The Experts below are selected from a list of 63 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
John C. Macdonald - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The Australian REEFREP System: a Coastal Vessel Traffic Information Service and Ship Reporting System for the Torres Strait Region and the Inner Route of the Great Barrier Reef
Maritime Studies, 1996Co-Authors: John C. MacdonaldAbstract:AbstractThe new Australian ship reporting system, identifier ‘REEFREP’, will be the core component of a Vessel Traffic Information Service (VTIS) covering the Torres Strait region and the Great Barrier Reef. It is the first such system to be considered by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) under the terms of the new SOLAS 74 regulation V/8-1, which entered into force on 1 January 1996 and allows for ship reporting systems adopted by the Organization to be made mandatory for all, or certain categories of Vessels.The REEFREP system, planned for implementation on 1 January 1997, extends for some 900 nm or about 1500 km along the Queensland coastline. It will be a VHF radio based system with radars covering three selected focal points in the Torres Strait, off Cairns and in the southern approaches to the inner route. The system will provide a capability for a single Ship Reporting Centre to interact with shipping, enabling the provision of improved information on the presence, movements and pattern...
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The Australian REEFREP system : A Coastal Vessel Traffic Information Service and ship reporting system for the Torres Strait region and the inner route of the Great Barrier Reef
Journal of Navigation, 1996Co-Authors: John C. MacdonaldAbstract:The new Australian ship reporting system, identifier ‘REEFREP’, will be the core component of a Vessel Traffic Information Service (VTIS) covering the Torres Strait region and the Great Barrier Reef (GBR). It is the first such system to be considered by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) under the terms of the new SOLAS 74 regulation v/8-1, which entered into force on 1 January 1996 and allows for ship reporting systems adopted by the Organization to be made mandatory for all, or certain categories of Vessels. The REEFREP system, planned for implementation on 1 January 1997, extends for some 900 n.m. or about 1500 km along the Queensland coastline. It will be a VHF radio-based system with radars covering three selected focal points in the Torres Strait, off Cairns and in the southern approaches to the inner route. The system will provide a capability for a single Ship Reporting Centre to interact with shipping, enabling the provision of improved information on the presence, movements and patterns of shipping in the area and the ability to respond more quickly to an incident or pollution should this occur. An interesting feature and a major factor in the system design is the remoteness of most equipment sites and the limited infrastructure available to support communications and data transmission requiring the application of advanced technology and video transmission, solar power generation and software engineering skills of a high order.
Lindsay M Jenkins - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Geographic Information Systems for Estimating Coastal Maritime Risk
Transportation Research Record, 2011Co-Authors: James P. Dobbins, Lindsay M JenkinsAbstract:The U.S. Maritime Administration made a strong commitment to shortsea shipping in 2010 in America's Marine Highway Program. There are few statistics about Coastal Vessel traffic, however, and even less is known about casualty rates in those waters because of the absence of trip data and the relatively poor quality of casualty data. Geographic information systems (GIS) are unique tools that enable greater visualization and understanding of complex problems. A methodology was used to adapt a GIS-based highway planning traffic assignment model for use in maritime risk assessment. The planning model routed 12 years of Vessel entrance and clearance data through an international waterway network to estimate the number of trips traversing network links by any number of metrics, including year, ship type, flag of registry, and draft. The risk methodology deployed a 100-mi2 mesh (10 mi X 10 mi) over the entire United States and Coastal waters to estimate the highest casualty rate (casualties per million Vessel tri...
Patrick Kirchen - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization and Reduction of In-Use CH4 Emissions from a Dual Fuel Marine Engine Using Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy
2019Co-Authors: David E. Sommer, Miayan Yeremi, Jeff Son, Joel C. Corbin, Stéphanie Gagné, Prem Lobo, Wayne J. Miller, Patrick KirchenAbstract:In-use exhaust stream CH4 emissions from two dual fuel marine engines were characterized and strategies for CH4 reduction were identified and evaluated. For this, a low-cost, portable, wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) system was developed. The performance of the developed WMS sensor was assessed using gas standards and demonstrated on a heavy-duty, diesel pilot ignited, direct-injection natural gas research engine through comparison to a flame ionization detector. The WMS sensor was subsequently used to measure the exhaust-stream CH4 concentration from two diesel pilot-ignited, port-injected natural gas engines on a Coastal Vessel while under normal operation. Using cylinder deactivation to reduce the excess air ratio, λ, and Vessel operation changes to minimize operation at lower loads, the total CH4 emission were reduced by up to 33%. The measured, load specific CH4 emissions were subsequently used to identify an improved Vessel operation strategy, with an estimated 56–60% reduction in CH4 emissions. These results demonstrate the importance of considering the real-world engine operation profile for accurate estimates of the global warming potential, as well as the utility of a WMS sensor for characterizing and mitigating in-use CH4 emissions
Kirchen Patrick - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Characterization and reduction of in-use CH\u2084 emissions from a dual fuel marine engine using wavelength modulation spectroscopy
American Chemical Society (ACS), 2019Co-Authors: Sommer, David E., Yeremi Miayan, Son Jeff, Corbin, Joel C., Gagn\ue9 St\ue9phanie, Lobo Prem, Miller J. Wayne, Kirchen PatrickAbstract:In-use exhaust stream CH\u2084 emissions from two dual fuel marine engines were characterized and strategies for CH\u2084 reduction were identified and evaluated. For this, a low-cost, portable, wavelength modulation spectroscopy (WMS) system was developed. The performance of the developed WMS sensor was assessed using gas standards and demonstrated on a heavy-duty, diesel pilot ignited, direct-injection natural gas research engine through comparison to a flame ionization detector. The WMS sensor was subsequently used to measure the exhaust-stream CH\u2084 concentration from two diesel pilot-ignited, port-injected natural gas engines on a Coastal Vessel while under normal operation. Using cylinder deactivation to reduce the excess air ratio, \u3bb, and Vessel operation changes to minimize operation at lower loads, the total CH\u2084 emission were reduced by up to 33%. The measured, load specific CH\u2084 emissions were subsequently used to identify an improved Vessel operation strategy, with an estimated 56\u201360% reduction in CH\u2084 emissions. These results demonstrate the importance of considering the real-world engine operation profile for accurate estimates of the global warming potential, as well as the utility of a WMS sensor for characterizing and mitigating in-use CH\u2084 emissions.Peer reviewed: YesNRC publication: Ye
J. Pinto - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Stealth technology for wind turbines
IET Radar Sonar & Navigation, 2010Co-Authors: J. Pinto, J.c.g. Matthews, G.c. SarnoAbstract:Currently, a large proportion of proposed UK wind farms have either concerns raised at the pre-planning stage or formal objections made by radar operators on the basis of the potential for wind turbines to cause interference to radar systems. The current generation of on and off-shore three-bladed horizontal axis wind turbines have radar signatures consistent with their often very large physical size and hence considerable potential to reduce the ability of ground-based radars to detect targets in the vicinity of the farm. The impact of wind farms, particularly on ground-based aviation radars such as those operated for air defence and military and civil air traffic control purposes is likely to become particularly acute as European Union member governments strive to meet the requirements for energy generation under the Renewables Obligation. In addition, the increasing number of offshore wind farm projects proposed has the potential to cause interference to marine radars such as Coastal Vessel traffic services and those on-board Vessels for navigational purposes. This study considers the options available for the reduction of turbine radar signature and presents solutions for each of the main external turbine components. The radar signature reduction approaches are based on existing technologies developed for aerospace stealth applications. However, the realisation of these for the purposes of reducing wind turbine radar signatures is a novel development, particularly in the solutions proposed. The reduction of wind turbine-induced radar interference is a growing area of research.
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Radar signature reduction of wind turbines through the application of stealth technology
2009Co-Authors: J. Pinto, J.c.g. Matthews, C. SarnoAbstract:Currently, a large proportion of proposed UK wind farms, and an increasing fraction of continental European wind farm projects, have either concerns raised at the pre-planning stages or formal planning objections made by radar operators on the basis of the potential of wind turbines to cause radar interference. The impact of wind farms, particularly on ground based aviation radars such as those operated for air defence and military and civil air traffic control purposes is likely to become particularly acute as EU member governments strive to meet the requirements for energy generation under the Renewables Obligation. In addition, the increasing number of offshore wind farm projects proposed has the potential to cause interference to marine radars such as Coastal Vessel traffic services (VTS) and those on-board Vessels for navigational purposes. A number of technologies are being pursued to assist in mitigating the impact of wind turbines on both aviation and marine radars. These include additional post-processing of radar returns, the use of gap filler radars to improve coverage, physical obscuration to remove radar-wind farm line of sight, antenna tilting or modification to ensure that wind farms are not illuminated by elevation side lobes, and the lay-out of wind turbines within a farm to reduce coherent summation of returns for radars at fixed locations. The application of so called ‘stealth’ technology has the potential to reduce both aviation and marine radar interference and it is work in this area on which this paper reports.