The Experts below are selected from a list of 219927 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Christian Weber - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Neutrophils as protagonists and targets in Chronic Inflammation
    Nature Reviews Immunology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Oliver Soehnlein, Sabine Steffens, Andrés Hidalgo, Christian Weber
    Abstract:

    Traditionally, neutrophils have been acknowledged to be the first immune cells that are recruited to an inflamed tissue and have mainly been considered in the context of acute Inflammation. By contrast, their importance during Chronic Inflammation has been studied in less depth. This Review aims to summarize our current understanding of the roles of neutrophils in Chronic Inflammation, with a focus on how they communicate with other immune and non-immune cells within tissues. We also scrutinize the roles of neutrophils in wound healing and the resolution of Inflammation, and finally, we outline emerging therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils. Neutrophils are rapidly recruited to tissues in response to injury or infection, and they have mainly been studied in the context of acute Inflammation. However, neutrophils can also be important contributors to Chronic tissue Inflammation. This Review discusses neutrophil function in the context of Chronic Inflammation and considers the potential of targeting these cells in Chronic diseases. Neutrophils are primarily produced in the bone marrow through a process that is highly dependent on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). However, changes that are associated with Chronic Inflammation, such as psychosocial stress, hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia, can stimulate extramedullary neutrophil production and increase neutrophil numbers in the blood. The function of circulating neutrophils is modified by the presence of risk factors for Chronic Inflammation. Ageing of the host impairs neutrophil migration, whereas metabolic changes can prime neutrophils for activation. The interaction of neutrophils and platelets along the luminal aspect of sites of Inflammation is essential for fine-tuning neutrophil recruitment. Neutrophil secretory products, partly in conjunction with platelet-derived proteins, deliver molecular cues to stimulate secondary monocyte recruitment. Neutrophils and macrophages form an intricate partnership at sites of damage. During the Inflammation phase, neutrophils enhance macrophage activities that are aimed at eliminating the initiating stimulus. During the resolution phase, dying neutrophils convey an important signal that reprogrammes macrophages to promote healing. Neutrophils have recently been shown to be important in Chronic inflammatory diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis. Relevant mechanisms include their interplay with the monocyte lineage — for example, the enhancement of monocyte recruitment and the activation of macrophages — and their direct pro-inflammatory effects, such as release of reactive oxygen species and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and neutrophil-derived proteolytic activity. Neutrophil-instructed Chronic Inflammation can be targeted by inhibiting NET release or by breaking down NETs, by translating recent findings about neutrophil recruitment during Chronic Inflammation and by promoting the clearance of apoptotic neutrophils. In addition, neutrophil-derived microparticles that elicit anti-inflammatory responses represent an innovative strategy to reduce Inflammation.

  • neutrophils as protagonists and targets in Chronic Inflammation
    Nature Reviews Immunology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Oliver Soehnlein, Sabine Steffens, Andrés Hidalgo, Christian Weber
    Abstract:

    Traditionally, neutrophils have been acknowledged to be the first immune cells that are recruited to an inflamed tissue and have mainly been considered in the context of acute Inflammation. By contrast, their importance during Chronic Inflammation has been studied in less depth. This Review aims to summarize our current understanding of the roles of neutrophils in Chronic Inflammation, with a focus on how they communicate with other immune and non-immune cells within tissues. We also scrutinize the roles of neutrophils in wound healing and the resolution of Inflammation, and finally, we outline emerging therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils.

Raffaella Santi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Chronic Inflammation in urothelial bladder cancer
    Virchows Archiv, 2015
    Co-Authors: Gabriella Nesi, Stefania Nobili, Tommaso Cai, Saverio Caini, Raffaella Santi
    Abstract:

    The association between Inflammation and cancer has been pointed out in epidemiological and clinical studies, revealing how Chronic Inflammation may contribute to carcinogenesis in various malignancies. However, the molecular events leading to malignant transformation in a Chronically inflamed environment are not fully understood. In urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder, Inflammation plays a dual role. On the one hand, Chronic Inflammation is a well-established risk factor for the development of bladder cancer (BC), as seen in Schistosoma haematobium infection. On the other, intravesical therapy by bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), which induces Inflammation, offers protection against cancer recurrence. The large variety of pro-inflammatory mediators expressed by BC and immune cells binds to specific receptors which control signalling pathways. These activate transcription of a plethora of downstream factors. This review summarizes recent data regarding Inflammation and urothelial carcinoma, with special emphasis on the role the inflammatory response plays in BC recurrence risk and progression.

  • Chronic Inflammation in urothelial bladder cancer
    Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Gabriella Nesi, Stefania Nobili, Saverio Caini, T. Tony Cai, Raffaella Santi
    Abstract:

    The association between Inflammation and cancer has been pointed out in epidemiological and clinical studies, revealing how Chronic Inflammation may contribute to carcinogenesis in various malignancies. However, the molecular events leading to malignant transformation in a Chronically inflamed environment are not fully understood. In urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder, Inflammation plays a dual role. On the one hand, Chronic Inflammation is a well-established risk factor for the development of bladder cancer (BC), as seen in Schistosoma haematobium infection. On the other, intravesical therapy by bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), which induces Inflammation, offers protection against cancer recurrence. The large variety of pro-inflammatory mediators expressed by BC and immune cells binds to specific receptors which control signalling pathways. These activate transcription of a plethora of downstream factors. This review summarizes recent data regarding Inflammation and urothelial carcinoma, with special emphasis on the role the inflammatory response plays in BC recurrence risk and progression.

Andrés Hidalgo - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Neutrophils as protagonists and targets in Chronic Inflammation
    Nature Reviews Immunology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Oliver Soehnlein, Sabine Steffens, Andrés Hidalgo, Christian Weber
    Abstract:

    Traditionally, neutrophils have been acknowledged to be the first immune cells that are recruited to an inflamed tissue and have mainly been considered in the context of acute Inflammation. By contrast, their importance during Chronic Inflammation has been studied in less depth. This Review aims to summarize our current understanding of the roles of neutrophils in Chronic Inflammation, with a focus on how they communicate with other immune and non-immune cells within tissues. We also scrutinize the roles of neutrophils in wound healing and the resolution of Inflammation, and finally, we outline emerging therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils. Neutrophils are rapidly recruited to tissues in response to injury or infection, and they have mainly been studied in the context of acute Inflammation. However, neutrophils can also be important contributors to Chronic tissue Inflammation. This Review discusses neutrophil function in the context of Chronic Inflammation and considers the potential of targeting these cells in Chronic diseases. Neutrophils are primarily produced in the bone marrow through a process that is highly dependent on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). However, changes that are associated with Chronic Inflammation, such as psychosocial stress, hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia, can stimulate extramedullary neutrophil production and increase neutrophil numbers in the blood. The function of circulating neutrophils is modified by the presence of risk factors for Chronic Inflammation. Ageing of the host impairs neutrophil migration, whereas metabolic changes can prime neutrophils for activation. The interaction of neutrophils and platelets along the luminal aspect of sites of Inflammation is essential for fine-tuning neutrophil recruitment. Neutrophil secretory products, partly in conjunction with platelet-derived proteins, deliver molecular cues to stimulate secondary monocyte recruitment. Neutrophils and macrophages form an intricate partnership at sites of damage. During the Inflammation phase, neutrophils enhance macrophage activities that are aimed at eliminating the initiating stimulus. During the resolution phase, dying neutrophils convey an important signal that reprogrammes macrophages to promote healing. Neutrophils have recently been shown to be important in Chronic inflammatory diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis. Relevant mechanisms include their interplay with the monocyte lineage — for example, the enhancement of monocyte recruitment and the activation of macrophages — and their direct pro-inflammatory effects, such as release of reactive oxygen species and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and neutrophil-derived proteolytic activity. Neutrophil-instructed Chronic Inflammation can be targeted by inhibiting NET release or by breaking down NETs, by translating recent findings about neutrophil recruitment during Chronic Inflammation and by promoting the clearance of apoptotic neutrophils. In addition, neutrophil-derived microparticles that elicit anti-inflammatory responses represent an innovative strategy to reduce Inflammation.

  • neutrophils as protagonists and targets in Chronic Inflammation
    Nature Reviews Immunology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Oliver Soehnlein, Sabine Steffens, Andrés Hidalgo, Christian Weber
    Abstract:

    Traditionally, neutrophils have been acknowledged to be the first immune cells that are recruited to an inflamed tissue and have mainly been considered in the context of acute Inflammation. By contrast, their importance during Chronic Inflammation has been studied in less depth. This Review aims to summarize our current understanding of the roles of neutrophils in Chronic Inflammation, with a focus on how they communicate with other immune and non-immune cells within tissues. We also scrutinize the roles of neutrophils in wound healing and the resolution of Inflammation, and finally, we outline emerging therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils.

Oliver Soehnlein - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Neutrophils as protagonists and targets in Chronic Inflammation
    Nature Reviews Immunology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Oliver Soehnlein, Sabine Steffens, Andrés Hidalgo, Christian Weber
    Abstract:

    Traditionally, neutrophils have been acknowledged to be the first immune cells that are recruited to an inflamed tissue and have mainly been considered in the context of acute Inflammation. By contrast, their importance during Chronic Inflammation has been studied in less depth. This Review aims to summarize our current understanding of the roles of neutrophils in Chronic Inflammation, with a focus on how they communicate with other immune and non-immune cells within tissues. We also scrutinize the roles of neutrophils in wound healing and the resolution of Inflammation, and finally, we outline emerging therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils. Neutrophils are rapidly recruited to tissues in response to injury or infection, and they have mainly been studied in the context of acute Inflammation. However, neutrophils can also be important contributors to Chronic tissue Inflammation. This Review discusses neutrophil function in the context of Chronic Inflammation and considers the potential of targeting these cells in Chronic diseases. Neutrophils are primarily produced in the bone marrow through a process that is highly dependent on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF). However, changes that are associated with Chronic Inflammation, such as psychosocial stress, hyperlipidaemia and hyperglycaemia, can stimulate extramedullary neutrophil production and increase neutrophil numbers in the blood. The function of circulating neutrophils is modified by the presence of risk factors for Chronic Inflammation. Ageing of the host impairs neutrophil migration, whereas metabolic changes can prime neutrophils for activation. The interaction of neutrophils and platelets along the luminal aspect of sites of Inflammation is essential for fine-tuning neutrophil recruitment. Neutrophil secretory products, partly in conjunction with platelet-derived proteins, deliver molecular cues to stimulate secondary monocyte recruitment. Neutrophils and macrophages form an intricate partnership at sites of damage. During the Inflammation phase, neutrophils enhance macrophage activities that are aimed at eliminating the initiating stimulus. During the resolution phase, dying neutrophils convey an important signal that reprogrammes macrophages to promote healing. Neutrophils have recently been shown to be important in Chronic inflammatory diseases, including neurodegenerative diseases and atherosclerosis. Relevant mechanisms include their interplay with the monocyte lineage — for example, the enhancement of monocyte recruitment and the activation of macrophages — and their direct pro-inflammatory effects, such as release of reactive oxygen species and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and neutrophil-derived proteolytic activity. Neutrophil-instructed Chronic Inflammation can be targeted by inhibiting NET release or by breaking down NETs, by translating recent findings about neutrophil recruitment during Chronic Inflammation and by promoting the clearance of apoptotic neutrophils. In addition, neutrophil-derived microparticles that elicit anti-inflammatory responses represent an innovative strategy to reduce Inflammation.

  • neutrophils as protagonists and targets in Chronic Inflammation
    Nature Reviews Immunology, 2017
    Co-Authors: Oliver Soehnlein, Sabine Steffens, Andrés Hidalgo, Christian Weber
    Abstract:

    Traditionally, neutrophils have been acknowledged to be the first immune cells that are recruited to an inflamed tissue and have mainly been considered in the context of acute Inflammation. By contrast, their importance during Chronic Inflammation has been studied in less depth. This Review aims to summarize our current understanding of the roles of neutrophils in Chronic Inflammation, with a focus on how they communicate with other immune and non-immune cells within tissues. We also scrutinize the roles of neutrophils in wound healing and the resolution of Inflammation, and finally, we outline emerging therapeutic strategies that target neutrophils.

Gabriella Nesi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Chronic Inflammation in urothelial bladder cancer
    Virchows Archiv, 2015
    Co-Authors: Gabriella Nesi, Stefania Nobili, Tommaso Cai, Saverio Caini, Raffaella Santi
    Abstract:

    The association between Inflammation and cancer has been pointed out in epidemiological and clinical studies, revealing how Chronic Inflammation may contribute to carcinogenesis in various malignancies. However, the molecular events leading to malignant transformation in a Chronically inflamed environment are not fully understood. In urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder, Inflammation plays a dual role. On the one hand, Chronic Inflammation is a well-established risk factor for the development of bladder cancer (BC), as seen in Schistosoma haematobium infection. On the other, intravesical therapy by bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG), which induces Inflammation, offers protection against cancer recurrence. The large variety of pro-inflammatory mediators expressed by BC and immune cells binds to specific receptors which control signalling pathways. These activate transcription of a plethora of downstream factors. This review summarizes recent data regarding Inflammation and urothelial carcinoma, with special emphasis on the role the inflammatory response plays in BC recurrence risk and progression.

  • Chronic Inflammation in urothelial bladder cancer
    Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology, 2015
    Co-Authors: Gabriella Nesi, Stefania Nobili, Saverio Caini, T. Tony Cai, Raffaella Santi
    Abstract:

    The association between Inflammation and cancer has been pointed out in epidemiological and clinical studies, revealing how Chronic Inflammation may contribute to carcinogenesis in various malignancies. However, the molecular events leading to malignant transformation in a Chronically inflamed environment are not fully understood. In urothelial carcinoma of the urinary bladder, Inflammation plays a dual role. On the one hand, Chronic Inflammation is a well-established risk factor for the development of bladder cancer (BC), as seen in Schistosoma haematobium infection. On the other, intravesical therapy by bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), which induces Inflammation, offers protection against cancer recurrence. The large variety of pro-inflammatory mediators expressed by BC and immune cells binds to specific receptors which control signalling pathways. These activate transcription of a plethora of downstream factors. This review summarizes recent data regarding Inflammation and urothelial carcinoma, with special emphasis on the role the inflammatory response plays in BC recurrence risk and progression.