The Experts below are selected from a list of 143643 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Bruce J Rounsaville - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
stress induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic pituitary adrenal responses are predictive of Cocaine relapse outcomes
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Rajita Sinha, Prashni Paliwal, Mary Jeanne Kreek, Miguel Angel Garcia, Bruce J RounsavilleAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of relapse. Stress and drug cue exposure are known to increase Cocaine craving and stress arousal, but the association between these responses and Cocaine relapse has not been previously studied. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether stress-induced and drug cue-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses evoked in the laboratory are associated with subsequent Cocaine relapse. DESIGN: Prospective study design assessing Cocaine relapse and drug use during a 90-day follow-up period after discharge from inpatient treatment and research. Data were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and multiple regression. SETTING: Inpatient treatment and research unit in a community mental health center. PATIENTS: Forty-nine treatment-seeking Cocaine-dependent individuals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Time to Cocaine relapse, number of days of Cocaine use, and amount of Cocaine used per occasion in the follow-up phase. RESULTS: Greater stress-induced, but not drug cue-induced, Cocaine craving was associated with a shorter time to Cocaine relapse. Stress-induced corticotropin and cortisol responses predicted higher amounts of Cocaine use per occasion in the 90-day follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses are each associated with specific Cocaine relapse outcomes. The findings support the use of stress-induced drug craving and associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to evaluate Cocaine relapse propensity. Furthermore, treatments that address stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses could be of benefit in improving relapse outcomes in Cocaine dependence.
-
Stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses are predictive of Cocaine relapse outcomes
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Rajita Sinha, Miguel Garcia, Prashni Paliwal, Mary Jeanne Kreek, Bruce J RounsavilleAbstract:Background: Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of relapse. Stress and drug cue exposure are known to increase Cocaine craving and stress arousal, but the association between these responses and Cocaine relapse has not been previously studied. Objective: To examine whether stress-induced and drug cue-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis responses evoked in the laboratory are associated with subsequent Cocaine relapse. Design: Prospective study design assessing Cocaine relapse and drug use during a 90-day follow-up period after discharge from inpatient treatment and research. Data were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and multiple regression. Setting: Inpatient treatment and research unit in a community mental health center. Patients: Forty-nine treatment-seeking Cocaine-dependent individuals. Main Outcome Measures: Time to Cocaine relapse, number of days of Cocaine use, and amount of Cocaine used per occasion in the follow-up phase. Results: Greater stress-induced, but not drug cue-induced, Cocaine craving was associated with a shorter time to Cocaine relapse. Stress-induced corticotropin and cortisol responses predicted higher amounts of Cocaine use per occasion in the 90-day follow-up. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses are each associated with specific Cocaine relapse outcomes. The findings support the use of stress-induced drug craving and associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to evaluate Cocaine relapse propensity. Furthermore, treatments that address stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses could be of benefit in improving relapse outcomes in Cocaine dependence. ©2006 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Rajita Sinha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
stress induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic pituitary adrenal responses are predictive of Cocaine relapse outcomes
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Rajita Sinha, Prashni Paliwal, Mary Jeanne Kreek, Miguel Angel Garcia, Bruce J RounsavilleAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of relapse. Stress and drug cue exposure are known to increase Cocaine craving and stress arousal, but the association between these responses and Cocaine relapse has not been previously studied. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether stress-induced and drug cue-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses evoked in the laboratory are associated with subsequent Cocaine relapse. DESIGN: Prospective study design assessing Cocaine relapse and drug use during a 90-day follow-up period after discharge from inpatient treatment and research. Data were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and multiple regression. SETTING: Inpatient treatment and research unit in a community mental health center. PATIENTS: Forty-nine treatment-seeking Cocaine-dependent individuals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Time to Cocaine relapse, number of days of Cocaine use, and amount of Cocaine used per occasion in the follow-up phase. RESULTS: Greater stress-induced, but not drug cue-induced, Cocaine craving was associated with a shorter time to Cocaine relapse. Stress-induced corticotropin and cortisol responses predicted higher amounts of Cocaine use per occasion in the 90-day follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses are each associated with specific Cocaine relapse outcomes. The findings support the use of stress-induced drug craving and associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to evaluate Cocaine relapse propensity. Furthermore, treatments that address stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses could be of benefit in improving relapse outcomes in Cocaine dependence.
-
Stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses are predictive of Cocaine relapse outcomes
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Rajita Sinha, Miguel Garcia, Prashni Paliwal, Mary Jeanne Kreek, Bruce J RounsavilleAbstract:Background: Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of relapse. Stress and drug cue exposure are known to increase Cocaine craving and stress arousal, but the association between these responses and Cocaine relapse has not been previously studied. Objective: To examine whether stress-induced and drug cue-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis responses evoked in the laboratory are associated with subsequent Cocaine relapse. Design: Prospective study design assessing Cocaine relapse and drug use during a 90-day follow-up period after discharge from inpatient treatment and research. Data were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and multiple regression. Setting: Inpatient treatment and research unit in a community mental health center. Patients: Forty-nine treatment-seeking Cocaine-dependent individuals. Main Outcome Measures: Time to Cocaine relapse, number of days of Cocaine use, and amount of Cocaine used per occasion in the follow-up phase. Results: Greater stress-induced, but not drug cue-induced, Cocaine craving was associated with a shorter time to Cocaine relapse. Stress-induced corticotropin and cortisol responses predicted higher amounts of Cocaine use per occasion in the 90-day follow-up. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses are each associated with specific Cocaine relapse outcomes. The findings support the use of stress-induced drug craving and associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to evaluate Cocaine relapse propensity. Furthermore, treatments that address stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses could be of benefit in improving relapse outcomes in Cocaine dependence. ©2006 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Michael A. Nader - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
The influence of reinforcing effects of Cocaine on Cocaine-induced increases in extinguished responding in cynomolgus monkeys
Psychopharmacology, 2007Co-Authors: Matthew L. Banks, Paul W. Czoty, Michael A. NaderAbstract:Rationale Although reinstatement of extinguished Cocaine self-administration is widely used as an animal model of relapse, it is unclear which behavioral effects of the drug stimulus (i.e., unconditioned, discriminative or reinforcing) mediate the increases in responding after extinction. Objective To examine the influence of experience with Cocaine as a reinforcer on the ability of response-independent Cocaine injections to increase extinguished responding. Materials and methods Effects of noncontingent injections of Cocaine (0.01–1.0 mg/kg, i.v.) were assessed in two groups of cynomolgus monkeys, those with extensive histories of Cocaine self-administration when responding was maintained under a concurrent fixed ratio (FR) 50 schedule of saline and food presentation ( n = 8) and Cocaine-naive monkeys ( n = 5) responding under an FR 50 schedule of food presentation. In the latter group, the effects of noncontingent Cocaine and food (one or five pellets) were examined before and after a brief history of Cocaine (0.03 mg/kg/inj) self-administration under an FR 50 schedule. Results In the Cocaine-experienced subjects responding under a concurrent schedule of saline and food availability, noncontingent Cocaine dose-dependently increased injection-lever responding. In the initially Cocaine-naive subjects, no dose of Cocaine increased extinguished food-maintained responding before or after a brief exposure to Cocaine self-administration. In contrast, noncontingent delivery of five food pellets significantly increased extinguished food-maintained responding after Cocaine self-administration. Conclusions These results support the view that, under self-administration conditions, the discriminative stimulus effects of Cocaine play a prominent role in the ability of Cocaine to increase extinguished responding.
-
Effects of the dopamine reuptake inhibitor PTT on reinstatement and on food- and Cocaine-maintained responding in rhesus monkeys
Psychopharmacology, 2004Co-Authors: Joshua A Lile, Drake Morgan, Anne M. Birmingham, Huw M. L. Davies, Michael A. NaderAbstract:Rationale High-affinity, slow-onset, long-acting dopamine transporter (DAT) inhibitors are being considered as potential agonist replacement therapies for Cocaine addiction, and therefore the ability of these drugs to reinstate Cocaine seeking and to selectively decrease Cocaine-maintained responding should be assessed. Objectives The purpose of these experiments was to evaluate the effects of the active enantiomer of a high-affinity, slow-onset, long-acting DAT inhibitor, (−)2β-propanoyl-3β-(4-tolyl)-tropane (PTT), and Cocaine on food- and Cocaine-maintained responding and on extinguished responding previously maintained by Cocaine in non-human primates using a within-subjects design. Methods Rhesus monkeys ( n =3) responded under a multiple fixed-ratio schedule of food (1 g) and drug reinforcement, and Cocaine dose-response curves (saline, 0.003–0.3 mg/kg per injection) were determined. The effects of pretreatment with (−)PTT (0.001–0.056 mg/kg, IV) and Cocaine (0.03–0.3 mg/kg, IV) were determined when the dose of Cocaine that maintained peak response rates (0.03 mg/kg per injection) or saline was available. Results (−)PTT and Cocaine reduced Cocaine intake; (−)PTT affected Cocaine self-administration only at doses that also decreased food-maintained responding. (−)PTT and Cocaine reinstated responding that was previously reinforced by Cocaine at lower doses than were necessary to decrease Cocaine-maintained responding. For all studies, PTT was at least 1.0 log-unit more potent than Cocaine. Compared to Cocaine, PTT had a longer duration of action in all behavioral measures. Conclusions These results suggest that PTT would decrease Cocaine use, but only at doses that disrupted other behaviors. It appears that the potency of this class of drugs to reinstate Cocaine-seeking is substantially greater than their potency at decreasing Cocaine self-administration.
Mary Jeanne Kreek - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
stress induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic pituitary adrenal responses are predictive of Cocaine relapse outcomes
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Rajita Sinha, Prashni Paliwal, Mary Jeanne Kreek, Miguel Angel Garcia, Bruce J RounsavilleAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of relapse. Stress and drug cue exposure are known to increase Cocaine craving and stress arousal, but the association between these responses and Cocaine relapse has not been previously studied. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether stress-induced and drug cue-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses evoked in the laboratory are associated with subsequent Cocaine relapse. DESIGN: Prospective study design assessing Cocaine relapse and drug use during a 90-day follow-up period after discharge from inpatient treatment and research. Data were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and multiple regression. SETTING: Inpatient treatment and research unit in a community mental health center. PATIENTS: Forty-nine treatment-seeking Cocaine-dependent individuals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Time to Cocaine relapse, number of days of Cocaine use, and amount of Cocaine used per occasion in the follow-up phase. RESULTS: Greater stress-induced, but not drug cue-induced, Cocaine craving was associated with a shorter time to Cocaine relapse. Stress-induced corticotropin and cortisol responses predicted higher amounts of Cocaine use per occasion in the 90-day follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses are each associated with specific Cocaine relapse outcomes. The findings support the use of stress-induced drug craving and associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to evaluate Cocaine relapse propensity. Furthermore, treatments that address stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses could be of benefit in improving relapse outcomes in Cocaine dependence.
-
Stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses are predictive of Cocaine relapse outcomes
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Rajita Sinha, Miguel Garcia, Prashni Paliwal, Mary Jeanne Kreek, Bruce J RounsavilleAbstract:Background: Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of relapse. Stress and drug cue exposure are known to increase Cocaine craving and stress arousal, but the association between these responses and Cocaine relapse has not been previously studied. Objective: To examine whether stress-induced and drug cue-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis responses evoked in the laboratory are associated with subsequent Cocaine relapse. Design: Prospective study design assessing Cocaine relapse and drug use during a 90-day follow-up period after discharge from inpatient treatment and research. Data were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and multiple regression. Setting: Inpatient treatment and research unit in a community mental health center. Patients: Forty-nine treatment-seeking Cocaine-dependent individuals. Main Outcome Measures: Time to Cocaine relapse, number of days of Cocaine use, and amount of Cocaine used per occasion in the follow-up phase. Results: Greater stress-induced, but not drug cue-induced, Cocaine craving was associated with a shorter time to Cocaine relapse. Stress-induced corticotropin and cortisol responses predicted higher amounts of Cocaine use per occasion in the 90-day follow-up. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses are each associated with specific Cocaine relapse outcomes. The findings support the use of stress-induced drug craving and associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to evaluate Cocaine relapse propensity. Furthermore, treatments that address stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses could be of benefit in improving relapse outcomes in Cocaine dependence. ©2006 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
Prashni Paliwal - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
stress induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic pituitary adrenal responses are predictive of Cocaine relapse outcomes
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Rajita Sinha, Prashni Paliwal, Mary Jeanne Kreek, Miguel Angel Garcia, Bruce J RounsavilleAbstract:BACKGROUND: Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of relapse. Stress and drug cue exposure are known to increase Cocaine craving and stress arousal, but the association between these responses and Cocaine relapse has not been previously studied. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether stress-induced and drug cue-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses evoked in the laboratory are associated with subsequent Cocaine relapse. DESIGN: Prospective study design assessing Cocaine relapse and drug use during a 90-day follow-up period after discharge from inpatient treatment and research. Data were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and multiple regression. SETTING: Inpatient treatment and research unit in a community mental health center. PATIENTS: Forty-nine treatment-seeking Cocaine-dependent individuals. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Time to Cocaine relapse, number of days of Cocaine use, and amount of Cocaine used per occasion in the follow-up phase. RESULTS: Greater stress-induced, but not drug cue-induced, Cocaine craving was associated with a shorter time to Cocaine relapse. Stress-induced corticotropin and cortisol responses predicted higher amounts of Cocaine use per occasion in the 90-day follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses are each associated with specific Cocaine relapse outcomes. The findings support the use of stress-induced drug craving and associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to evaluate Cocaine relapse propensity. Furthermore, treatments that address stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses could be of benefit in improving relapse outcomes in Cocaine dependence.
-
Stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses are predictive of Cocaine relapse outcomes
Archives of General Psychiatry, 2006Co-Authors: Rajita Sinha, Miguel Garcia, Prashni Paliwal, Mary Jeanne Kreek, Bruce J RounsavilleAbstract:Background: Cocaine dependence is associated with high rates of relapse. Stress and drug cue exposure are known to increase Cocaine craving and stress arousal, but the association between these responses and Cocaine relapse has not been previously studied. Objective: To examine whether stress-induced and drug cue-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitaryadrenal axis responses evoked in the laboratory are associated with subsequent Cocaine relapse. Design: Prospective study design assessing Cocaine relapse and drug use during a 90-day follow-up period after discharge from inpatient treatment and research. Data were analyzed by Cox proportional hazards regression and multiple regression. Setting: Inpatient treatment and research unit in a community mental health center. Patients: Forty-nine treatment-seeking Cocaine-dependent individuals. Main Outcome Measures: Time to Cocaine relapse, number of days of Cocaine use, and amount of Cocaine used per occasion in the follow-up phase. Results: Greater stress-induced, but not drug cue-induced, Cocaine craving was associated with a shorter time to Cocaine relapse. Stress-induced corticotropin and cortisol responses predicted higher amounts of Cocaine use per occasion in the 90-day follow-up. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that stress-related increases in Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses are each associated with specific Cocaine relapse outcomes. The findings support the use of stress-induced drug craving and associated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis responses to evaluate Cocaine relapse propensity. Furthermore, treatments that address stress-induced Cocaine craving and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal responses could be of benefit in improving relapse outcomes in Cocaine dependence. ©2006 American Medical Association. All rights reserved.
