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Karoly Vekey - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit derived vesicles reveals heterogeneous transport and extracellular vesicle populations
Journal of Plant Physiology, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriella Pocsfalvi, Lilla Turiak, Alfredo Ambrosone, Pasquale Del Gaudio, Gina Puska, Immacolata Fiume, Tereasa Silvestre, Karoly VekeyAbstract:Cell-derived vesicles are membrane-enclosed organelles that transport material inside and outside the cell. Plant-derived vesicles are receiving more and more attention due to their potential as nanovectors for the delivery of biologically active substances. Here, we studied the heterogeneity and protein biocargo in Citrus Fruit juice sac cell-derived vesicles populations. Micro- and nano-sized vesicle fractions were isolated from four Citrus species, C. sinensis, C. limon, C. paradisi and C. aurantium, characterized using physicochemical methods and protein cargos were compared using label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics. In each sample approximately 600-800 proteins were identified. Orthologues of most of the top-ranking proteins have previously been reported in extracellular vesicles of mammalian origin. High expression levels of patellin-3-like, clathrin heavy chain, heat shock proteins, 14-3-3 protein, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 6 were measured in all samples while aquaporin was highly expressed only in the nanovesicle fractions. Bioinformatics revealed more than hundred protein orthologues potentially implicated in vesicular trafficking. In particular, the presence of CCV, COPI and COPII coat proteins indicates the presence of heterogeneous populations of intracellular transport vesicles. Moreover, a high number of different enzymes including hydrolases and oxidoreductases are ubiquities in Citrus Fruit sac cell-derived vesicles.
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protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit derived vesicles reveals heterogeneous transport and extracellular vesicles populations
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriella Pocsfalvi, Lilla Turiak, Alfredo Ambrosone, Pasquale Del Gaudio, Gina Puska, Immacolata Fiume, Tereasa Silvestre, Karoly VekeyAbstract:Cellular vesicles are membrane-enclosed organelles that transport material inside and outside the cell. Plant-derived vesicles are receiving increasing attention due to their potential as nanovectors for the delivery of biologically active substances. We aimed to expand our understanding about the heterogeneity and the protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit juice sac cell-derived vesicles. Micro- and nano-sized vesicle fractions were isolated from four Citrus species, C. sinensis, C. limon, C. paradisi and C. aurantium, characterized using physicochemical methods and protein cargos were compared using label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics. In each sample approximately 600-800 proteins were identified. Orthologues of most of the top-ranking proteins have previously been reported in extracellular vesicles of mammalian origin. Patellin-3-like, clathrin heavy chain, heat shock proteins, 14-3-3 protein, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 6 were highly expressed in all Citrus vesicle fractions. The presence of membrane channel aquaporin on the other hand characteristic of the nanovesicle fractions. Bioinformatics revealed more than hundred protein orthologues potentially implicated in vesicular trafficking. In particular, CCV, COPI and COPII coat proteins indicates the presence of highly heterogeneous populations of intracellular transport vesicles. Moreover, the different hydrolases and oxidoreductases transported within the Citrus Fruit-derived vesicles can be responsible for the various biological activities possessed by the preparations.
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protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit juice sac cells derived vesicles reveals heterogeneous transport and extracellular vesicle subpopulations
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriella Pocsfalvi, Lilla Turiak, Alfredo Ambrosone, Pasquale Del Gaudio, Gina Puska, Immacolata Fiume, Tereasa Silvestre, Karoly VekeyAbstract:Cellular vesicles are membrane-enclosed organelles that transport material inside and outside the cell. Plant-derived vesicles are receiving more and more attention due to their potential as nanovectors for the delivery of biologically active substances. We aimed to expand our understanding about the heterogeneity and the protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit juice sac cell-derived vesicles. Micro- and nano-sized vesicle fractions were isolated from four Citrus species, C. sinensis, C. limon, C. paradisi and C. aurantium, characterized using physicochemical methods and protein cargos were compared using label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics. In each sample approximately 600-800 proteins were identified. Orthologues of most of the top-ranking proteins have previously been reported in extracellular vesicles of mammalian origin. High expression of patellin-3-like, clathrin heavy chain, HSPs, 14-3-3 protein, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 6 could be observed in all the vesicle samples while Aquaporin was highly expressed only in nanovesicles. Bioinformatics revealed more than hundred protein orthologues potentially implicated in vesicular trafficking. In particular, the presence of CCV, COPI and COPII coat proteins indicates the presence of highly heterogeneous populations of intracellular transport vesicles. Moreover, the differential expressions of hydrolases and oxidoreductases enabled us to gain insights into their functions in Citrus Fruit sac cells.
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dissection of protein cargo of Citrus Fruit juice sac cells derived vesicles reveals heterogeneous transport and extracellular vesicles subpopulations
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriella Pocsfalvi, Lilla Turiak, Alfredo Ambrosone, Pasquale Del Gaudio, Gina Puska, Immacolata Fiume, Tereasa Silvestre, Karoly VekeyAbstract:Cellular vesicles are membrane-enclosed organelles that transport material inside and outside the cell. Plant-derived vesicles are receiving more and more attention due to their potential as nanovectors for the delivery of biologically active substances. We aimed to expand our understanding about the heterogeneity and the protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit juice sac cell-derived vesicles. Micro- and nano-sized vesicle fractions were isolated from four Citrus species, C. sinensis , C. limon , C. paradisi and C. aurantium , characterized using physicochemical methods and protein cargos were compared using label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics. In each sample approximately 600-800 proteins were identified. Orthologues of most of the top-ranking proteins have previously been reported in extracellular vesicles of mammalian origin. High expression of patellin-3-like, clathrin heavy chain, HSPs, 14-3-3 protein, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 6 could be observed in all the vesicle samples while Aquaporin was highly expressed only in nanovesicles. Bioinformatics revealed more than hundred protein orthologues potentially implicated in vesicular trafficking. In particular, the presence of CCV, COPI and COPII coat proteins indicates the presence of highly heterogeneous populations of intracellular transport vesicles. Moreover, the differential expressions of hydrolases and oxidoreductases enabled us to gain insights into their functions in Citrus Fruit juice sac cells.
Gabriella Pocsfalvi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit derived vesicles reveals heterogeneous transport and extracellular vesicle populations
Journal of Plant Physiology, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriella Pocsfalvi, Lilla Turiak, Alfredo Ambrosone, Pasquale Del Gaudio, Gina Puska, Immacolata Fiume, Tereasa Silvestre, Karoly VekeyAbstract:Cell-derived vesicles are membrane-enclosed organelles that transport material inside and outside the cell. Plant-derived vesicles are receiving more and more attention due to their potential as nanovectors for the delivery of biologically active substances. Here, we studied the heterogeneity and protein biocargo in Citrus Fruit juice sac cell-derived vesicles populations. Micro- and nano-sized vesicle fractions were isolated from four Citrus species, C. sinensis, C. limon, C. paradisi and C. aurantium, characterized using physicochemical methods and protein cargos were compared using label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics. In each sample approximately 600-800 proteins were identified. Orthologues of most of the top-ranking proteins have previously been reported in extracellular vesicles of mammalian origin. High expression levels of patellin-3-like, clathrin heavy chain, heat shock proteins, 14-3-3 protein, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 6 were measured in all samples while aquaporin was highly expressed only in the nanovesicle fractions. Bioinformatics revealed more than hundred protein orthologues potentially implicated in vesicular trafficking. In particular, the presence of CCV, COPI and COPII coat proteins indicates the presence of heterogeneous populations of intracellular transport vesicles. Moreover, a high number of different enzymes including hydrolases and oxidoreductases are ubiquities in Citrus Fruit sac cell-derived vesicles.
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protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit derived vesicles reveals heterogeneous transport and extracellular vesicles populations
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriella Pocsfalvi, Lilla Turiak, Alfredo Ambrosone, Pasquale Del Gaudio, Gina Puska, Immacolata Fiume, Tereasa Silvestre, Karoly VekeyAbstract:Cellular vesicles are membrane-enclosed organelles that transport material inside and outside the cell. Plant-derived vesicles are receiving increasing attention due to their potential as nanovectors for the delivery of biologically active substances. We aimed to expand our understanding about the heterogeneity and the protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit juice sac cell-derived vesicles. Micro- and nano-sized vesicle fractions were isolated from four Citrus species, C. sinensis, C. limon, C. paradisi and C. aurantium, characterized using physicochemical methods and protein cargos were compared using label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics. In each sample approximately 600-800 proteins were identified. Orthologues of most of the top-ranking proteins have previously been reported in extracellular vesicles of mammalian origin. Patellin-3-like, clathrin heavy chain, heat shock proteins, 14-3-3 protein, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 6 were highly expressed in all Citrus vesicle fractions. The presence of membrane channel aquaporin on the other hand characteristic of the nanovesicle fractions. Bioinformatics revealed more than hundred protein orthologues potentially implicated in vesicular trafficking. In particular, CCV, COPI and COPII coat proteins indicates the presence of highly heterogeneous populations of intracellular transport vesicles. Moreover, the different hydrolases and oxidoreductases transported within the Citrus Fruit-derived vesicles can be responsible for the various biological activities possessed by the preparations.
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protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit juice sac cells derived vesicles reveals heterogeneous transport and extracellular vesicle subpopulations
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriella Pocsfalvi, Lilla Turiak, Alfredo Ambrosone, Pasquale Del Gaudio, Gina Puska, Immacolata Fiume, Tereasa Silvestre, Karoly VekeyAbstract:Cellular vesicles are membrane-enclosed organelles that transport material inside and outside the cell. Plant-derived vesicles are receiving more and more attention due to their potential as nanovectors for the delivery of biologically active substances. We aimed to expand our understanding about the heterogeneity and the protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit juice sac cell-derived vesicles. Micro- and nano-sized vesicle fractions were isolated from four Citrus species, C. sinensis, C. limon, C. paradisi and C. aurantium, characterized using physicochemical methods and protein cargos were compared using label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics. In each sample approximately 600-800 proteins were identified. Orthologues of most of the top-ranking proteins have previously been reported in extracellular vesicles of mammalian origin. High expression of patellin-3-like, clathrin heavy chain, HSPs, 14-3-3 protein, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 6 could be observed in all the vesicle samples while Aquaporin was highly expressed only in nanovesicles. Bioinformatics revealed more than hundred protein orthologues potentially implicated in vesicular trafficking. In particular, the presence of CCV, COPI and COPII coat proteins indicates the presence of highly heterogeneous populations of intracellular transport vesicles. Moreover, the differential expressions of hydrolases and oxidoreductases enabled us to gain insights into their functions in Citrus Fruit sac cells.
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dissection of protein cargo of Citrus Fruit juice sac cells derived vesicles reveals heterogeneous transport and extracellular vesicles subpopulations
bioRxiv, 2018Co-Authors: Gabriella Pocsfalvi, Lilla Turiak, Alfredo Ambrosone, Pasquale Del Gaudio, Gina Puska, Immacolata Fiume, Tereasa Silvestre, Karoly VekeyAbstract:Cellular vesicles are membrane-enclosed organelles that transport material inside and outside the cell. Plant-derived vesicles are receiving more and more attention due to their potential as nanovectors for the delivery of biologically active substances. We aimed to expand our understanding about the heterogeneity and the protein biocargo of Citrus Fruit juice sac cell-derived vesicles. Micro- and nano-sized vesicle fractions were isolated from four Citrus species, C. sinensis , C. limon , C. paradisi and C. aurantium , characterized using physicochemical methods and protein cargos were compared using label-free quantitative shotgun proteomics. In each sample approximately 600-800 proteins were identified. Orthologues of most of the top-ranking proteins have previously been reported in extracellular vesicles of mammalian origin. High expression of patellin-3-like, clathrin heavy chain, HSPs, 14-3-3 protein, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase and fructose-bisphosphate aldolase 6 could be observed in all the vesicle samples while Aquaporin was highly expressed only in nanovesicles. Bioinformatics revealed more than hundred protein orthologues potentially implicated in vesicular trafficking. In particular, the presence of CCV, COPI and COPII coat proteins indicates the presence of highly heterogeneous populations of intracellular transport vesicles. Moreover, the differential expressions of hydrolases and oxidoreductases enabled us to gain insights into their functions in Citrus Fruit juice sac cells.
Luis Gonzalezcandelas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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involvement of abscisic acid in the resistance of Citrus Fruit to penicillium digitatum infection
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2019Co-Authors: Maria T Lafuente, Ana-rosa Ballester, Luis GonzalezcandelasAbstract:Abstract The involvement of hormone abscisic acid (ABA) in Citrus Fruit resistance to Penicillium digitatum infection was investigated. To this end, the effect of both exogenous ABA and inhibitors of ABA biosynthesis in plants on the resistance of sweet oranges to be infected by this major postharvest pathogen, and also on in vitro fungal growth, was examined. The ability of both P. digitatum to infect wild-type Navelate orange Fruit (Citrus sinesis (L.) Osbeck) and its spontaneous ABA-deficient mutant Pinalate was compared. The results showed that the Pinalate orange was more susceptible than its parental to infection, and exogenous ABA reduced the percentage of infected Fruits and also the maceration zone of this mutant without affecting in vitro fungal growth. The global results indicated that the ABA of the Fruit plays a defensive role in Citrus Fruit against P. digitatum infection. This work demonstrates, for the first time, the ability of P. digitatum to produce ABA. The hormone decreased in Fruit in early stages as a consequence of infection. Thereafter when tissue maceration became evident, ABA increased, and this rise seemed related to the P. digitatum-induced rise in ethylene production. This was suggested by the fact that ABA increased in Navelate orange, but not in its ABA-deficient mutant Pinalate in this infection stage, while exogenous ethylene barely increased ABA in the mutant. Finally, the sharp marked rise in free ABA in later stages was likely related to free ABA being released from conjugated ABA, and also to fungal ABA. However, fungal ABA was not a primary virulence factor in Citrus Fruit infection.
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functional and pharmacological analyses of the role of penicillium digitatum proteases on virulence
Microorganisms, 2019Co-Authors: Ana-rosa Ballester, Mario Lopezperez, Beatriz De La Fuente, Luis GonzalezcandelasAbstract:Penicillium digitatum is the major postharvest pathogen of Citrus Fruit under Mediterranean climate conditions. Previous results have shown that proteases is the largest enzyme family induced by P. digitatum during Fruit infection. In the present work, we addressed the study of the role of P. digitatum’s proteases in virulence following two complementary approaches. In the first approach, we undertook the functional characterization of the P. digitatum prtT gene, which codes for a putative transcription factor previously shown to regulate extracellular proteases in other filamentous fungi. Deletion of prtT caused a significant loss in secreted protease activity during in vitro growth assays. However, there was no effect on virulence. Gene expression of the two major secreted acid proteases was barely affected in the ΔprtT deletant during infection of Citrus Fruit. Hence, no conclusion could be drawn on the role of these secreted acidic proteases on the virulence of P. digitatum. In the second approach, we studied the effect of different protease inhibitors and chelators on virulence. Co-inoculation of Citrus Fruit with P. digitatum conidia and a cocktail of protease inhibitors resulted in almost a complete absence of disease development. Analysis of individual inhibitors revealed that the metalloprotease inhibitor, 1,10-phenanthroline, was responsible for the observed effect. The application of metal ions reverted the protective effect caused by the metallopeptidase inhibitor. These results may set the basis for the development of new alternative treatments to combat this important postharvest pathogen.
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differential contribution of the two major polygalacturonases from penicillium digitatum to virulence towards Citrus Fruit
International Journal of Food Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: L Vilanova, Ana-rosa Ballester, Mario Lopezperez, N Teixido, J Usall, I Lara, Inmaculada Vinas, R Torres, Luis GonzalezcandelasAbstract:The fungus Penicillium digitatum is the causal agent of the Citrus green mould, the major postharvest diseases of Citrus Fruit. Lesions on the surface of infected Fruits first appear as soft areas around the inoculation site, due to maceration of Fruit. The macerating activity has been associated with pectinases secreted by the fungus during infection. In order to evaluate the contribution to virulence and macerating activity of the two major polygalacturonases (PGs) secreted by P. digitatum, we have obtained and characterized mutants lacking either pg1 or pg2, the genes encoding PG1 and PG2, respectively. Disease incidence of deletants in either gene was not different from that of the parental strain or ectopic transformants. However, disease progressed more slowly in deletants, especially in those lacking the pg2 gene. The lesions originated by the Δpg2 deletants were not as soft and the pH was not as acid as those originated by either the wild type strain or the ectopic transformants. Total PG activity in the macerated tissue was also lower in Fruits infected with the Δpg2 deletants. Interestingly, the macerated tissue of oranges infected with Δpg2 deletants showed around 50% reduction in galacturonic acid content with respect to lesions caused by any other strain.
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Citrus phenylpropanoids and defence against pathogens part ii gene expression and metabolite accumulation in the response of Fruits to penicillium digitatum infection
Food Chemistry, 2013Co-Authors: Ana-rosa Ballester, Teresa M Lafuente, Luis GonzalezcandelasAbstract:Abstract The effect of infection of Citrus sinensis (var. Navelina) Fruits with Penicillium digitatum was studied at gene expression and metabolite levels. In this study, expression of genes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway was studied in the flavedo (outer coloured part of the peel) and albedo (inner white part) in response to pathogen infection. Results of the time-course experiment showed that maximal expression of 10 out of 17 phenylpropanoid genes analysed occurred at 48 h post-inoculation, when decay symptoms started to appear, and mRNA levels either kept constant or decreased after 72 h post-inoculation. To further investigate the putative involvement of the phenylpropanoid pathway in the defence of Citrus Fruit, changes in the metabolic profile of both tissues infected with P. digitatum was studied by means of HPLC-PDA-FD. Metabolite accumulation levels along the time course suggest that flavanones, flavones, polymethoxylated flavones and scoparone are induced in Citrus Fruit in response to P. digitatum infection, although with different trends depending on the tissue.
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a transcriptomic approach highlights induction of secondary metabolism in Citrus Fruit in response to penicillium digitatum infection
BMC Plant Biology, 2010Co-Authors: Luis Gonzalezcandelas, S Alamar, Paloma Sancheztorres, Lorenzo Zacarias, Jose F MarcosAbstract:Background Postharvest losses of Citrus Fruit due to green mold decay, caused by the fungus Penicillium digitaum, have a considerable economic impact. However, little is known about the molecular processes underlying the response of Citrus Fruit to P. digitatum.
Samir Droby - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evaluating the use of biosensors for monitoring of penicillium digitatum infection in Citrus Fruit
Sensors and Actuators B-chemical, 2020Co-Authors: Daniel Chalupowicz, Samir Droby, Boris Veltman, Evgeni EltzovAbstract:Abstract Penicillium digitatum is a major postharvest pathogen in Citrus Fruit that causes losses in all Citrus-growing countries. In this study, a new whole-cell-based biosensor was developed to detect the fungus’ presence in oranges. The approach was based on bacteria's luminescent responses to changes in volatile organic compounds (VOCs) following infection by a pathogenic microorganism in oranges. Differences between VOC patterns in the infected and noninfected Fruit were monitored by GC–MS and then with four different genetically modified bioluminescent bacterial strains. GC–MS detected the changes in emitted VOC patterns during the first infection steps. Bioreporter strains allowed pathogen detection on the third day of infection, before the appearance of visible signs of fungal infection on the surface of the orange. Thanks to their increased sensitivity, portability and ease of use, whole-cell biosensors may serve as a new tool for monitoring rot. In the future, such technology will reduce food losses by enabling more efficient crop management throughout postharvest treatment, storage and transport.
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de novo assembly and characterization of the transcriptome of metschnikowia fructicola reveals differences in gene expression following interaction with penicillium digitatum and grapeFruit peel
BMC Genomics, 2013Co-Authors: Vera Hershkovitz, Leena Tahasalaime, Clarita Kessler, Maggie Levy, Noa Sela, G Rafael, Michael Wisniewski, Samir DrobyAbstract:Background The yeast Metschnikowia fructicola is an antagonist with biological control activity against postharvest diseases of several Fruits. We performed a transcriptome analysis, using RNA-Seq technology, to examine the response of M. fructicola with Citrus Fruit and with the postharvest pathogen, Penicillium digitatum.
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penicillium digitatum suppresses production of hydrogen peroxide in host tissue during infection of Citrus Fruit
Phytopathology, 2007Co-Authors: Dumitru Macarisin, Eduard Belausov, A Eick, L Cohen, G Rafael, Michael Wisniewski, Samir DrobyAbstract:Macarisin, D., Cohen, L., Eick, A., Rafael, G., Belausov, E., Wisniewski, M., and Droby, S. 2007. Penicillium digitatum suppresses production of hydrogen peroxide in host tissue during infection of Citrus Fruit. Phytopathology 97:1491-1500. During the infection of Citrus Fruit by Penicillium digitatum there is little evidence of a host defense response. This suggests that P. digitatum has the ability to suppress host defenses. The current study demonstrates that P. digitatum suppresses a defense-related hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) burst in host tissue. In contrast, the nonhost pathogen, Penicillium expansum, triggers production of a significant amount of H2O2 in Citrus Fruit exocarp. Using laser scanning confocal microscopy, we demonstrated that P. digitatum suppressed an elevation in H2O2 up to 42 h after inoculation. Nevertheless, H2O2 levels around wounds inoculated with P. expansum increased by 63-fold above the control. P. digitatum continued to suppress H2O2 production in Citrus Fruit exocarp up to 66 h postinoculation and H2O2 levels were actually threefold below that of noninoculated controls. In contrast, the H2O2 level was still about 11-fold above the control value in wound sites inoculated with P. expansum. Studies on the effect of organic acids (as pH modulators) on the response of Citrus Fruit to compatible and noncompatible pathogens indicated that pathogenicity was enhanced only when host-tissue acidification was accompanied by the suppression of H2O2. Additionally, pathogenicity of both P. digitatum and P. expansum on Citrus Fruit was significantly enhanced by the H2O2-scavenging enzyme catalase. Based on our study and previous reports regarding the potential involvement of citric acid and catalase in green mold pathogenesis, we suggest that these compounds are strongly associated with the virulence of P. digitatum.
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reduction of postharvest decay in organic Citrus Fruit by a short hot water brushing treatment
Postharvest Biology and Technology, 2000Co-Authors: Ron Porat, Avinoam Daus, Elazar Fallik, L Cohen, B. Weiss, Samir DrobyAbstract:Abstract The marketing of organic Citrus Fruit has markedly increased during the last few years. However, these Fruits are not treated with chemical fungicides and suffer from relatively high rates of decay. In this study, we examined the possible use of a new hot water brushing (HWB) treatment, to disinfect the Fruits and reduce decay development during postharvest storage. Preliminary observations have shown that a minimum exposure period of 20 s at 56°C was required to inhibit Penicillium digitatum (Pers.: Fr.) Sacc spore germination in vitro. In vivo studies, carried out by rinsing and brushing the Fruit 24 h after artificial inoculation with a P. digitatum spore suspension, indicated that HWB at 56, 59 and 62°C for 20 s, reduced decay development in the infected wounds to only 20, 5 and less than 1%, respectively, of that in untreated control Fruits or Fruits treated with tap water. The effects of HWB at 56, 59 and 62°C for 20 s on epiphytic microflora, was further confirmed by the reduction of the microbial counts (CFU) on the Fruit surface to only 24, 12, and less than 1%, respectively, of those on Fruit that had been rinsed and brushed with tap water. Scanning electron microscopy showed that HWB at 56°C for 20 s had smoothed the Fruit epicuticular waxes and thus covered and sealed stomata and cracks on the Fruit surface, which could have served as potential pathogen invasion sites. Postharvest storage experiments using various organically grown Citrus cultivars such as ‘Minneola’ tangerines, ‘Shamouti’ oranges and ‘Star Ruby’ red grapeFruit, showed that HWB at 56°C for 20 s reduced decay development by 45–55%. The HWB treatment at 56°C did not cause surface damage, and did not influence Fruit weight loss or internal quality parameters.
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pilot testing of pichia guilliermondii a biocontrol agent of postharvest diseases of Citrus Fruit
Biological Control, 1993Co-Authors: Samir Droby, R Hofstein, Charles L Wilson, B Fridlender, Avinoam Daus, D Timar, L Cohen, Michael Wisniewski, B. Weiss, Edo ChalutzAbstract:Abstract The efficacy of the yeast Pichia guillierrnondii (US-7) in controlling postharvest decay of Citrus Fruit was evaluated in small-scale and pilot tests in commercial packinghouses. In scale-up fermentation on cheap industrial waste materials, P. guillierrnondii grew efficiently and maintained its antagonistic activity, as tested in in vitro assay against spore germination of Penicilliurn digitatum. In small-scale experiments with injured and non-injured Fruits dipped in the yeast cell suspension, the development of decay in several Citrus cultivars was effectively inhibited. The yeast was compatible with a mixture of commonly used waxes containing a low concentration of a chemical fungicide. In packinghouse tests, combining the yeast with 200 ppm thiabendazole (TBZ) resulted in a reduction in the incidence of decay to a level equal to that of the commercial treatment of 2000 ppm TBZ. The efficacy of US-7 could also be maintained under packinghouse conditions at a cell concentration of the yeast antagonist as low as 107 cells/ml. No significant difference in the efficacy of P. guilliermondii was found in either the drench or the spray application systems tested in Citrus packing-houses.
Gordo H Guya - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Citrus Fruit intake and stomach cancer risk a quantitative systematic review
Gastric Cancer, 2008Co-Authors: Eun Ja Lee, Gordo H GuyaAbstract:The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate the association between dietary intake of Citrus Fruits and gastric cancer risk. We searched electronic databases and the reference lists of publications on diet and stomach cancer studies until April 2007. All of the epidemiological studies that obtained individual data on dietary intake of Citrus Fruits and presented risk estimates of the association between intake of Citrus Fruits and risk of stomach cancer were identified and included in this review. Using general variance-based methods, study-specific odds ratio (OR)/ relative risk (RR) and associated confidence interval (CI)/ standard error (SE) for highest versus lowest intake of Citrus Fruits level were extracted from each article. Fourteen articles, including six hospital-based case-control studies, six community-based case-control studies, and two cohort studies, proved eligible. Overall summary OR using a fixed-effect model showed a 28% reduction in risk of stomach cancer associated with high intake of Citrus Fruits (summary OR = 0.72; 95% CI = 0.64–0.81; P value <0.0001); results were consistent across studies (I2 = 0, where I2 describes the percentage of total variation across studies because of heterogeneity rather than chance). Also, visual inspection of the results did not suggest a publication bias. Pooled results from observational studies support a protective effect of high Citrus Fruit intake in the risk of stomach cancer.