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Lisa A. Wright - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Public Library Circulation Increases as Spending Increases
Australasian Public Libraries and Information Services, 1999Co-Authors: Lisa A. WrightAbstract:CONTINUING A THREE-YEAR UPSWING, THE LATEST CIRC STATS SHOW A 5% INCREASE In 1997, the Index of American Public Library Circulation was 116, a 5% increase from the 1996 Circulation index of 110. The index of expenditures rose 7% from 138 in 1996 to 147 in 1997. The index of expenditures in constant 1990 dollars was 120 in 1997, a 4% increase from 115 in 1996. The index values are based on Figures reported annually by a sample of 112 libraries representative of all United States public libraries serving populations of over 25,000. The sample was taken from all public libraries serving populations of over 25,000 and is proportionally stratified according to rates of change in Circulation and expenditures from 1989 to 1992 as determined from "Public Libraries in the U.S." (National Center for Education Statistics, 1989 and 1992). The index scores are computed by dividing the library's reported 1997 Circulation and expenditure totals by its corresponding 1990 Figures and multiplying by 100. The resulting scores are ranked from highest to lowest, and the median score is the index value. The index of spending in 1990 dollars is calculated by dividing the expenditure index in each year by the Consumer Price Index (annual average for all urban consumers) converted to a 1990 base. Adult and juvenile Circulation One hundred and five public libraries, comprising 94% of the sample, reported adult and juvenile Circulation Figures for 1997. Only those 83 libraries which reported both the 1990 and 1997 juvenile and adult Circulation Figures were used to calculate the adult and juvenile indexes. The adult Circulation index increased 2% from 116 in 1996 to 118 in 1997. The juvenile Circulation index decreased by 3% from 115 in 1996 to 112 in 1997. The distribution of Circulation by adult and juvenile has remained fairly stable since 1992. In 1997 the Circulation breakdown was 63% adult and 37% juvenile. Annual expenditures The index value for salary expenditures increased by 1% from 141 in 1996 to 143 in 1997. The index value for material expenditures increased by 4% from 134 in 1996 to 139 in 1997. Meanwhile. the index for "other" expenditures increased from 123 to 140. up 14% from 1996. The percentage distribution of operating expenditures in 1997 was salaries at 65% of total operating expenditures, "other" expenditures at 19%, and materials at 16%. Circulation per capita increased from 6.0 in 1996 to 6.2 in 1997, Expenditures per item circulated also increased from $3.13 in 1996 to $3.17 in 1997. Expenditures per capita increased by 7% from $19.17 per capita in 1996 to $20,55 per capita in 1997. Material expenditures per capita increased 4% from 1996 to 1997 from $2.93 to $1.04. The 1990 census population Figures were used in calculating the per-capita statistics. …
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Public Library Circulation Rises along with Spending.
american libraries, 1996Co-Authors: Lisa A. WrightAbstract:The index values are based on Figures reported by a sample of 56 libraries representative of all U.S. public li braries serving populations of over 25,000. The sample was drawn based on changes in Circulation and expenditures from 1989 to 1992, and has been surveyed annually since 1990 by the Library Research Center at the University of II linois/Urbana-Champaign. The index scores are computed by dividing the library's reported 1995 Circulation and expenditure totals by its cor responding 1990 Figures and multiplying by 100. The re sulting scores are ranked from highest to lowest, and the median score is the index value. Spending in 1990 dollars is calculated by dividing the expenditure index in each year by the Consumer Price Index (annual average for all urban consumers) converted to a 1990 base. Fifty-one public libraries, comprising 91% of the sample, reported adult and juvenile Circulation Figures for 1995. Only those 47 libraries that reported both the 1990 and 1995 juvenile and adult Circulation Figures were used to calculate the adult and juvenile indexes. After a 9% decrease in the adult Circulation index last year (from 117 in 1993 to 107 in 1994), the adult circula
Frances Devlin-glass - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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More than a reader and less than a critic: Literary authority and women's book-discussion groups
Women's Studies International Forum, 2001Co-Authors: Frances Devlin-glassAbstract:The phenomenon of women reading books collaboratively is largely invisible, and certainly under-researched. This study, based on extensive Circulation Figures and on a small sample of members of four Council of Adult Education reading groups in metropolitan Melbourne, argues that such groups have a reading repertoire which is seriously middlebrow, far removed from the “wish-fulfillment” or “lazy reader” stereotypes purveyed by some who would scorn such groups. The study finds that such groups are sensitively served by the institution which hosts them. While such groups do not question the aesthetic assumptions that underlie their practice, they are combative with some manifestations of the literary establishment. Their powerful preferences for contemporary Australian women's fiction and their participation in global debates via identity politics suggests they warrant closer examination, both within Australian culture, and to find out if such groups have counterparts in other cultures.
John J. Bergan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chronic Venous Insufficiency - Chronic Venous Insufficiency
2000Co-Authors: Jeffrey L. Ballard, John J. BerganAbstract:J. L. Ballard, J. J. Bergan; London; 2000; Springer; 200 pages; $265.00. Venous surgery remains a Cinderella specialty, done by general surgeons and trainees, arguably to a lower standard than the more appealing major arterial surgery. Surgical specialization, which is creeping around much of the globe and, in particular, affluent Western countries, has raised the profile of venous disorders and arguably should go on to improve the standards of management. From the title of this book, I expected that it was going to deal with the more complex issues in venous surgery, but in fact, it is a comprehensive text aimed at surgeons at all levels of experience. It contains four sections: one on the basic pathophysiology of venous disorders, a review of the management of varicose veins, a discussion on the complex issues associated with chronic venous insufficiency, and finally, a section on the management of deep vein thrombosis. The overall standard of the chapters is high, and the contributors list reads like a who’s who of current experts on venous disease. The two senior editors bring a wealth of experience, and they have written a commentary at the beginning of each section. I liked this, and other editors might copy and even expand this idea. The text is clear and edited to an even standard; the chapters all contain a number of helpful tables. The illustrations are mostly black-and-white, but there are a number of color plates that certainly help to brighten up the text. As so often in a multiauthor book, the references are a little old (and mostly North American). Fortunately, progress is slow in venous disease, and little science of importance has been missed. So for whom is this book written? Students will find the basic science chapters helpful; venous anatomy, pathogenesis of venous insufficiency, venous thromboembolism, and risk factors are described clearly. Surgical trainees may benefit from the descriptions of the CEAP classification and the various techniques in varicose vein surgery. Practicing surgeons will enjoy the chapter by Darke that outlines the causes of recurrent varicose veins and perhaps learn new tricks from the descriptions of ambulatory phlebectomy and injection sclerotherapy. It seems this book has something for everyone, but perhaps that is one disadvantage: by covering so much at different levels it risks appealing to few. There are a few criticisms. There are two nonanalytical chapters on subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery that reflect the enthusiastic approach of the editors. These fit less than comfortably next to the excellent chapter on methods of deep venous reconstruction by the Hawaii group. The latter chapter purports to be evidence based, but the authors acknowledge in their comprehensive review that there is very little science on which to base firm conclusions. Finally, the chapters on active management of deep venous thrombosis could also have benefited from a more critical analysis; indeed, it is some time since urokinase has been withdrawn from use as a thrombolytic agent. I enjoyed reading this book and could recommend it as a comprehensive textbook on venous disease for surgeons and others working in vascular surgery. It deserves a wide Circulation, but I hope the authors are not disappointed by the final Circulation Figures. The cost of $265 may deter many individuals from purchasing a copy, although one will surely be available in all good libraries.
Davide A.l. Vignati - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Public health benefits and risks of fish consumption: current scientific evidence v. media coverage.
Public health nutrition, 2012Co-Authors: Federico A. Pasquarè, Roberta Bettinetti, Sonia Fumagalli, Davide A.l. VignatiAbstract:Objective To evaluate if and how the current degree of scientific uncertainty about the safety of fish consumption is incorporated at the media level. Design We used a dedicated software (TalTac ® ) to investigate the content of 169 news articles related to ‘mercury and fish consumption’ that appeared from 1990 to 2010 in the two Italian broadsheets with the highest Circulation Figures, in order to identify journalistic frames used in the coverage of benefits v . risks associated with fish consumption. Hypotheses were made on how the public might change fish consumption patterns as a result of media coverage. Setting Italy. Results The two newspapers have different agendas in covering the issue. La Repubblica appears to support the view that, besides health benefits, there may be risks associated with fish consumption, while Corriere della Sera emphasizes health benefits more than possible risks. Depending on the preferred information source, the public could: (i) reduce its fish intake; (ii) increase its fish intake; or (iii) become confused about the problem and sceptical towards the media, as a result of conflicting journalistic frames. Conclusions The Italian media, in cooperation with scientists, public health nutritionists and dietitians, should place more emphasis on the existence of a few fish species with high to very high Hg levels and relatively low contents of beneficial n -3 fatty acids (e.g. swordfish and shark). This would enable consumers to make more educated purchasing decisions to maximize the benefits of n -3 intake while reducing possible risks from consuming Hg-contaminated fish.
Jeffrey L. Ballard - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Chronic Venous Insufficiency - Chronic Venous Insufficiency
2000Co-Authors: Jeffrey L. Ballard, John J. BerganAbstract:J. L. Ballard, J. J. Bergan; London; 2000; Springer; 200 pages; $265.00. Venous surgery remains a Cinderella specialty, done by general surgeons and trainees, arguably to a lower standard than the more appealing major arterial surgery. Surgical specialization, which is creeping around much of the globe and, in particular, affluent Western countries, has raised the profile of venous disorders and arguably should go on to improve the standards of management. From the title of this book, I expected that it was going to deal with the more complex issues in venous surgery, but in fact, it is a comprehensive text aimed at surgeons at all levels of experience. It contains four sections: one on the basic pathophysiology of venous disorders, a review of the management of varicose veins, a discussion on the complex issues associated with chronic venous insufficiency, and finally, a section on the management of deep vein thrombosis. The overall standard of the chapters is high, and the contributors list reads like a who’s who of current experts on venous disease. The two senior editors bring a wealth of experience, and they have written a commentary at the beginning of each section. I liked this, and other editors might copy and even expand this idea. The text is clear and edited to an even standard; the chapters all contain a number of helpful tables. The illustrations are mostly black-and-white, but there are a number of color plates that certainly help to brighten up the text. As so often in a multiauthor book, the references are a little old (and mostly North American). Fortunately, progress is slow in venous disease, and little science of importance has been missed. So for whom is this book written? Students will find the basic science chapters helpful; venous anatomy, pathogenesis of venous insufficiency, venous thromboembolism, and risk factors are described clearly. Surgical trainees may benefit from the descriptions of the CEAP classification and the various techniques in varicose vein surgery. Practicing surgeons will enjoy the chapter by Darke that outlines the causes of recurrent varicose veins and perhaps learn new tricks from the descriptions of ambulatory phlebectomy and injection sclerotherapy. It seems this book has something for everyone, but perhaps that is one disadvantage: by covering so much at different levels it risks appealing to few. There are a few criticisms. There are two nonanalytical chapters on subfascial endoscopic perforator surgery that reflect the enthusiastic approach of the editors. These fit less than comfortably next to the excellent chapter on methods of deep venous reconstruction by the Hawaii group. The latter chapter purports to be evidence based, but the authors acknowledge in their comprehensive review that there is very little science on which to base firm conclusions. Finally, the chapters on active management of deep venous thrombosis could also have benefited from a more critical analysis; indeed, it is some time since urokinase has been withdrawn from use as a thrombolytic agent. I enjoyed reading this book and could recommend it as a comprehensive textbook on venous disease for surgeons and others working in vascular surgery. It deserves a wide Circulation, but I hope the authors are not disappointed by the final Circulation Figures. The cost of $265 may deter many individuals from purchasing a copy, although one will surely be available in all good libraries.