The Experts below are selected from a list of 36342 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Vikram K Iyengar - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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big wigs and small wigs time sex size and shelter affect Cohabitation in the maritime earwig anisolabis maritima
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Nicole L Hack, Vikram K IyengarAbstract:Animal aggregations can occur for a variety of abiotic factors, such as resource limitation, or biotic factors, including group foraging and protection from predators. In our study, we examined whether time, sex, body size or shelter availability affected aggregation behavior of the maritime earwig, Anisolabis maritima (Order Dermaptera), an insect found globally at high densities under driftwood. Specifically, we monitored the distribution of two individuals in arenas with either two shelters (no habitat limitation) or one shelter (habitat limitation) to determine their propensity for Cohabitation at times of peak activity and times of quiescence. Females, whose high levels of aggression are often associated with maternal care, were particularly averse to Cohabitation, whereas males were generally more tolerant of other earwigs. Females initially preferred not to cohabitate when placed with a male, but were more tolerant of Cohabitation later, regardless of the number of shelters. Same-sex pairs, on the other hand, were less likely to cohabitate with only one shelter present, but males were again more tolerant of conspecifics than females regardless of habitat limitation. When competition for one shelter did not lead to Cohabitation, the lone occupant was more likely to be the larger individual in same-sex trials and females in mixed-sex trials. Understanding the tolerance for close proximity under these varying conditions may provide insight into aggregative behavior and spatial distribution patterns in the maritime earwig.
Nicole L Hack - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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big wigs and small wigs time sex size and shelter affect Cohabitation in the maritime earwig anisolabis maritima
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Nicole L Hack, Vikram K IyengarAbstract:Animal aggregations can occur for a variety of abiotic factors, such as resource limitation, or biotic factors, including group foraging and protection from predators. In our study, we examined whether time, sex, body size or shelter availability affected aggregation behavior of the maritime earwig, Anisolabis maritima (Order Dermaptera), an insect found globally at high densities under driftwood. Specifically, we monitored the distribution of two individuals in arenas with either two shelters (no habitat limitation) or one shelter (habitat limitation) to determine their propensity for Cohabitation at times of peak activity and times of quiescence. Females, whose high levels of aggression are often associated with maternal care, were particularly averse to Cohabitation, whereas males were generally more tolerant of other earwigs. Females initially preferred not to cohabitate when placed with a male, but were more tolerant of Cohabitation later, regardless of the number of shelters. Same-sex pairs, on the other hand, were less likely to cohabitate with only one shelter present, but males were again more tolerant of conspecifics than females regardless of habitat limitation. When competition for one shelter did not lead to Cohabitation, the lone occupant was more likely to be the larger individual in same-sex trials and females in mixed-sex trials. Understanding the tolerance for close proximity under these varying conditions may provide insight into aggregative behavior and spatial distribution patterns in the maritime earwig.
Ralph Hertwig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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how Cohabitation marriage separation and divorce influence bmi a prospective panel study
Health Psychology, 2018Co-Authors: Jutta Mata, David Richter, Thorsten Schneider, Ralph HertwigAbstract:Objective This study examines how changes in Cohabitation or marital status affect Body Mass Index (BMI) over time in a large representative sample. Method Participants were 20,950 individuals (50% female; 19 to 100 years), representative of the German population, who provided 81,926 observations over 16 years. Face-to-face interviews were used to obtain demographic data, including Cohabitation and marital status, height, body weight, and weight-relevant behaviors (exercise, healthy eating, and smoking). Control variables included age, notable changes in status (life events such as having children or change in employment status), perceived stress, and subjective health. Results Cohabitation led to significant weight gain in men and women-after four years or longer, about twice the gain associated with marriage (controlling for weight-related behaviors, age, children, employment, stress, and health). BMI after separation was largely comparable to BMI before starting Cohabitation; women lost some weight in the first year, men gained some weight after four or more years of separation. Divorce generally predicted weight gain. Changes in exercise, healthy eating, and smoking did not attenuate the effect of changes in relationship status on BMI. Conclusions This is among the first longitudinal studies to directly compare the effects of key changes in relationship status on BMI. The findings extend and qualify previous results by showing that the benefits of marriage or Cohabitation do not necessarily include a healthier BMI. They also suggest that relationship transitions-particularly moving in with a partner and divorce-may be important time windows for weight gain prevention. (PsycINFO Database Record
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how Cohabitation marriage separation and divorce influence bmi a prospective panel study
2018Co-Authors: Jutta Mata, David Richter, Thorsten Schneider, Ralph HertwigAbstract:Objective: This study examines how changes in Cohabitation or marital status affect Body Mass Index (BMI) over time in a large representative sample. Methods: Participants were 20,950 individuals (50% female; 19 to 100 years), representative of the German population, who provided 81,926 observations over 16 years. Face-to-face interviews were used to obtain demographic data, including Cohabitation and marital status, height, body weight, and weight-relevant behaviors (exercise, healthy eating, and smoking). Control variables included age, notable changes in status (life events such as having children or change in employment status), perceived stress, and subjective health. Results: Cohabitation led to significant weight gain in men and women—after four years or longer, about twice the gain associated with marriage (controlling for weight-related behaviors, age, children, employment, stress, and health). BMI after separation was largely comparable to BMI before starting Cohabitation; women lost some weight in the first year, men gained some weight after four or more years of separation. Divorce generally predicted weight gain. Changes in exercise, healthy eating, and smoking did not attenuate the effect of changes in relationship status on BMI. Conclusions: This is one of the first longitudinal studies to directly compare the effects of key changes in relationship status on BMI. The findings extend and qualify previous results by showing that the benefits of marriage or Cohabitation do not necessarily include a healthier BMI. They also suggest that relationship transitions—particularly moving in with a partner and divorce—may be important time windows for weight gain prevention.
Arland Thornton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the influence of school enrollment and accumulation on Cohabitation and marriage in early adulthood
American Sociological Review, 1995Co-Authors: Arland Thornton, William G. Axinn, Jay D TeachmanAbstract:We explore the influence of education on Cohabitation and marriage formulating a theoretical framework that identifies ways in which the multiple dimensions of education influence both Cohabitation and marriage. Our theoretical framework links education and union formation through the incompatibility of educational and marital and cohabiting roles the opportunity costs of truncating education and the accumulation of skills knowledge and credentials gained from school attendance. Using this theoretical framework we formulate hypotheses about the influence of school enrollment and accumulation on marriage and Cohabitation....We evaluate our hypotheses using event-history data from a panel study of young [U.S.] adults. Results indicate that school enrollment decreases the rate of union formation and has greater effects on marriage than on Cohabitation. School accumulation increases marriage rates and decreases Cohabitation--a pattern suggesting that less educated individuals tend to substitute Cohabitation for marriage while those with greater school accumulation are more likely to marry. (EXCERPT)
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The relationship between Cohabitation and divorce: Selectivity or causal influence?
Demography, 1992Co-Authors: William G. Axinn, Arland ThorntonAbstract:Recent evidence linking premarital Cohabitation to high rates of divorce poses a complex theoretical and empirical puzzle. We develop hypotheses predicting that premarital Cohabitation is selective of those who are prone to divorce as well as hypotheses predicting that the experience of premarital Cohabitation produces attitudes and values which increase the probability of divorce. Using multiwave panel data from a recent cohort of young men and women in the United States, we specify and test models of these predictions. The results are consistent with hypotheses suggesting that Cohabitation is selective of men and women who are less committed to marriage and more approving of divorce. The results also are consistent with the conclusion that cohabiting experiences significantly increase young people’s acceptance of divorce.
William D Mosher - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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marriage and Cohabitation in the united states a statistical portrait based on cycle 6 2002 of the national survey of family growth
Vital and health statistics. Series 23 Data from the National Survey of Family Growth, 2010Co-Authors: Paula Y Goodwin, William D Mosher, Anjani ChandraAbstract:Objective This report provides an overview of marital and cohabiting relationships in the United States among men and women aged 15-44 in 2002, by a variety of characteristics. National estimates are provided that highlight formal and informal marital status, previous experience with marriage and Cohabitation, the sequencing of marriage and Cohabitation, and the stability of Cohabitations and marriages. Methods The analyses presented in this report are based on a nationally representative sample of 12,571 men and women aged 15-44 living in households in the United States in 2002, based on the National Survey of Family Growth, Cycle 6. Results Over 40% of men and women aged 15-44 were currently married at the date of interview, compared with about 9% who were currently cohabiting. Men and women were, however, likely to cohabit prior to becoming married. Marriages were longer lasting than cohabiting unions; about 78% of marriages lasted 5 years or more, compared with less than 30% of Cohabitations. Cohabitations were shorter-lived than marriages in part because about half of Cohabitations transitioned to marriage within 3 years. Variations--often large variations-in marital and cohabiting relationships and durations were found by race and Hispanic origin, education, family background, and other factors.
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Cohabitation marriage divorce and remarriage in the united states
Vital and health statistics. Series 23 Data from the National Survey of Family Growth, 2002Co-Authors: William D MosherAbstract:OBJECTIVES: This report presents national estimates of the probabilities of marital and Cohabitation outcomes for women 15-44 years of age in 1995, by a wide variety of individual- and community-level characteristics. The life-table analysis in this report takes a life cycle approach to estimate the probabilities that: a woman will marry for the first time, an intact first Cohabitation will make the transition to marriage, a first Cohabitation will end in separation, a first marriage will end in separation or divorce, a disrupted first marriage will be followed by a new Cohabitation, a separation from first marriage will result in divorce, a divorce from first marriage will be followed by remarriage, and a second marriage will end in separation or divorce. METHODS: The life-table estimates presented here are based on a nationally representative sample of women 15-44 years of age in the United States in 1995 from the National Survey of Family Growth, Cycle 5. RESULTS: The analyses show that various individual and community-level characteristics are related to the marital and Cohabitational outcomes examined in this report. The results consistently demonstrate that the Cohabitations and marriages of non-Hispanic black women are less stable than those of non-Hispanic white women. An analysis of trends over time suggests that differences by race/ethnicity are becoming more pronounced in recent years. Racial differences observed are associated with individual characteristics and with the characteristics of the communities in which the women live.
