The Experts below are selected from a list of 306 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

John A. Kerner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Nutritional Needs and Support for Children with Chronic Liver Disease
    Nutrients, 2017
    Co-Authors: Christine Yang, Brandon J Perumpail, Eric R. Yoo, Aijaz Ahmed, John A. Kerner
    Abstract:

    Malnutrition has become a dangerously common problem in children with Chronic Liver Disease, negatively impacting neurocognitive development and growth. Furthermore, many children with Chronic Liver Disease will eventually require Liver transplantation. Thus, this association between malnourishment and Chronic Liver Disease in children becomes increasingly alarming as malnutrition is a predictor of poorer outcomes in Liver transplantation and is often associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Malnutrition requires aggressive and appropriate management to correct nutritional deficiencies. A comprehensive review of the literature has found that infants with Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) are particularly susceptible to malnutrition given their low reserves. Children with CLD would benefit from early intervention by a multi-disciplinary team, to try to achieve nutritional rehabilitation as well as to optimize outcomes for Liver transplant. This review explains the multifactorial nature of malnutrition in children with Chronic Liver Disease, defines the nutritional needs of these children, and discusses ways to optimize their nutritional.

Michael B Fallon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • pulmonary complications in Chronic Liver Disease
    Hepatology, 2014
    Co-Authors: Victor I Machicao, Maya Balakrishnan, Michael B Fallon
    Abstract:

    The association of Chronic Liver Disease with respiratory symptoms and hypoxia is well recognized. Over the last century, three pulmonary complications specific to Chronic Liver Disease have been characterized: hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS), portopulmonary hypertension (POPH), and hepatic hydrothorax (HH). The development of portal hypertension is fundamental in the pathogenesis of each of these disorders. HPS is the most common condition, found in 5%-30% of cirrhosis patients, manifested by abnormal oxygenation due to the development of intrapulmonary vascular dilatations. The presence of HPS increases mortality and impairs quality of life, but is reversible with Liver transplantation (LT). POPH is characterized by development of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the setting of portal hypertension, and is present in 5%-10% of cirrhosis patients evaluated for LT. Screening for POPH in cirrhosis patients eligible for LT is critical since severe POPH is a relative contraindication for LT. Patients with moderate POPH, who respond adequately to medical therapy, may benefit from LT, although sufficient controlled data are lacking. HH is a transudative pleural effusion seen in 5%-10% of cirrhosis patients, in the absence of cardiopulmonary Disease. Diagnosis of HH should prompt consideration for LT, which is the ultimate treatment for HH. Conservative management includes salt restriction and diuretics, with thoracentesis and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) as second-line therapeutic options.

  • pulmonary dysfunction in Chronic Liver Disease
    Hepatology, 2000
    Co-Authors: Michael B Fallon, Gary A Abrams
    Abstract:

    Pulmonary abnormalities and symptoms are common in patients with Chronic Liver Disease. If questioned, up to 70% of cirrhotic patients undergoing evaluation for Liver transplantation complain of dyspnea. 1 In screening studies of patients with Chronic Liver Disease, arterial blood gas abnormalities are found in as many as 45% and abnormal pulmonary function tests in as many as 50%. 2 A variety of causes for pulmonary dysfunction in Liver Disease have been identified and include intrinsic cardiopulmonary disorders not specifically related to Liver Disease as well as unique problems associated with the presence of Liver Disease and/or portal hypertension (Table 1). The recognition that a subset of patients with hepatic Disease develop significant pulmonary vascular alterations, either microvascular dilation leading to the hepatopulmonary syndrome (HPS) or arteriolar vasoconstriction leading to portopulmonary hypertension, indicates that unique changes in the pulmonary vasculature may occur in Liver Disease. These pulmonary vascular syndromes significantly impact morbidity and mortality in affected patients and influence candidacy for Liver transplantation. This review will focus on the most common abnormality in the pulmonary vasculature in Liver Disease: HPS. It will address the differential diagnosis, clinical features, diagnostic evaluation, therapy, and pathogenesis of this increasingly well-recognized syndrome.

Christine Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Nutritional Needs and Support for Children with Chronic Liver Disease
    Nutrients, 2017
    Co-Authors: Christine Yang, Brandon J Perumpail, Eric R. Yoo, Aijaz Ahmed, John A. Kerner
    Abstract:

    Malnutrition has become a dangerously common problem in children with Chronic Liver Disease, negatively impacting neurocognitive development and growth. Furthermore, many children with Chronic Liver Disease will eventually require Liver transplantation. Thus, this association between malnourishment and Chronic Liver Disease in children becomes increasingly alarming as malnutrition is a predictor of poorer outcomes in Liver transplantation and is often associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Malnutrition requires aggressive and appropriate management to correct nutritional deficiencies. A comprehensive review of the literature has found that infants with Chronic Liver Disease (CLD) are particularly susceptible to malnutrition given their low reserves. Children with CLD would benefit from early intervention by a multi-disciplinary team, to try to achieve nutritional rehabilitation as well as to optimize outcomes for Liver transplant. This review explains the multifactorial nature of malnutrition in children with Chronic Liver Disease, defines the nutritional needs of these children, and discusses ways to optimize their nutritional.

Kenneth B. Gordon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Cutaneous Manifestations of Chronic Liver Disease
    Clinics in liver disease, 2020
    Co-Authors: Ashaki Patel, Kimberly Katz, Kenneth B. Gordon
    Abstract:

    Given the visibility of cutaneous findings, skin manifestations are often a presenting symptom of underlying systemic Disease, including Chronic Liver Disease. Many cutaneous signs and symptoms that correlate with Chronic Liver Disease are common physical examination findings in patients with no history of Liver Disease. It is nonetheless important to be aware that these cutaneous findings may be an indication of underlying Liver Disease and often occur in the setting of such hepatic dysfunction. This article covers general cutaneous signs that may correlate with various Liver Diseases and describes specific cutaneous signs as they relate to more specific Liver Diseases.

James Ferguson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Review article: Chronic Liver Disease and pregnancy
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Rosemary E. Faulkes, Abhishek Chauhan, Ellen Knox, Tracey Johnston, Fiona Thompson, James Ferguson
    Abstract:

    Background The prevalence of Chronic Liver Disease in women of child bearing age is increasing, leading to a higher incidence of pregnancy in this cohort. Chronic medical conditions have a significant adverse effect on maternal morbidity and mortality. To date, reviews on this topic have been written either from a hepatology or obstetrics viewpoint, and no specific guidelines are available solely for the management of Chronic Liver Disease in pregnancy. Aims To produce a comprehensive review on the clinical management of women with Chronic Liver Disease during pregnancy, addressing the risks of pregnancy to mother and child, how these risks can be ameliorated, and what additional considerations are required for management of Chronic Liver Disease in pregnancy. Methods Data were collected up to May 2020 from the biomedical database PubMed, national and international guidelines in gastroenterology and hepatology. Results During pregnancy, women with cirrhosis are more likely to develop decompensated Disease, worsening of portal hypertension, and to deLiver premature infants. Conclusions The risks associated with pregnancy can be ameliorated by advanced planning, assessing risk using the model for end stage Liver Disease score and risk reduction through varices screening. A multidisciplinary approach is paramount in order to minimise complications and maximise the chance of a safe pregnancy and birth for mother and baby.