populations in poultry chiller water.

Maximilian P O Baumann - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • prevalence and antimicrobial resistance of salmonella isolates from Chicken Carcasses in retail markets in yangon myanmar
    Journal of Food Protection, 2017
    Co-Authors: Aung Zaw Moe, Maximilian P O Baumann, Reinhard Fries, Peter Paulsen, Duangporn Pichpol, Herlinde Irsigler
    Abstract:

    A cross-sectional investigation was conducted concerning prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, multidrug resistance patterns, and serovar diversity of Salmonella in Chicken meat sold at retail in Yangon, Myanmar. The 141 Chicken meat samples were collected at 141 retail markets in the Yangon Region, Myanmar, 1 November 2014 to 31 March 2015. Information on hygienic practices (potential risk factors) was retrieved via checklists. Salmonella was isolated and identified according to International Organization for Standardization methods (ISO 6579:2002) with minor modifications. Twelve antimicrobial agents belonging to eight pharmacological groups were used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing (disk diffusion method). Salmonella was recovered from 138 (97.9%) of the 141 samples. The isolates were most frequently resistant to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (70.3% of isolates), tetracycline (54.3%), streptomycin (49.3%), and ampicillin (47.1%). Resistance was also found to chloramphenicol (29.7%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (17.4%), ciprofloxacin (9.4%), tobramycin (8.7%), gentamicin (8%), cefazolin (7.2%), lincomycin-spectinomycin (5.8%), and norfloxacin (0.7%). Among the 138 Salmonella isolates, 72 (52.2%) were resistant to three or more antimicrobial agents. Twenty-four serovars were identified among the 138 Salmonella-positive samples; serovars Albany, Kentucky, Braenderup, and Indiana were found in 38, 11, 10, and 8% of samples, respectively. None of the potential risk factors were significantly related to Salmonella contamination of Chicken Carcasses. This study provides new information regarding prevalence and antimicrobial resistance and Salmonella serovar diversity in retail markets in Yangon, Myanmar.

  • prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of listeria monocytogenes on Chicken Carcasses in bandung indonesia
    Journal of Food Protection, 2014
    Co-Authors: Yoni Darmawan Sugiri, Greta Golz, Tongkorn Meeyam, Maximilian P O Baumann, J Kleer, Warangkhana Chaisowwong, Thomas Alter
    Abstract:

    This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and quantify the number of Listeria monocytogenes in fresh Chicken Carcasses sold in traditional markets and supermarkets in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia, and to determine the antimicrobial resistance patterns of the isolated L. monocytogenes strains. The overall prevalence of L. monocytogenes in Chicken Carcasses was 15.8% (29/184). When comparing samples from traditional markets and supermarkets, no significant difference in the L. monocytogenes prevalence was detectable (15.2 versus 16.3%). Of the samples, 97.3% had L. monocytogenes counts <100 CFU/g, 2.2% had L. monocytogenes counts between 101 and 1,000 CFU/g, and 0.5% had L. monocytogenes counts of 1,001 to 10,000 CFU/g. Of the isolates, 27.6% were resistant to at least one of the 10 antimicrobials tested, with the major resistant phenotypes to penicillin (17.2%), ampicillin (6.9%), and erythromycin (6.9%). All 29 isolates recovered in this study were grouped into the molecular serogroup IIb, comprising the serovars 1/2b, 3b, and 7.

  • antibiotic resistance in salmonella isolates from imported Chicken Carcasses in bhutan and from pig Carcasses in vietnam
    Journal of Food Protection, 2010
    Co-Authors: Luppo Ellerbroek, D Narapati, Phu N Tai, N Poosaran, R Pinthong, A Sirimalaisuwan, P Tshering, Reinhard Fries, Karlhans Zessin, Maximilian P O Baumann
    Abstract:

    The antibiotic resistance in Salmonella isolates from 400 imported Chicken Carcasses in Bhutan and from 178 pig Carcasses in Vietnam were analyzed on a random basis against 14 antimicrobial agents. Among the poultry samples tested, 13% were positive for Salmonella. Salmonella Enteritidis dominated with a prevalence of 80.7%, and 40 of the 42 isolates harbored two or more resistance determinants. For the 178 pigs investigated, 49.4% of the swabs and 34.8% of the lymph nodes were Salmonella positive. The most prevalent serotypes in lymph nodes were Salmonella Derby (50.0%) and Salmonella Typhimurium (27.4%). From the Salmonella isolates from pigs, only 6% were sensitive to the antimicrobial agents tested. The high resistance level of Salmonella isolates from pigs and Chicken Carcasses to different classes of antimicrobials should be emphasized and encourage a prudent use of these agents in animal farming, especially in pig production.

Baowei Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • serovar diversity and antimicrobial resistance of non typhoidal salmonella enterica recovered from retail Chicken Carcasses for sale in different regions of china
    Food Control, 2017
    Co-Authors: Yeru Wang, Qian Chen, Shenghui Cui, Baowei Yang, Guihua Liu, Seamus Fanning, Qiuxia Chen, Gang Zhou, Jinlin Huang
    Abstract:

    Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS), the etiological agents in foodborne salmonellosis, is a major public health concern. This study describes the serovar diversity and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes identified in NTS isolates from retail whole Chicken Carcasses across six provinces of China. From food samples tested, a total of 2210 Salmonella isolates were recovered and these were serotyped by conventional and molecular serotyping methods and tested for their susceptibility to a panel of antimicrobial compounds. Sixteen serogroups and 52 serovars were identified, with serogroups B, D1 and C1 common among Enteritidis, Indiana and Infantis isolates. The serovar distribution varied both geographically and seasonally. Most (80.18%) of these isolates were found to be resistant to at least one antimicrobial compound and 54.6% were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Resistance to nalidixic acid (NAL) was common (70.6%) among the 11 tested compounds and no isolate was found to be resistant to carbapenems. There were 119 antimicrobial resistance profiles identified in the study collection. Two-hundred eighty-four isolates, including 99 Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana (S. Indiana), were resistant to seven or eight classes of antimicrobial compound. One-hundred eighty-three S. Indiana isolates were found to be co-resistant to ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime and 179 of these were confirmed as extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers. These data begin to describe the serovar diversity and antimicrobial resistance of NTS isolates recovered from retail Chicken Carcasses in parts of China. The findings highlight the emergence of ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime co-resistant S. Indiana, a feature displaying serious antimicrobial resistance but not commonly reported in human infections of Salmonella until recently. The food safety implications of these findings are discussed.

  • characterization of extended spectrum β lactamases esbls producing salmonella in retail raw Chicken Carcasses
    International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jing Qiao, Walid Q Alali, Shenghui Cui, Qiang Zhang, Jiawei Wang, Lingyuan Meng, Yingping Xiao, Hua Yang, Sheng Chen, Baowei Yang
    Abstract:

    Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Salmonella is considered a serious concern to public health worldwide. However, limited information is available on ESBLs-producing Salmonella in retail Chicken products in China. The objective of this study was to characterize ESBLs-producing Salmonella isolates from retail Chickens in China. A total of 890 Salmonella isolates from retail Chicken Carcasses collected from 4 provinces were firstly screened for ESBLs-production phenotype via the double-disk synergy test method. A total of 96 (10.8%, n=890) ESBLs-producing Salmonella were identified and subjected to PFGE analysis, characterization for the presence of ESBLs encoding genes, transposons, carbapenemase and virulence genes. A total of 59 PFGE profiles were detected in these 96 isolates, among which 57.3% were found to harbor blaTEM-1, whereas 30.2%, 24.0%, 18.8% and 7.3% were carrying blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-3 and blaPSE-1 genes, respectively. Moreover, 42 (43.8%) isolates co-carried 2 ESBLs-producing genes, and two (2.1%) isolates co-carried 3 genes. Furthermore, 24 (25.0%) ESBLs-producing isolates carried VIM and 10 (10.4%) carried KPC encoding genes that closely associated with carbapenems resistance. Eighty-eight isolates harbored transposons ranging from 4.2% for Tn903 to 76.0% for Tn21. Out of the 88 Salmonella that harbored transposons, 25%, 22.7%, 23.9%, 10.2% and 1.1% of isolates were found to carry 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 transposons, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, cefoperazone and cefoxitin) to ESBLs-producing isolates were from 4 to 1024μg/mL, for nalidixic acid were from 64 to 512μg/mL, for fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and gatifloxacin) were from 4 to 256μg/mL. Twenty-nine virulence genes were detected in the 96 ESBLs-producing isolates with 2.1% harbored spvR (lowest) and 90.6% harbored marT and steB (highest). All isolates carried at least one virulence gene, 83.3% of the isolates co-carried ≥10, 17.7% co-carried ≥15, and 1.0% co-carried 23 virulence genes. Interestingly, 16.7% of the isolates resistant to >12 antibiotics tested and shown to carry >4 transposons and 10 virulence genes. Our findings indicated that ESBLs-producing Salmonella isolated from retail Chicken meat in China were highly resistant to antibiotics, frequently harbored transposons, virulence genes, carbapenems hydrolysis enzymes and ESBLs encoding genes. These isolates can pose a significant public health risk.

  • antibiotic susceptibility and molecular screening of class i integron in salmonella isolates recovered from retail raw Chicken Carcasses in china
    Microbial Drug Resistance, 2017
    Co-Authors: Xiaofeng Meng, Shenghui Cui, Jianghong Meng, Zengfeng Zhang, Yin Wang, Xiaodong Xia, Xin Wang, Baowei Yang
    Abstract:

    Salmonella is one of the leading causes for foodborne diseases. Foods, particularly those of animal origin, act as an important role for Salmonella transmission. In this study, the antibiotic susceptibility of 743 Salmonella isolates recovered from retail raw Chicken Carcasses in eight provinces was tested, and the isolates were also screened for the presence of class I integron and drug-resistant gene cassettes. One hundred thirteen (15.21%) isolates were harboring class I integron. A higher percentage of integron-positive Salmonella isolates were found in retail Chicken in Sichuan Province (29.33%), followed by Beijing (22.14%), Shaanxi (19.15%), Guangxi (14.13%), Henan (12.50%), Shanghai (7.25%), Fujian (8.22%), and Guangdong (6.25%) Provinces. The respective prevalence of class I integron in Salmonella isolates recovered from retail Chickens in large, free, and small markets was 16.31%, 14.04%, and 15.27%. Moreover, 20.13%, 14.02%, and 13.74% of Salmonella isolates recovered from retail Chickens store...

  • Prevalence and quantification of Campylobacter contamination on raw Chicken Carcasses for retail sale in China
    Food Control, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jianghui Zhu, Yeru Wang, Shenghui Cui, Bai Yao, Xiaoyu Song, Baowei Yang, Jinlin Huang, Guihua Liu, Xiaorong Yang
    Abstract:

    Abstract The quantitative contamination load of Campylobacter on raw Chicken Carcasses at retail outlets in seven provinces and cities of China was determined. A total of 1587 Carcasses over 12 consecutive months were sampled. The overall Campylobacter contamination rate was 45.1% and 19.8% of contaminated Carcasses was higher in the load than 3.0 log10CFU/g. The median load was 2.1 log10CFU/g with 1.4 log10CFU/g as the 25th percentile and 2.9 log10CFU/g as the 75th percentile, respectively. Using logistic regression, it observed the significant provincial and monthly variations in prevalence, freshly slaughtered Chicken Carcasses (63.1%) were found to be 2.3 times higher compared to chilled Carcasses (32.9%), while no statistical significance was observed in prevalence among Chicken Carcasses that had various packaging solution (P = 0.370) nor from different market types (P = 0.680) suggesting that possible cross-contamination had occurred during processing and transportation. The present study found that 52.1%, 59.9%, 2.9%, 8.8% and 8.3% of Carcasses were contaminated with C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, C. fetus, and C. upsaliensis, respectively. A higher proportion of C. coli (45.4%) than C. jejuni (39.5%) were cultured from the contaminated Carcasses and this finding was suggestive of a high degree of cross-contamination occurred not just among poultry products, but also with pork products before/at retail points in China. This study provided quantitative data suitable for a risk assessment model designed to evaluate useful intervention methods to facilitate a reduction in the risk of campylobacteriosis arising from the consumption of contaminated domestically produced Chicken meat in China.

  • prevalence and quantification of salmonella contamination in raw Chicken Carcasses at the retail in china
    Food Control, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jianghui Zhu, Yeru Wang, Qian Chen, Shenghui Cui, Xiaoyu Song, Baowei Yang, Jinlin Huang, Guihua Liu, Gang Zhou, Qiuxia Chen
    Abstract:

    The quantitative contamination load of Salmonella in raw Chicken Carcasses at the retail level in six provinces and cities of China was determined within 1595 Carcasses over 12 consecutive months. The overall Salmonella contamination rate was 41.6% and the median load of those contaminated was 4.6 MPN/100 g with 1.8 MPN/100 g as the 25th percentile and 18.0 MPN/100 g as the 75th percentile. There were significant variations in prevalence among Carcasses sampled either in different provinces or sampling months. Carcasses collected in August had not only the highest prevalence of contamination (55.8%), but also the highest median (14.0 MPN/100 g) and 75th percentile load (120.0 MPN/100 g) values compared to January with lowest prevalence (26.5%), median (1.5 MPN/100 g) and 75th percentile load (7.6 MPN/100 g). The chilled (55.1%) stored Carcasses was significantly higher in prevalence than those frozen (33.5%) and those freshly slaughtered (28.3%), those unpackaged (45.1%) was more likely to be contaminated with Salmonella than those packaged (37.4%). The present study revealed the widely prevalent Salmonella contamination among retail Carcasses, indicating a strong potential of the cross-contamination occurred before and/or at the retail level. The study also provided quantitative data for a risk assessment evaluating potential intervention methods to reduce the risk of salmonellosis by consuming Chicken meat of Chinese origin.

Shenghui Cui - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • serovar diversity and antimicrobial resistance of non typhoidal salmonella enterica recovered from retail Chicken Carcasses for sale in different regions of china
    Food Control, 2017
    Co-Authors: Yeru Wang, Qian Chen, Shenghui Cui, Baowei Yang, Guihua Liu, Seamus Fanning, Qiuxia Chen, Gang Zhou, Jinlin Huang
    Abstract:

    Non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS), the etiological agents in foodborne salmonellosis, is a major public health concern. This study describes the serovar diversity and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes identified in NTS isolates from retail whole Chicken Carcasses across six provinces of China. From food samples tested, a total of 2210 Salmonella isolates were recovered and these were serotyped by conventional and molecular serotyping methods and tested for their susceptibility to a panel of antimicrobial compounds. Sixteen serogroups and 52 serovars were identified, with serogroups B, D1 and C1 common among Enteritidis, Indiana and Infantis isolates. The serovar distribution varied both geographically and seasonally. Most (80.18%) of these isolates were found to be resistant to at least one antimicrobial compound and 54.6% were multi-drug resistant (MDR). Resistance to nalidixic acid (NAL) was common (70.6%) among the 11 tested compounds and no isolate was found to be resistant to carbapenems. There were 119 antimicrobial resistance profiles identified in the study collection. Two-hundred eighty-four isolates, including 99 Salmonella enterica serovar Indiana (S. Indiana), were resistant to seven or eight classes of antimicrobial compound. One-hundred eighty-three S. Indiana isolates were found to be co-resistant to ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime and 179 of these were confirmed as extended-spectrum β-lactamase producers. These data begin to describe the serovar diversity and antimicrobial resistance of NTS isolates recovered from retail Chicken Carcasses in parts of China. The findings highlight the emergence of ciprofloxacin and cefotaxime co-resistant S. Indiana, a feature displaying serious antimicrobial resistance but not commonly reported in human infections of Salmonella until recently. The food safety implications of these findings are discussed.

  • characterization of extended spectrum β lactamases esbls producing salmonella in retail raw Chicken Carcasses
    International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jing Qiao, Walid Q Alali, Shenghui Cui, Qiang Zhang, Jiawei Wang, Lingyuan Meng, Yingping Xiao, Hua Yang, Sheng Chen, Baowei Yang
    Abstract:

    Extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs)-producing Salmonella is considered a serious concern to public health worldwide. However, limited information is available on ESBLs-producing Salmonella in retail Chicken products in China. The objective of this study was to characterize ESBLs-producing Salmonella isolates from retail Chickens in China. A total of 890 Salmonella isolates from retail Chicken Carcasses collected from 4 provinces were firstly screened for ESBLs-production phenotype via the double-disk synergy test method. A total of 96 (10.8%, n=890) ESBLs-producing Salmonella were identified and subjected to PFGE analysis, characterization for the presence of ESBLs encoding genes, transposons, carbapenemase and virulence genes. A total of 59 PFGE profiles were detected in these 96 isolates, among which 57.3% were found to harbor blaTEM-1, whereas 30.2%, 24.0%, 18.8% and 7.3% were carrying blaOXA-1, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-3 and blaPSE-1 genes, respectively. Moreover, 42 (43.8%) isolates co-carried 2 ESBLs-producing genes, and two (2.1%) isolates co-carried 3 genes. Furthermore, 24 (25.0%) ESBLs-producing isolates carried VIM and 10 (10.4%) carried KPC encoding genes that closely associated with carbapenems resistance. Eighty-eight isolates harbored transposons ranging from 4.2% for Tn903 to 76.0% for Tn21. Out of the 88 Salmonella that harbored transposons, 25%, 22.7%, 23.9%, 10.2% and 1.1% of isolates were found to carry 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 transposons, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for cephalosporins (ceftriaxone, cefoperazone and cefoxitin) to ESBLs-producing isolates were from 4 to 1024μg/mL, for nalidixic acid were from 64 to 512μg/mL, for fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and gatifloxacin) were from 4 to 256μg/mL. Twenty-nine virulence genes were detected in the 96 ESBLs-producing isolates with 2.1% harbored spvR (lowest) and 90.6% harbored marT and steB (highest). All isolates carried at least one virulence gene, 83.3% of the isolates co-carried ≥10, 17.7% co-carried ≥15, and 1.0% co-carried 23 virulence genes. Interestingly, 16.7% of the isolates resistant to >12 antibiotics tested and shown to carry >4 transposons and 10 virulence genes. Our findings indicated that ESBLs-producing Salmonella isolated from retail Chicken meat in China were highly resistant to antibiotics, frequently harbored transposons, virulence genes, carbapenems hydrolysis enzymes and ESBLs encoding genes. These isolates can pose a significant public health risk.

  • antibiotic susceptibility and molecular screening of class i integron in salmonella isolates recovered from retail raw Chicken Carcasses in china
    Microbial Drug Resistance, 2017
    Co-Authors: Xiaofeng Meng, Shenghui Cui, Jianghong Meng, Zengfeng Zhang, Yin Wang, Xiaodong Xia, Xin Wang, Baowei Yang
    Abstract:

    Salmonella is one of the leading causes for foodborne diseases. Foods, particularly those of animal origin, act as an important role for Salmonella transmission. In this study, the antibiotic susceptibility of 743 Salmonella isolates recovered from retail raw Chicken Carcasses in eight provinces was tested, and the isolates were also screened for the presence of class I integron and drug-resistant gene cassettes. One hundred thirteen (15.21%) isolates were harboring class I integron. A higher percentage of integron-positive Salmonella isolates were found in retail Chicken in Sichuan Province (29.33%), followed by Beijing (22.14%), Shaanxi (19.15%), Guangxi (14.13%), Henan (12.50%), Shanghai (7.25%), Fujian (8.22%), and Guangdong (6.25%) Provinces. The respective prevalence of class I integron in Salmonella isolates recovered from retail Chickens in large, free, and small markets was 16.31%, 14.04%, and 15.27%. Moreover, 20.13%, 14.02%, and 13.74% of Salmonella isolates recovered from retail Chickens store...

  • Prevalence and quantification of Campylobacter contamination on raw Chicken Carcasses for retail sale in China
    Food Control, 2017
    Co-Authors: Jianghui Zhu, Yeru Wang, Shenghui Cui, Bai Yao, Xiaoyu Song, Baowei Yang, Jinlin Huang, Guihua Liu, Xiaorong Yang
    Abstract:

    Abstract The quantitative contamination load of Campylobacter on raw Chicken Carcasses at retail outlets in seven provinces and cities of China was determined. A total of 1587 Carcasses over 12 consecutive months were sampled. The overall Campylobacter contamination rate was 45.1% and 19.8% of contaminated Carcasses was higher in the load than 3.0 log10CFU/g. The median load was 2.1 log10CFU/g with 1.4 log10CFU/g as the 25th percentile and 2.9 log10CFU/g as the 75th percentile, respectively. Using logistic regression, it observed the significant provincial and monthly variations in prevalence, freshly slaughtered Chicken Carcasses (63.1%) were found to be 2.3 times higher compared to chilled Carcasses (32.9%), while no statistical significance was observed in prevalence among Chicken Carcasses that had various packaging solution (P = 0.370) nor from different market types (P = 0.680) suggesting that possible cross-contamination had occurred during processing and transportation. The present study found that 52.1%, 59.9%, 2.9%, 8.8% and 8.3% of Carcasses were contaminated with C. jejuni, C. coli, C. lari, C. fetus, and C. upsaliensis, respectively. A higher proportion of C. coli (45.4%) than C. jejuni (39.5%) were cultured from the contaminated Carcasses and this finding was suggestive of a high degree of cross-contamination occurred not just among poultry products, but also with pork products before/at retail points in China. This study provided quantitative data suitable for a risk assessment model designed to evaluate useful intervention methods to facilitate a reduction in the risk of campylobacteriosis arising from the consumption of contaminated domestically produced Chicken meat in China.

  • prevalence and quantification of salmonella contamination in raw Chicken Carcasses at the retail in china
    Food Control, 2014
    Co-Authors: Jianghui Zhu, Yeru Wang, Qian Chen, Shenghui Cui, Xiaoyu Song, Baowei Yang, Jinlin Huang, Guihua Liu, Gang Zhou, Qiuxia Chen
    Abstract:

    The quantitative contamination load of Salmonella in raw Chicken Carcasses at the retail level in six provinces and cities of China was determined within 1595 Carcasses over 12 consecutive months. The overall Salmonella contamination rate was 41.6% and the median load of those contaminated was 4.6 MPN/100 g with 1.8 MPN/100 g as the 25th percentile and 18.0 MPN/100 g as the 75th percentile. There were significant variations in prevalence among Carcasses sampled either in different provinces or sampling months. Carcasses collected in August had not only the highest prevalence of contamination (55.8%), but also the highest median (14.0 MPN/100 g) and 75th percentile load (120.0 MPN/100 g) values compared to January with lowest prevalence (26.5%), median (1.5 MPN/100 g) and 75th percentile load (7.6 MPN/100 g). The chilled (55.1%) stored Carcasses was significantly higher in prevalence than those frozen (33.5%) and those freshly slaughtered (28.3%), those unpackaged (45.1%) was more likely to be contaminated with Salmonella than those packaged (37.4%). The present study revealed the widely prevalent Salmonella contamination among retail Carcasses, indicating a strong potential of the cross-contamination occurred before and/or at the retail level. The study also provided quantitative data for a risk assessment evaluating potential intervention methods to reduce the risk of salmonellosis by consuming Chicken meat of Chinese origin.