The Experts below are selected from a list of 228 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
C. E. Mapp - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors in the airways of smokers with Chronic Bronchitis
The European respiratory journal, 2004Co-Authors: Deborah Miotto, Piera Boschetto, Ilaria Bononi, E. Zeni, Giorgio Cavallesco, Leonardo M. Fabbri, C. E. MappAbstract:Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide involved in the regulation of airway mucus secretion. The biological functions of VIP are mediated through two receptors, the vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor type 1 (VPAC1R) and type 2 (VPAC2R). The aim of this study was to quantify the expression of both VPAC1R and VPAC2R in the central airways of smokers with Chronic Bronchitis. Surgical specimens were obtained from 33 smokers undergoing thoracotomy for localised pulmonary lesions: 23 smokers with symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis and 10 asymptomatic smokers with normal lung function. By using immunohistochemical and microscopic analysis, an increased expression of VPAC1R, but not VPAC2R, was found in bronchial epithelium, bronchial glands and vessels of smokers with symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis compared with asymptomatic smokers. Smokers with symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis also had an increased number of mononuclear cells positive for both VPAC1R and VPAC2R in the bronchial submucosa. In conclusion, the expression of type 1 and type 2 vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors is increased in the central airways of smokers with Chronic Bronchitis, suggesting their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of Chronic Bronchitis.
-
airflow limitation in Chronic Bronchitis is associated with t lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration of the bronchial mucosa
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 1996Co-Authors: A Di Stefano, Piera Boschetto, Leonardo M. Fabbri, C. E. Mapp, P Maestrelli, Graziella Turato, M P Ruggieri, A Roggeri, Marina SaettaAbstract:To investigate whether the airway inflammatory process is different in patients with Chronic Bronchitis with airflow limitation and those with Chronic Bronchitis without airflow limitation, we obtained bronchial biopsies from 14 subjects with Chronic sputum production and fixed airway obstruction, and from 10 subjects with Chronic sputum production and normal FEV1, all with a history of cigarette smoking. Paraffin-embedded and frozen bronchial biopsies were examined by immunohistochemistry to identify the number of neutrophils (neutrophil-elastase), eosinophils (antieosinophil cationic protein [EG-2]), mast cells (tryptase), T-lymphocytes (CD3), T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8), B-lymphocytes, and macrophages (CD68) in the submucosa. Subjects with Chronic Bronchitis with airflow limitation had a greater number of T-lymphocytes (p < 0.01) and macrophages (p < 0.05) than subjects with Chronic Bronchitis without airflow limitation, whereas the T-lymphocyte subpopulations and the numbers of B-lymphoc...
-
airway eosinophilia in Chronic Bronchitis during exacerbations
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 1994Co-Authors: Marina Saetta, C. E. Mapp, A Di Stefano, P Maestrelli, Graziella Turato, M P Ruggieri, A Roggeri, P G Calcagni, A Ciaccia, Leonardo M. FabbriAbstract:To examine the nature and the degree of airway inflammation in Chronic Bronchitis during exacerbations, bronchial biopsies and sputum were obtained in 11 subjects with Chronic Bronchitis examined during an exacerbation, and in 12 subjects with Chronic Bronchitis examined under baseline conditions. All subjects were nonatopic. Lobar bronchial biopsies were assessed using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques, and sputum was examined for differential cell counts of leukocytes. Subjects with Bronchitis during exacerbations had, on average, 30-fold more eosinophils in their bronchial biopsies than did those examined under baseline conditions (p < 0.001). Although to a lesser extent, the numbers of neutrophils (p < 0.01), T-lymphocytes (CD3) (p < 0.05), VLA-1-positive cells (p < 0.01), and TNF-alpha positive cells (p < 0.05) were also increased during exacerbations. By contrast, the T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8) and the numbers of macrophages, mast cells, IL-2R-positive cells, and IL-1 b...
Marina Saetta - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
airflow limitation in Chronic Bronchitis is associated with t lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration of the bronchial mucosa
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 1996Co-Authors: A Di Stefano, Piera Boschetto, Leonardo M. Fabbri, C. E. Mapp, P Maestrelli, Graziella Turato, M P Ruggieri, A Roggeri, Marina SaettaAbstract:To investigate whether the airway inflammatory process is different in patients with Chronic Bronchitis with airflow limitation and those with Chronic Bronchitis without airflow limitation, we obtained bronchial biopsies from 14 subjects with Chronic sputum production and fixed airway obstruction, and from 10 subjects with Chronic sputum production and normal FEV1, all with a history of cigarette smoking. Paraffin-embedded and frozen bronchial biopsies were examined by immunohistochemistry to identify the number of neutrophils (neutrophil-elastase), eosinophils (antieosinophil cationic protein [EG-2]), mast cells (tryptase), T-lymphocytes (CD3), T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8), B-lymphocytes, and macrophages (CD68) in the submucosa. Subjects with Chronic Bronchitis with airflow limitation had a greater number of T-lymphocytes (p < 0.01) and macrophages (p < 0.05) than subjects with Chronic Bronchitis without airflow limitation, whereas the T-lymphocyte subpopulations and the numbers of B-lymphoc...
-
airway eosinophilia in Chronic Bronchitis during exacerbations
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 1994Co-Authors: Marina Saetta, C. E. Mapp, A Di Stefano, P Maestrelli, Graziella Turato, M P Ruggieri, A Roggeri, P G Calcagni, A Ciaccia, Leonardo M. FabbriAbstract:To examine the nature and the degree of airway inflammation in Chronic Bronchitis during exacerbations, bronchial biopsies and sputum were obtained in 11 subjects with Chronic Bronchitis examined during an exacerbation, and in 12 subjects with Chronic Bronchitis examined under baseline conditions. All subjects were nonatopic. Lobar bronchial biopsies were assessed using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques, and sputum was examined for differential cell counts of leukocytes. Subjects with Bronchitis during exacerbations had, on average, 30-fold more eosinophils in their bronchial biopsies than did those examined under baseline conditions (p < 0.001). Although to a lesser extent, the numbers of neutrophils (p < 0.01), T-lymphocytes (CD3) (p < 0.05), VLA-1-positive cells (p < 0.01), and TNF-alpha positive cells (p < 0.05) were also increased during exacerbations. By contrast, the T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8) and the numbers of macrophages, mast cells, IL-2R-positive cells, and IL-1 b...
Leonardo M. Fabbri - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors in the airways of smokers with Chronic Bronchitis
The European respiratory journal, 2004Co-Authors: Deborah Miotto, Piera Boschetto, Ilaria Bononi, E. Zeni, Giorgio Cavallesco, Leonardo M. Fabbri, C. E. MappAbstract:Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) is a neuropeptide involved in the regulation of airway mucus secretion. The biological functions of VIP are mediated through two receptors, the vasoactive intestinal peptide receptor type 1 (VPAC1R) and type 2 (VPAC2R). The aim of this study was to quantify the expression of both VPAC1R and VPAC2R in the central airways of smokers with Chronic Bronchitis. Surgical specimens were obtained from 33 smokers undergoing thoracotomy for localised pulmonary lesions: 23 smokers with symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis and 10 asymptomatic smokers with normal lung function. By using immunohistochemical and microscopic analysis, an increased expression of VPAC1R, but not VPAC2R, was found in bronchial epithelium, bronchial glands and vessels of smokers with symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis compared with asymptomatic smokers. Smokers with symptoms of Chronic Bronchitis also had an increased number of mononuclear cells positive for both VPAC1R and VPAC2R in the bronchial submucosa. In conclusion, the expression of type 1 and type 2 vasoactive intestinal peptide receptors is increased in the central airways of smokers with Chronic Bronchitis, suggesting their possible involvement in the pathogenesis of Chronic Bronchitis.
-
airflow limitation in Chronic Bronchitis is associated with t lymphocyte and macrophage infiltration of the bronchial mucosa
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 1996Co-Authors: A Di Stefano, Piera Boschetto, Leonardo M. Fabbri, C. E. Mapp, P Maestrelli, Graziella Turato, M P Ruggieri, A Roggeri, Marina SaettaAbstract:To investigate whether the airway inflammatory process is different in patients with Chronic Bronchitis with airflow limitation and those with Chronic Bronchitis without airflow limitation, we obtained bronchial biopsies from 14 subjects with Chronic sputum production and fixed airway obstruction, and from 10 subjects with Chronic sputum production and normal FEV1, all with a history of cigarette smoking. Paraffin-embedded and frozen bronchial biopsies were examined by immunohistochemistry to identify the number of neutrophils (neutrophil-elastase), eosinophils (antieosinophil cationic protein [EG-2]), mast cells (tryptase), T-lymphocytes (CD3), T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8), B-lymphocytes, and macrophages (CD68) in the submucosa. Subjects with Chronic Bronchitis with airflow limitation had a greater number of T-lymphocytes (p < 0.01) and macrophages (p < 0.05) than subjects with Chronic Bronchitis without airflow limitation, whereas the T-lymphocyte subpopulations and the numbers of B-lymphoc...
-
airway eosinophilia in Chronic Bronchitis during exacerbations
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 1994Co-Authors: Marina Saetta, C. E. Mapp, A Di Stefano, P Maestrelli, Graziella Turato, M P Ruggieri, A Roggeri, P G Calcagni, A Ciaccia, Leonardo M. FabbriAbstract:To examine the nature and the degree of airway inflammation in Chronic Bronchitis during exacerbations, bronchial biopsies and sputum were obtained in 11 subjects with Chronic Bronchitis examined during an exacerbation, and in 12 subjects with Chronic Bronchitis examined under baseline conditions. All subjects were nonatopic. Lobar bronchial biopsies were assessed using histochemical and immunohistochemical techniques, and sputum was examined for differential cell counts of leukocytes. Subjects with Bronchitis during exacerbations had, on average, 30-fold more eosinophils in their bronchial biopsies than did those examined under baseline conditions (p < 0.001). Although to a lesser extent, the numbers of neutrophils (p < 0.01), T-lymphocytes (CD3) (p < 0.05), VLA-1-positive cells (p < 0.01), and TNF-alpha positive cells (p < 0.05) were also increased during exacerbations. By contrast, the T-lymphocyte subpopulations (CD4 and CD8) and the numbers of macrophages, mast cells, IL-2R-positive cells, and IL-1 b...
Guy Brusselle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
epidemiology and impact of Chronic Bronchitis in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
European Respiratory Journal, 2017Co-Authors: Lies Lahousse, Leen J M Seys, Guy Joos, Oscar H Franco, Bruno H Stricker, Guy BrusselleAbstract:Research on the association between Chronic Bronchitis and Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) exacerbations has led to discordant results. Furthermore, the impact of Chronic Bronchitis on mortality in COPD subjects is unclear. Within the Rotterdam Study, a population-based cohort study of subjects aged ≥45 years, Chronic Bronchitis was defined as having a productive cough for ≥3 months per year for two consecutive years. Linear, logistic regression and Cox proportional hazard models were adjusted for age, sex and pack-years. Out of 972 included COPD subjects, 752 had no Chronic phlegm production (CB-) and 220 had Chronic phlegm production, of whom 172 met the definition of Chronic Bronchitis (CB+). CB+ subjects were older, more frequently current smokers and had more pack-years than CB- subjects. During a median 6.5 years of followup, CB+ subjects had greater decline in lung function (-38 mL·year-1, 95% CI -61.7 - -14.6; p=0.024). CB+ subjects had an increased risk of frequent exacerbations (OR 4.0, 95% CI 2.7-5.9; p<0.001). In females, survival was significantly worse in CB+ subjects compared to CB- subjects. Regarding cause-specific mortality, CB+ subjects had an increased risk of respiratory mortality (hazard ratio 2.16, 95% CI 1.12-4.17; p=0.002). COPD subjects with Chronic Bronchitis have an increased risk of exacerbations and respiratory mortality compared to COPD subjects without Chronic phlegm production.
Margit Pelkonen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Smoking: relationship to Chronic Bronchitis, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mortality.
Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine, 2008Co-Authors: Margit PelkonenAbstract:PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To describe the recent findings concerning the relationship between smoking, Chronic Bronchitis, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mortality. RECENT FINDINGS: During their lifetime, over 40% of smokers develop Chronic Bronchitis. Chronic Bronchitis is associated with an accelerated decline in lung function - a risk of developing Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mortality. Approximately one-quarter of smokers can be affected by clinically significant Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The incidence of Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is also substantial in young adults. Smokers may reduce their risk of developing Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease by physical activity and increase their survival by smoking reduction. In adults and the elderly population, severe Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is associated with the most rapid decline in lung function, which is, in turn, associated with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease-related hospitalization and mortality. Using a fixed forced expiratory volume in 1 s/force vital capacity ratio (0.7) to define obstruction in Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease at old age is acceptable. In Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients, the disease is still underreported on death certificates. Chronic mucus production and being a female are associated with Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease mentioned on death certificates. SUMMARY: Chronic Bronchitis is a marker identifying high-risk individuals. With respect to Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and mortality, interventions to promote smoking cessation are important to reduce these risks.