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Michael Ibison - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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un renormalized Classical Electromagnetism
arXiv: General Physics, 2007Co-Authors: Michael IbisonAbstract:This paper follows in the tradition of direct-action versions of Electromagnetism having the aim of avoiding a balance of infinities wherein a mechanical mass offsets an infinite electromagnetic mass so as to arrive at a finite observed value. Given that, in this respect the direct-action approached ultimately failed because its initial exclusion of self-action was found to be untenable in the relativistic domain, this paper continues the tradition considering instead a version of Electromagnetism wherein mechanical action is excluded and self-action is retained. It is shown that the resulting theory is effectively interacting due to the presence of infinite forces. A vehicle for the investigation is a pair of Classical point charges in a positronium-like arrangement for which the orbits are found to be self-sustaining and naturally quantized.
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un renormalized Classical Electromagnetism
Annals of Physics, 2006Co-Authors: Michael IbisonAbstract:Abstract This paper follows in the tradition of direct-action versions of Electromagnetism having the aim of avoiding a balance of infinities wherein a mechanical mass offsets an infinite electromagnetic mass so as to arrive at a finite observed value. However, the direct-action approach ultimately failed in that respect because its initial exclusion of self-action was later found to be untenable in the relativistic domain. Pursing the same end, this paper examines instead a version of Electromagnetism wherein mechanical action is excluded and self-action is retained. It is shown that the resulting theory is effectively interacting due to the presence of infinite forces. A vehicle for the investigation is a pair of Classical point charges in a positronium-like arrangement for which the orbits are found to be self-sustaining and naturally quantized.
Germain Rousseaux - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Galilean Covariance versus Gauge Invariance
2009Co-Authors: Germain RousseauxAbstract:We demonstrate for the first time and unexpectedly that the Principle of Relativity dictates the choice of the ”gauge conditions” in the canonical example of a Gauge Theory namely Classical Electromagnetism. All the known ”gauge conditions” of the literature are interpreted physically as electromagnetic continuity equations hence the ”gauge fields”. The existence of a Galilean Electromagnetism with TWO dual limits (”electric” and ”magnetic”) is the crux of the problem [1]. A phase-space with the domains of validity of the various ”gauge conditions” is provided and is shown to depend on three characteristic times : the magnetic diffusion time, the charge relaxation time and the transit time of electromagnetic waves in a continuous medium [2].
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Comment on the paper by Rovelli & al. about the compatibility of various "gauge conditions
2007Co-Authors: Germain RousseauxAbstract:The compatibility "demonstrated" by Rovelli & al. between various "gauge conditions" both in Classical Electromagnetism and General Relativity can be better understood if one distinguishes "gauge conditions" of the solution type and "gauge conditions" of the constraint type.
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Sur un effet physique attribuable uniquement au potentiel vecteur en électromagnétisme classique
2006Co-Authors: Germain Rousseaux, Richard Kofman, Olivier MinazolliAbstract:We present the theory, the design and the discussion of an experiment which allows to choose between the local formulation of Riemann-Lorenz and the non-local formulation of Heaviside-Hertz in order to describe Classical Electromagnetism.
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On some applications of Galilean electrodynamics of moving bodies
2006Co-Authors: Marc De Montigny, Germain RousseauxAbstract:We discuss the seminal article in which Le Bellac and Lévy-Leblond have identified two Galilean limits of Electromagnetism [1], and its modern implications. Recent works have shed a new light on the choice of gauge conditions in Classical Electromagnetism. We discuss various applications and experiments, such as in quantum mechanics, superconductivity, electrodynamics of continuous media, etc. Much of the current technology, where waves are not taken into account, is actually based on Galilean Electromagnetism
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Les structures fines de l'électromagnétisme classique et de la relativité restreinte (The fine structures of Classical Electromagnetism and Special Relativity)
2006Co-Authors: Yves Pierseaux, Germain RousseauxAbstract:One of us (Y.P.) has shown the existence of a longitudinal component in the propagation of light waves on the basis of the kinematics underlying Poincaré's ellipse. We show how this statement agrees with the electromagnetic theory. We recall that the second of us supports the existence of a "fine structure" of Electromagnetism that is, the co-existence of two theories, one based on the fields (Heaviside-Hertz) and the other on the potentials (Riemann-Lorenz). The existence of two different kinematics (the "fine structure" of Special Relativity : Einstein or Poincaré) corresponds to these two formulations of Classical Electromagnetism. With this goal in mind, we prove the relativistic covariance of the Helmholtz decomposition of the vector potential. This one translates into a generalized compensation for all directions of propagation, on the basis of the tangent to Poincaré's ellipse, between the scalar potential and the longitudinal component of the vector potential. The adoption by Poincaré of the Lorenz gauge condition (with longitudinal and temporal components) is in contrast with the Einsteinian photon and the Einsteinian kinematics with only transversal components compatible with the choice of the "completed" Coulomb gauge condition (transverse gauge).
Hilary Greaves - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Time Reversal in Classical Electromagnetism
The British Journal for the Philosophy of Science, 2009Co-Authors: Frank Arntzenius, Hilary GreavesAbstract:Richard Feynman has claimed that anti-particles are nothing but particles ‘propagating backwards in time’; that time reversing a particle state always turns it into the corresponding anti-particle state. According to standard quantum eld theory textbooks this is not so: time reversal does not turn particles into anti-particles. Feynman’s view is interesting because, in particular, it suggests a nonstandard, and possibly illuminating, interpretation of the CPT theorem. In this paper, we explore a Classical analog of Feynman’s view, in the context of the recent debate between David Albert and David Malament over time reversal in Classical Electromagnetism.
Timothy H. Boyer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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understanding the planck blackbody spectrum and landau diamagnetism within Classical Electromagnetism
European Journal of Physics, 2016Co-Authors: Timothy H. BoyerAbstract:Electromagnetism is a relativistic theory, and one must exercise care in coupling this theory with nonrelativistic Classical mechanics and with nonrelativistic Classical statistical mechanics. Indeed historically, both the blackbody radiation spectrum and diamagnetism within Classical theory have been misunderstood because of two crucial failures: (1) the neglect of Classical electromagnetic zero-point radiation, and (2) the use of erroneous combinations of nonrelativistic mechanics with relativistic electrodynamics. Here we review the treatment of Classical blackbody radiation, and show that the presence of Lorentz-invariant Classical electromagnetic zero-point radiation can explain both the Planck blackbody spectrum and Landau diamagnetism at thermal equilibrium within Classical electromagnetic theory. The analysis requires that relativistic Electromagnetism is joined appropriately with simple nonrelativistic mechanical systems which can be regarded as the zero-velocity limits of relativistic systems, and that nonrelativistic Classical statistical mechanics is applied only in the low-frequency limit when zero-point energy makes no contribution.
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understanding zero point energy in the context of Classical Electromagnetism
European Journal of Physics, 2016Co-Authors: Timothy H. BoyerAbstract:Today's textbooks of Electromagnetism give the particular solution to Maxwell's equations involving the integral over the charge and current sources at retarded times. However, the texts fail to emphasise that the choice of the incoming-wave boundary conditions corresponding to solutions of the homogeneous Maxwell equations must be made based upon experiment. Here we discuss the role of these incoming-wave boundary conditions for an experimenter with a hypothetical charged harmonic oscillator as his equipment. We describe the observations of the experimenter when located near a radio station or immersed in thermal radiation at temperature T. The Classical physicists at the end of the 19th century chose the incoming-wave boundary conditions for the homogeneous Maxwell equations based upon the experimental observations of Lummer and Pringsheim which measured only the thermal radiation which exceeded the random radiation surrounding their measuring equipment; the physicists concluded that they could take the homogeneous solutions to vanish at zero temperature. Today at the beginning of the 21st century, Classical physicists must choose the incoming-wave boundary conditions for the homogeneous Maxell equations to correspond to the full radiation spectrum revealed by the recent Casimir force measurements which detect all the radiation surrounding conducting parallel plates, including the radiation absorbed and emitted by the plates themselves. The random Classical radiation spectrum revealed by the Casimir force measurements includes electromagnetic zero-point radiation, which is missing from the spectrum measured by Lummer and Pringsheim, and which cannot be eliminated by going to zero temperature. This zero-point radiation will lead to zero-point energy for all systems which have electromagnetic interactions. Thus the choice of the incoming-wave boundary conditions on the homogeneous Maxwell equations is intimately related to the ideas of zero-point energy and non-radiating ground states which are introduced in classes of modern physics.
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understanding the planck blackbody spectrum and landau diamagnetism within Classical Electromagnetism
arXiv: Classical Physics, 2016Co-Authors: Timothy H. BoyerAbstract:Electromagnetism is a \textit{relativistic} theory and one must exercise care in coupling this theory with \textit{nonrelativistic} Classical mechanics and with \textit{nonrelativistic} Classical statistical mechanics. Indeed historically, both the blackbody radiation spectrum and diamagnetism within Classical theory have been misunderstood because of two crucial failures: 1)the neglect of Classical electromagnetic zero-point radiation, and 2) the use of erroneous combinations of nonrelativistic mechanics with relativistic electrodynamics. Here we review the treatment of Classical blackbody radiation, and show that use of Lorentz-invariant Classical electromagnetic zero-point radiation can be used to explain both the Planck blackbody spectrum and Landau diamagnetism at thermal equilibrium within Classical electromagnetic theory. The analysis requires that relativistic Electromagnetism is joined appropriately with simple nonrelativistic mechanical systems which can be regarded as the zero-velocity limits of relativistic systems, and that nonrelativistic Classical statistical mechanics is applied only in the low-frequency limit when zero-point energy makes no contribution.
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understanding zero point energy in the context of Classical Electromagnetism
arXiv: Classical Physics, 2015Co-Authors: Timothy H. BoyerAbstract:Today's textbooks of Electromagnetism give the particular solution to Maxwell's equations involving the integral over the charge and current sources at retarded times. However, the texts fail to emphasize the role played by the choice of the boundary conditions corresponding to solutions of the homogeneous Maxwell equations. Here we discuss the role of these boundary conditions for an experimenter with a hypothetical charged harmonic oscillator as his equipment. We describe the observations of the experimenter when located near a radio station or immersed in thermal radiation at temperature T. The Classical physicists at the end of the 19th century chose the homogeneous boundary conditions for Maxwell's equation based upon the experimental observations of Lummer and Pringsheim which measured only the thermal radiation which exceeded the random radiation surrounding their measuring equipment. Today at the beginning of the 21st century, Classical physicists must choose the homogeneous boundary conditions for Maxell's equations to correspond to the full radiation spectrum revealed by the recent Casimir force measurements which detect all the radiation surrounding conducting parallel plates, including the radiation absorbed and emitted by the plates themselves. The random Classical radiation spectrum revealed by the Casimir force measurements includes electromagnetic zero-point radiation, which is missing from the spectrum measured by Lummer and Pringsheim, and which cannot be eliminated by going to zero temperature. This zero-point radiation will lead to zero-point energy for all systems which have electromagnetic interactions. Thus the choice of the boundary conditions on the homogeneous Maxwell equations is intimately related to the ideas of zero-point energy and non-radiating ground states which are introduced in classes of modern physics.
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Classical Electromagnetism and the Aharonov–Bohm Phase Shift
Foundations of Physics, 2000Co-Authors: Timothy H. BoyerAbstract:Although there is good experimental evidence for the Aharonov–Bohm phase shift occurring when a solenoid is placed between the beams forming a double-slit electron interference pattern, there has been very little analysis of the relevant Classical electromagnetic forces. These forces between a point charge and a solenoid involve subtle relativistic effects of order v^ 2 /c^ 2 analogous to those discussed by Coleman and Van Vleck in their treatment of the Shockley–James paradox. In this article we show that a treatment exactly analogous to that given by Coleman and Van Vleck predicts Classical electromagnetic forces which provide the basis for the Aharonov–Bohm phase shift. The magnetic force on the solenoid due to the passing charge leads to a displacement of the solenoid center of energy which must be balanced by the displacement of the passing charge. This Classical displacement of the passing charge is exactly what is required to account for the Aharonov–Bohm phase shift. Also, we discuss a magnetic moment model which appears frequently in the literature and note that although the model provides conservation of linear momentum, it does not satisfy the general requirements for relativistic theories. We give an example suggesting that the new equation of motion for a magnetic moment proposed by Aharonov, Pearle, and Vaidman based upon the hidden momentum of the magnetic moment is completely inappropriate. Finally, we emphasize that the Aharonov–Casher phase shift is also explained by Classical electromagnetic forces exactly parallel to those explaining the Aharonov–Bohm phase shift.
Paul Mansfield - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Faraday’s lines of force as strings: from Gauss’ law to the arrow of time
Journal of High Energy Physics, 2012Co-Authors: Paul MansfieldAbstract:We reformulate Classical Electromagnetism as the statistical mechanics of lines of electric flux with dynamics described by the string action in four dimensions. The retarded solution to Maxwell’s equations emerges naturally as an average over a microcanonical ensemble of these lines of force at high temperature.
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faraday s lines of force as strings from gauss law to the arrow of time
Journal of High Energy Physics, 2012Co-Authors: Paul MansfieldAbstract:We reformulate Classical Electromagnetism as the statistical mechanics of lines of electric flux with dynamics described by the string action in four dimensions. The retarded solution to Maxwell’s equations emerges naturally as an average over a microcanonical ensemble of these lines of force at high temperature.