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Ralf Littke - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Coalification of dispersed organic matter in the dolomites italy implications for burial and thermal history
2012Co-Authors: Robert Tscherny, Sheila Nöth, Ralf Littke, Carsten Buker, Anna Kathrin UffmannAbstract:This study discusses the Coalification pattern and regional thermal maturity evolution of the Permo-Mesozoic sediments of the Dolomite Mountains along the TRANSALP-Traverse. The overall goal of the study is to derive a well-constrained reconstruction of the thermal evolution of the central Dolomites. As part of the non-metamorphosed Southalpine retrowedge (Southern Alps) of the Neoalpine orogen, the Dolomite Mountains are ideally suited to study and quantify the thermal evolution in a complex orogenic setting. To obtain thermal maturity data, a large set of outcrop samples has been collected and vitrinite reflectance has been determined. The measured vitrinite reflectance ranges along investigated profiles in the Alta Badia between 0.5 % VR r for Cretaceous and 0.9 % VR r for Permian strata allowing a high-resolution analysis of the lateral and vertical Coalification pattern and revealing a thermal maturity increasing with stratigraphic age within the Permo-Mesozoic strata. These observations imply a Coalification prior to the Dinaric (Paleogene)- and Neoalpine(Neogene) orogeny in the Southalpine realm. In order to explain the advanced maturation even in the younger strata, deposition of later eroded Cretaceous (and possibly even Tertiary) overburden is regarded the most probable explanation. As a consequence, deposition in the Dolomitic realm persisted longer than yet was assumed. Using numerical basin modelling techniques for two pseudo-wells allowed quantifying the amount of eroded Cretaceous overburden resulting in values between 1700 and 2400 m. In this model scenario, moderate to low palaeo-heat flows are assumed and maximum temperatures were reached during the Late Cretaceous/ Paleogene.
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Reconstruction of Late Paleozoic heat flows and burial histories at the Rhenohercynian-Subvariscan boundary, Germany
International Journal of Earth Sciences, 2001Co-Authors: Sheila Nöth, Harald Karg, Ralf LittkeAbstract:The thermal and burial history of the Herzkamp syncline, located in the transition zone between the Variscan Rhenish Massif and the Ruhr foreland basin (western Germany), was reconstructed using PDI/PC-1D-basin modelling software (IES). The models were calibrated with new vitrinite reflectance data measured on Palaeozoic outcrop samples. High sample density and quality of the calibration data allowed a 3D reconstruction of the heat flow as well as of burial and erosion history. Vitrinite reflectance values range from 0.8 to 4.9%R_r and generally increase with increasing stratigraphic age. The Coalification pattern confirms pre-tectonic maturation, especially in the western part of the study area. A "low-Coalification zone" showing stagnating/decreasing Coalification with increasing stratigraphic age exists, however, northeast of the Ennepe thrust, indicating synorogenic Coalification. This anomaly is explained by early thrusting in the northern Rhenish Massif resulting in restricted burial/early uplift and thus lower thermal maturity. One result of numerical modelling is that palaeo-heat flows during maximum burial (Westphalian or post-Westphalian) decreased southwards from approximately 65 to less than 50 mW/m^2. Maximum burial depths for the base and top of the Namurian also decrease southwards from 7000 to 3600 m and 4600 to 1800 m, respectively, resulting in southwards-decreasing Coalification of the respective stratigraphic horizon. Eroded overburden increases southwards (3100–5700 m), with the exception of the low-Coalification zone, which is characterised by lower amounts of eroded overburden (1300–2900 m) and an earlier onset of erosion, i.e. in the Westphalian B rather than Westphalian D or post-Westphalian.
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Coalification pattern and thermal modelling of the permo carboniferous saar basin sw germany
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2000Co-Authors: M Hertle, Ralf LittkeAbstract:Abstract Palaeo-heat flow values and thicknesses of eroded Permo-Carboniferous sediments in the Saar Basin were evaluated using one dimensional thermal modelling techniques. Thermal, burial and erosion histories for 16 wells were calibrated by comparing measured and calculated vitrinite reflectance using the kinetic EASY% R o algorithm and by comparing measured and calculated temperature data. On the basis of 37 wells, Coalification maps were constructed revealing a syn-kinematic Coalification pattern. Thermal maturity of the sediments can only be explained by deep burial and moderate heat flows during time of maximum burial, i.e., in the Permo-Carboniferous. Calculated heat flow data range between 50 and 75 mW/m 2 , which implies a crustal thickness between 30 and 40 km during the time of maximum burial. These values are in accordance with the geodynamic setting of the basin. The influence of the Permo-Carboniferous volcanism on the palaeo-temperature distribution was overwhelmed by the subsequent deep burial. During Permian times, between 1800 and 3000 m of Permo-Carboniferous sediments were eroded. Different sedimentation and erosion histories are characteristic for anticlines and synclines, respectively.
R A Stephenson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the donets basin ukraine russia Coalification and thermal history
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2002Co-Authors: R F Sachsenhofer, V A Privalov, M V Zhykalyak, C Bueker, E A Panova, Thomas Rainer, V A Shymanovskyy, R A StephensonAbstract:The Donets Basin (Donbas) is one of the major late Paleozoic coal basins in the world. The Donbas Foldbelt is an inverted part of the Donets Basin characterized by WNW–ESE-trending folds and faults. The age of basin inversion is under discussion. Large parts of the Donets Basin host anthracite and meta-anthracite. Low-rank coals are restricted to the western and northern basin margins. Vitrinite reflectance patterns along the Gorlovka Anticline indicate syn-deformational Coalification. Vitrinite reflectance isolines are displaced along thrusts, clear evidence that main Coalification predates late faulting. 1-D and 2-D numerical models were applied to elucidate the factors that control Coalification in the western Donets Basin (Krasnoarmeisk Monocline, Kalmius–Torets Depression, South Syncline). The models indicate that the depth of the seams and the heat flow during maximum (Permian) burial are the most important parameters. The thickness of late Carboniferous and Permian rocks increased from the southwestern basin margin towards the basin center. Permian erosion along the Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and in the Kalmius–Torets Depression was on the order of 2–3 km. More rocks were eroded southeast of the Donetsk–Kadievka Fault Zone (4–5 km). Heat flow during maximum burial was in the range of 40–75 mW/m2. Heat flow in the Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and the Kalmius–Torets Depression increased in a northeastward direction from 40 to 55 mW/m2. Heat flow at the eastern edge of the Kalmius–Torets Depression and in the South Syncline was in the range of 60–75 mW/m2 and increased towards the southeast. The resulting Coalification pattern in this area was overprinted by thermal events in the northern Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and the South Syncline. These are probably related to (Permian?) magmatic intrusions. Coked coal occurs at the contact to presumed Permian sills and dikes southwest of Donetsk.
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The Donets Basin (Ukraine/Russia): Coalification and thermal history.
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2002Co-Authors: R F Sachsenhofer, V A Privalov, M V Zhykalyak, C Bueker, E A Panova, Thomas Rainer, V A Shymanovskyy, R A StephensonAbstract:The Donets Basin (Donbas) is one of the major late Paleozoic coal basins in the world. The Donbas Foldbelt is an inverted part of the Donets Basin characterized by WNW–ESE-trending folds and faults. The age of basin inversion is under discussion. Large parts of the Donets Basin host anthracite and meta-anthracite. Low-rank coals are restricted to the western and northern basin margins. Vitrinite reflectance patterns along the Gorlovka Anticline indicate syn-deformational Coalification. Vitrinite reflectance isolines are displaced along thrusts, clear evidence that main Coalification predates late faulting. 1-D and 2-D numerical models were applied to elucidate the factors that control Coalification in the western Donets Basin (Krasnoarmeisk Monocline, Kalmius–Torets Depression, South Syncline). The models indicate that the depth of the seams and the heat flow during maximum (Permian) burial are the most important parameters. The thickness of late Carboniferous and Permian rocks increased from the southwestern basin margin towards the basin center. Permian erosion along the Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and in the Kalmius–Torets Depression was on the order of 2–3 km. More rocks were eroded southeast of the Donetsk–Kadievka Fault Zone (4–5 km). Heat flow during maximum burial was in the range of 40–75 mW/m2. Heat flow in the Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and the Kalmius–Torets Depression increased in a northeastward direction from 40 to 55 mW/m2. Heat flow at the eastern edge of the Kalmius–Torets Depression and in the South Syncline was in the range of 60–75 mW/m2 and increased towards the southeast. The resulting Coalification pattern in this area was overprinted by thermal events in the northern Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and the South Syncline. These are probably related to (Permian?) magmatic intrusions. Coked coal occurs at the contact to presumed Permian sills and dikes southwest of Donetsk.
Slawomir Kedzior - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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methane contents and coal rank variability in the upper silesian coal basin poland
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2015Co-Authors: Slawomir KedziorAbstract:Abstract The process of Coalification results in changes in both the chemical composition and physical properties of the coal. One of the most important stages in the development of bituminous coal is the so called “second Coalification jump” corresponding to medium-volatile coals characterized by a significant decrease of volatile matter from 33% to 20% and the release of methane, carbon dioxide and water. In the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (USCB), the highest values of methane content (> 12–14 m 3 /t coal daf) range from 35–22% (V daf ) and vitrinite reflectance (R r ) values from 0.84–1.50% range—in approximate accord with values defining the second Coalification jump (V daf —29%; R r —1.3%), i.e., coking coals. In the basin, the distribution of the top of high methane zone (4.5 m 3 /t coal daf) is similar to that of the coking coals. That is why increasing methane contents towards the southern- and western parts of the basin can be explained by the increasing proportion of coking coals there. However, on a basin scale, correlations between present methane contents and individual parameters of coal rank are weak due, most likely, to late gas migration due, in turn, to factors unrelated to earlier Coalification including, inter alia, tectonic disturbance and hydrodynamic processes.
Martin Sivek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lateral development of Coalification in the czech part of the upper silesian coal basin and its connection with gas deposits
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2009Co-Authors: Jana Kandarachevova, Lenka Sedlackova, Lada Hýlova, Jakub Jirasek, Martin SivekAbstract:Abstract The degree of Coalification is an essential parameter influencing the quality of coal reserves. Modelling of the development of this parameter in the Czech part of the Upper Silesian Coal Basin (Carboniferous, Mississippian to Pennsylvanian — Lower Namurian to Westphalian A) revealed the distribution of Coalification within the basin in all its stratal units. The grade of Coalification was found in principle to be similar but its intensity in general decreases upwards into the hanging wall. Because of different areal extents of individual stratal units the degree of Coalification is demonstrated on the oldest and areally most extensive unit — the Petřkovice Member. The studies and their results presented in this paper are based on more than 29,000 analyses of the dry and ash-free volatile matter ( V daf ) in coal samples from surface and underground boreholes drilled in the years 1946–2000. Three zones of enhanced Coalification were distinguished: the Ostrava–Přibor Zone, the Rožnov–Frenstat Zone and the Přibor–Těsin Zone. These zones were found to correlate fairly well with the occurrence of gas deposits confined to the weathered Carboniferous rock massif or its mantle. Consequently, the degree of Coalification does not only determine the quality of coal reserves but may also be used as an auxiliary tool in the search for gas deposits in coal basins.
R F Sachsenhofer - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the donets basin ukraine russia Coalification and thermal history
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2002Co-Authors: R F Sachsenhofer, V A Privalov, M V Zhykalyak, C Bueker, E A Panova, Thomas Rainer, V A Shymanovskyy, R A StephensonAbstract:The Donets Basin (Donbas) is one of the major late Paleozoic coal basins in the world. The Donbas Foldbelt is an inverted part of the Donets Basin characterized by WNW–ESE-trending folds and faults. The age of basin inversion is under discussion. Large parts of the Donets Basin host anthracite and meta-anthracite. Low-rank coals are restricted to the western and northern basin margins. Vitrinite reflectance patterns along the Gorlovka Anticline indicate syn-deformational Coalification. Vitrinite reflectance isolines are displaced along thrusts, clear evidence that main Coalification predates late faulting. 1-D and 2-D numerical models were applied to elucidate the factors that control Coalification in the western Donets Basin (Krasnoarmeisk Monocline, Kalmius–Torets Depression, South Syncline). The models indicate that the depth of the seams and the heat flow during maximum (Permian) burial are the most important parameters. The thickness of late Carboniferous and Permian rocks increased from the southwestern basin margin towards the basin center. Permian erosion along the Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and in the Kalmius–Torets Depression was on the order of 2–3 km. More rocks were eroded southeast of the Donetsk–Kadievka Fault Zone (4–5 km). Heat flow during maximum burial was in the range of 40–75 mW/m2. Heat flow in the Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and the Kalmius–Torets Depression increased in a northeastward direction from 40 to 55 mW/m2. Heat flow at the eastern edge of the Kalmius–Torets Depression and in the South Syncline was in the range of 60–75 mW/m2 and increased towards the southeast. The resulting Coalification pattern in this area was overprinted by thermal events in the northern Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and the South Syncline. These are probably related to (Permian?) magmatic intrusions. Coked coal occurs at the contact to presumed Permian sills and dikes southwest of Donetsk.
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The Donets Basin (Ukraine/Russia): Coalification and thermal history.
International Journal of Coal Geology, 2002Co-Authors: R F Sachsenhofer, V A Privalov, M V Zhykalyak, C Bueker, E A Panova, Thomas Rainer, V A Shymanovskyy, R A StephensonAbstract:The Donets Basin (Donbas) is one of the major late Paleozoic coal basins in the world. The Donbas Foldbelt is an inverted part of the Donets Basin characterized by WNW–ESE-trending folds and faults. The age of basin inversion is under discussion. Large parts of the Donets Basin host anthracite and meta-anthracite. Low-rank coals are restricted to the western and northern basin margins. Vitrinite reflectance patterns along the Gorlovka Anticline indicate syn-deformational Coalification. Vitrinite reflectance isolines are displaced along thrusts, clear evidence that main Coalification predates late faulting. 1-D and 2-D numerical models were applied to elucidate the factors that control Coalification in the western Donets Basin (Krasnoarmeisk Monocline, Kalmius–Torets Depression, South Syncline). The models indicate that the depth of the seams and the heat flow during maximum (Permian) burial are the most important parameters. The thickness of late Carboniferous and Permian rocks increased from the southwestern basin margin towards the basin center. Permian erosion along the Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and in the Kalmius–Torets Depression was on the order of 2–3 km. More rocks were eroded southeast of the Donetsk–Kadievka Fault Zone (4–5 km). Heat flow during maximum burial was in the range of 40–75 mW/m2. Heat flow in the Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and the Kalmius–Torets Depression increased in a northeastward direction from 40 to 55 mW/m2. Heat flow at the eastern edge of the Kalmius–Torets Depression and in the South Syncline was in the range of 60–75 mW/m2 and increased towards the southeast. The resulting Coalification pattern in this area was overprinted by thermal events in the northern Krasnoarmeisk Monocline and the South Syncline. These are probably related to (Permian?) magmatic intrusions. Coked coal occurs at the contact to presumed Permian sills and dikes southwest of Donetsk.