The Experts below are selected from a list of 3180 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

S. A. Werner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • precision Neutron interferometric measurements of the n p n d and n 3he zero energy Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes
    Physica B-condensed Matter, 2006
    Co-Authors: T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, K Schoen, Muhammad Arif, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    Abstract We have performed high-precision measurements of the zero-energy Neutron Scattering amplitudes of gas phase molecular hydrogen, deuterium, and 3He using Neutron interferometry. We find b np = ( - 3.7384 ± 0.0020 ) fm [K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], b nd = ( 6.6649 ± 0.0040 ) fm [T.C. Black, P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, W.M. Snow, K. Schoen, M. Arif, H. Kaiser, S.K. Lamoreaux, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (2003) 192502, K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], and b n 3 He = ( 5.8572 ± 0.0072 ) fm [P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, K. Schoen, M. Arif, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 014004]. When combined with the previous world data, properly corrected for small multiple Scattering, radiative corrections, and local field effects from the theory of Neutron optics and combined by the prescriptions of the particle data group, the zero-energy Scattering amplitudes are: b np = ( - 3.7389 ± 0.0010 ) fm , b nd = ( 6.6683 ± 0.0030 ) fm , and b n 3 He = ( 5.853 ± .007 ) fm . The precision of these measurements is now high enough to severely constrain NN few-body models. The n–d and n–3He Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes are both now in disagreement with the best current theories. The new values can be used as input for precision calculations of few body processes. This precision data is sensitive to small effects such as nuclear three-body forces, charge-symmetry breaking in the strong interaction, and residual electromagnetic effects not yet fully included in current models.

  • Precision Neutron interferometric measurements of the n–p, n–d, and n–3He zero-energy Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes
    Physica B-condensed Matter, 2006
    Co-Authors: P.r. Huffman, T. C. Black, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, K Schoen, Muhammad Arif, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    Abstract We have performed high-precision measurements of the zero-energy Neutron Scattering amplitudes of gas phase molecular hydrogen, deuterium, and 3He using Neutron interferometry. We find b np = ( - 3.7384 ± 0.0020 ) fm [K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], b nd = ( 6.6649 ± 0.0040 ) fm [T.C. Black, P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, W.M. Snow, K. Schoen, M. Arif, H. Kaiser, S.K. Lamoreaux, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (2003) 192502, K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], and b n 3 He = ( 5.8572 ± 0.0072 ) fm [P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, K. Schoen, M. Arif, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 014004]. When combined with the previous world data, properly corrected for small multiple Scattering, radiative corrections, and local field effects from the theory of Neutron optics and combined by the prescriptions of the particle data group, the zero-energy Scattering amplitudes are: b np = ( - 3.7389 ± 0.0010 ) fm , b nd = ( 6.6683 ± 0.0030 ) fm , and b n 3 He = ( 5.853 ± .007 ) fm . The precision of these measurements is now high enough to severely constrain NN few-body models. The n–d and n–3He Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes are both now in disagreement with the best current theories. The new values can be used as input for precision calculations of few body processes. This precision data is sensitive to small effects such as nuclear three-body forces, charge-symmetry breaking in the strong interaction, and residual electromagnetic effects not yet fully included in current models.

  • Precision Neutron Interferometric Measurement of the Nd Coherent Neutron Scattering Length and Consequences for Models of Three-Nucleon Forces
    Physical review letters, 2003
    Co-Authors: T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, K Schoen, Muhammad Arif, Helmut Kaiser, Steve K. Lamoreaux, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    We have performed the first high precision measurement of the Coherent Neutron Scattering length of deuterium in a pure sample using Neutron interferometry. We find b(nd)=(6.665+/-0.004) fm in agreement with the world average of previous measurements using different techniques, b(nd)=(6.6730+/-0.0045) fm. We compare the new world average for the nd Coherent Scattering length b(nd)=(6.669+/-0.003) fm to calculations of the doublet and quartet Scattering lengths from several modern nucleon-nucleon potential models with three-nucleon force (3NF) additions and show that almost all theories are in serious disagreement with experiment. This comparison is a more stringent test of the models than past comparisons with the less precisely determined doublet Scattering length of (2)a(nd)=(0.65+/-0.04) fm.

  • Precision Neutron interferometric measurements and updated evaluations of the n − p and n − d Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths
    Physical Review C, 2003
    Co-Authors: K Schoen, T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, Muhammad Arif, Helmut Kaiser, Steve K. Lamoreaux, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    We have performed high-precision measurements of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of gas phase molecular hydrogen and deuterium using Neutron interferometry. After correcting for molecular binding and multiple Scattering from the molecule, we find ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7384\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0020)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6649\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0040)\mathrm{fm}.$ Our results are in agreement with the world average of previous measurements, ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7410\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0010)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6727\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0045)\mathrm{fm}.$ The new world averages for the $n\ensuremath{-}p$ and $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Coherent Scattering lengths, including our new results, are ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7405\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0009)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6683\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0030)\mathrm{fm}.$ We compare ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the calculations of the doublet and quartet Scattering lengths of several nucleon-nucleon potential models and show that almost all known calculations are in disagreement with the precisely measured linear combination corresponding to the Coherent Scattering length. Combining the world data on ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the modern high-precision theoretical calculations of the quartet $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Scattering lengths recently summarized by Friar et al., we deduce a new value for the doublet Scattering length of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.645\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.003(\mathrm{expt})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007(\mathrm{theory})]\mathrm{fm}.$ This value is a factor of 4, more precise than the previously accepted value of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04(\mathrm{expt})]\mathrm{fm}.$ The current state of knowledge of Scattering lengths in the related $p\ensuremath{-}d$ system, ideas for improving by a factor of 5 the accuracy of the ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ measurements using Neutron interferometry, and possibilities for further improvement of our knowledge of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of ${}^{3}\mathrm{H},$ ${}^{3}\mathrm{He},$ and ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ are discussed.

  • precision Neutron interferometric measurements and updated evaluations of the n p and n d Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths
    Physical Review C, 2003
    Co-Authors: K Schoen, H. Kaiser, T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, Muhammad Arif, Steve K. Lamoreaux, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    We have performed high-precision measurements of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of gas phase molecular hydrogen and deuterium using Neutron interferometry. After correcting for molecular binding and multiple Scattering from the molecule, we find ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7384\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0020)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6649\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0040)\mathrm{fm}.$ Our results are in agreement with the world average of previous measurements, ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7410\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0010)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6727\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0045)\mathrm{fm}.$ The new world averages for the $n\ensuremath{-}p$ and $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Coherent Scattering lengths, including our new results, are ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7405\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0009)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6683\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0030)\mathrm{fm}.$ We compare ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the calculations of the doublet and quartet Scattering lengths of several nucleon-nucleon potential models and show that almost all known calculations are in disagreement with the precisely measured linear combination corresponding to the Coherent Scattering length. Combining the world data on ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the modern high-precision theoretical calculations of the quartet $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Scattering lengths recently summarized by Friar et al., we deduce a new value for the doublet Scattering length of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.645\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.003(\mathrm{expt})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007(\mathrm{theory})]\mathrm{fm}.$ This value is a factor of 4, more precise than the previously accepted value of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04(\mathrm{expt})]\mathrm{fm}.$ The current state of knowledge of Scattering lengths in the related $p\ensuremath{-}d$ system, ideas for improving by a factor of 5 the accuracy of the ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ measurements using Neutron interferometry, and possibilities for further improvement of our knowledge of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of ${}^{3}\mathrm{H},$ ${}^{3}\mathrm{He},$ and ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ are discussed.

L. Seenappa - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Radiation shielding properties of silicon polymers
    Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2020
    Co-Authors: N. Nagaraja, H.c. Manjunatha, L. Seenappa, K.n. Sridhar, H.b. Ramalingam
    Abstract:

    Abstract We have studied the X-ray and gamma radiation shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient, linear attenuation coefficient, Half Value Layer (HVL), Tenth Value Layer (TVL), effective atomic number, electron density and specific gamma ray constant in some silicon polymers of different composition such as Polymer A- Poly dimethyl siloxane (C2H6OSi), Polymer B- Polymethyl Hydro silaxane (CH4SiO), Polymer C- Per hydro poly silaxane (H3SiN), Polymer D-poly dimethyl silaxane (C2H6Si), Polymer E− Methylsilses quioxane (C12H32O8Si8), and Polymer F- Silalkalyene polymer (SiC3H8). We have also measured the mass attenuation coefficient at gamma energies 84 keV to 1.3 MeV. We have also studied the Neutron shielding properties such as Coherent Neutron Scattering length, inCoherent Neutron Scattering lengths, Coherent Neutron Scattering cross section, inCoherent Neutron Scattering cross sections, total Neutron Scattering cross section and Neutron absorption cross sections in the silicon polymers. We have compared the shielding properties among the studied different silicon polymers. From the detail study, it is clear that the silicon polymer per hydro poly silaxane is good absorber for X-ray, gamma radiation and Neutron. Hence, we suggest that the perhydropoly silaxane is good shielding material for X-ray, gamma and Neutrons.

  • Selection of shielding materials for gamma/X-ray and Neutron radiations among the commonly used polymers
    International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology, 2019
    Co-Authors: N. Nagaraja, H.c. Manjunatha, L. Seenappa, K.n. Sridhar, H.b. Ramalingam
    Abstract:

    We have studied the X-ray and gamma shielding parameters like mass attenuation coefficient, mean free path, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic numbers, electron density, exposure buildup factors, and specific gamma ray constant in commonly used polymers such as polysterene, polypropylene, polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polychlorotetrafluroethylene (PCTFE). We have also measured X-ray and gamma shielding parameters at different energies such as 170Tm (0.084 MeV), 137Cs (0.662 MeV) and 60Co (1.170, 1.330 MeV) in the same polymers. The measured values agree well with the theoretical values. Neutron shielding parameters such as Coherent Neutron Scattering length, inCoherent Neutron Scattering length, Coherent Neutron Scattering cross section, inCoherent Neutron Scattering cross section, total Neutron Scattering cross section and Neutron absorption cross section are in the same polymers. PCTFE is found to be good shielding material for the gamma/X-ray and Neutron radiation.

  • A study of X-ray, gamma and Neutron shielding parameters in Si- alloys
    Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2019
    Co-Authors: H.c. Manjunatha, L. Seenappa, K.v. Sathish, Damodara Gupta, S. Alfred Cecil Raj
    Abstract:

    Abstract We have studied the X-ray and gamma radiation shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient, linear attenuation coefficient, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic numbers, exposure buildup factors and specific gamma ray constant in aluminum silicon alloys (Al-47, Al– 32S, Al-43, Fe–Si, Al-356, Al-355 and Al-A355). We have also studied the Neutron shielding properties such as Coherent Neutron Scattering length, inCoherent Neutron Scattering lengths, Coherent Neutron Scattering cross section, inCoherent Neutron Scattering cross sections, total Neutron Scattering cross section and Neutron absorption cross sections in aluminium silicon alloys. It has been compared the shielding properties among the studied aluminium silicon alloys. From the detail study it is found that mean free path, HVL and TVL is minimum and exposure buildup factor is maximum for ferro-silicon alloy. Hence it is clear that ferro-silicon alloy is good absorber for X-ray and gamma radiation. The attenuation parameters for Neutron are large for ferro silicon alloy. Hence, we suggest ferro silicon alloy is the best shielding materials for X-ray, gamma and Neutrons.

  • Gamma, X-ray and Neutron shielding properties of polymer concretes
    Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 2018
    Co-Authors: L. Seenappa, H.c. Manjunatha, K.n. Sridhar, Chikkahanumantharayappa
    Abstract:

    We have studied the X-ray and gamma radiation shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient, linear attenuation coefficient, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic numbers, electron density, exposure buildup factors, relative dose, dose rate and specific gamma ray constant in some polymer based concretes such as sulfur polymer concrete, barium polymer concrete, calcium polymer concrete, flourine polymer concrete, chlorine polymer concrete and germanium polymer concrete. The Neutron shielding properties such as Coherent Neutron Scattering length, inCoherent Neutron Scattering lengths, Coherent Neutron Scattering cross section, inCoherent Neutron Scattering cross sections, total Neutron Scattering cross section and Neutron absorption cross sections in the polymer concretes have been studied. The shielding properties among the studied different polymer concretes have been compared. From the detail study, it is clear that barium polymer concrete is good absorber for X-ray, gamma radiation and Neutron. The attenuation parameters for Neutron are large for chlorine polymer concrete. Hence, we suggest barium polymer concrete and chlorine polymer concrete are the best shielding materials for X-ray, gamma and Neutrons.

  • Gamma, X-ray and Neutron shielding parameters for the Al-based glassy alloys
    Applied radiation and isotopes : including data instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture industry and medicine, 2018
    Co-Authors: H.c. Manjunatha, L. Seenappa, Chandrika B.m, K.n. Sridhar, Chikka Hanumantharayappa
    Abstract:

    Abstract The X-ray and gamma radiation shielding parameters (mass attenuation coefficient, mean free path, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic numbers, electron density, exposure buildup factors, relative dose, dose rate and specific gamma ray constant) have been studied for the Al-based glassy alloys Al86Y7Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5, Al85Y8Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5, Al84Y9Ni4Co1.5Fe0.5Pd1, Al80Y13Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5, Al70Y23Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5 and Al60Y33Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5. For the same alloys, the Neutron shielding parameters (Coherent Neutron Scattering length, inCoherent Neutron Scattering lengths, Coherent Neutron Scattering cross section, inCoherent Neutron Scattering cross sections, total Neutron Scattering cross section and Neutron absorption cross sections) have also been explored. Al60Y33Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5 was found to be a good shielding material for the X-ray/gamma radiation, while Al86Y7Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5 is a good shielding material for Neutrons.

H.c. Manjunatha - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Radiation shielding properties of silicon polymers
    Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2020
    Co-Authors: N. Nagaraja, H.c. Manjunatha, L. Seenappa, K.n. Sridhar, H.b. Ramalingam
    Abstract:

    Abstract We have studied the X-ray and gamma radiation shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient, linear attenuation coefficient, Half Value Layer (HVL), Tenth Value Layer (TVL), effective atomic number, electron density and specific gamma ray constant in some silicon polymers of different composition such as Polymer A- Poly dimethyl siloxane (C2H6OSi), Polymer B- Polymethyl Hydro silaxane (CH4SiO), Polymer C- Per hydro poly silaxane (H3SiN), Polymer D-poly dimethyl silaxane (C2H6Si), Polymer E− Methylsilses quioxane (C12H32O8Si8), and Polymer F- Silalkalyene polymer (SiC3H8). We have also measured the mass attenuation coefficient at gamma energies 84 keV to 1.3 MeV. We have also studied the Neutron shielding properties such as Coherent Neutron Scattering length, inCoherent Neutron Scattering lengths, Coherent Neutron Scattering cross section, inCoherent Neutron Scattering cross sections, total Neutron Scattering cross section and Neutron absorption cross sections in the silicon polymers. We have compared the shielding properties among the studied different silicon polymers. From the detail study, it is clear that the silicon polymer per hydro poly silaxane is good absorber for X-ray, gamma radiation and Neutron. Hence, we suggest that the perhydropoly silaxane is good shielding material for X-ray, gamma and Neutrons.

  • Selection of shielding materials for gamma/X-ray and Neutron radiations among the commonly used polymers
    International Journal of Nuclear Energy Science and Technology, 2019
    Co-Authors: N. Nagaraja, H.c. Manjunatha, L. Seenappa, K.n. Sridhar, H.b. Ramalingam
    Abstract:

    We have studied the X-ray and gamma shielding parameters like mass attenuation coefficient, mean free path, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic numbers, electron density, exposure buildup factors, and specific gamma ray constant in commonly used polymers such as polysterene, polypropylene, polytetrafluroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylchloride (PVC), polychlorotetrafluroethylene (PCTFE). We have also measured X-ray and gamma shielding parameters at different energies such as 170Tm (0.084 MeV), 137Cs (0.662 MeV) and 60Co (1.170, 1.330 MeV) in the same polymers. The measured values agree well with the theoretical values. Neutron shielding parameters such as Coherent Neutron Scattering length, inCoherent Neutron Scattering length, Coherent Neutron Scattering cross section, inCoherent Neutron Scattering cross section, total Neutron Scattering cross section and Neutron absorption cross section are in the same polymers. PCTFE is found to be good shielding material for the gamma/X-ray and Neutron radiation.

  • A study of X-ray, gamma and Neutron shielding parameters in Si- alloys
    Radiation Physics and Chemistry, 2019
    Co-Authors: H.c. Manjunatha, L. Seenappa, K.v. Sathish, Damodara Gupta, S. Alfred Cecil Raj
    Abstract:

    Abstract We have studied the X-ray and gamma radiation shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient, linear attenuation coefficient, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic numbers, exposure buildup factors and specific gamma ray constant in aluminum silicon alloys (Al-47, Al– 32S, Al-43, Fe–Si, Al-356, Al-355 and Al-A355). We have also studied the Neutron shielding properties such as Coherent Neutron Scattering length, inCoherent Neutron Scattering lengths, Coherent Neutron Scattering cross section, inCoherent Neutron Scattering cross sections, total Neutron Scattering cross section and Neutron absorption cross sections in aluminium silicon alloys. It has been compared the shielding properties among the studied aluminium silicon alloys. From the detail study it is found that mean free path, HVL and TVL is minimum and exposure buildup factor is maximum for ferro-silicon alloy. Hence it is clear that ferro-silicon alloy is good absorber for X-ray and gamma radiation. The attenuation parameters for Neutron are large for ferro silicon alloy. Hence, we suggest ferro silicon alloy is the best shielding materials for X-ray, gamma and Neutrons.

  • Gamma, X-ray and Neutron shielding properties of polymer concretes
    Indian Journal of Pure & Applied Physics, 2018
    Co-Authors: L. Seenappa, H.c. Manjunatha, K.n. Sridhar, Chikkahanumantharayappa
    Abstract:

    We have studied the X-ray and gamma radiation shielding parameters such as mass attenuation coefficient, linear attenuation coefficient, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic numbers, electron density, exposure buildup factors, relative dose, dose rate and specific gamma ray constant in some polymer based concretes such as sulfur polymer concrete, barium polymer concrete, calcium polymer concrete, flourine polymer concrete, chlorine polymer concrete and germanium polymer concrete. The Neutron shielding properties such as Coherent Neutron Scattering length, inCoherent Neutron Scattering lengths, Coherent Neutron Scattering cross section, inCoherent Neutron Scattering cross sections, total Neutron Scattering cross section and Neutron absorption cross sections in the polymer concretes have been studied. The shielding properties among the studied different polymer concretes have been compared. From the detail study, it is clear that barium polymer concrete is good absorber for X-ray, gamma radiation and Neutron. The attenuation parameters for Neutron are large for chlorine polymer concrete. Hence, we suggest barium polymer concrete and chlorine polymer concrete are the best shielding materials for X-ray, gamma and Neutrons.

  • Gamma, X-ray and Neutron shielding parameters for the Al-based glassy alloys
    Applied radiation and isotopes : including data instrumentation and methods for use in agriculture industry and medicine, 2018
    Co-Authors: H.c. Manjunatha, L. Seenappa, Chandrika B.m, K.n. Sridhar, Chikka Hanumantharayappa
    Abstract:

    Abstract The X-ray and gamma radiation shielding parameters (mass attenuation coefficient, mean free path, half value layer, tenth value layer, effective atomic numbers, electron density, exposure buildup factors, relative dose, dose rate and specific gamma ray constant) have been studied for the Al-based glassy alloys Al86Y7Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5, Al85Y8Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5, Al84Y9Ni4Co1.5Fe0.5Pd1, Al80Y13Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5, Al70Y23Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5 and Al60Y33Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5. For the same alloys, the Neutron shielding parameters (Coherent Neutron Scattering length, inCoherent Neutron Scattering lengths, Coherent Neutron Scattering cross section, inCoherent Neutron Scattering cross sections, total Neutron Scattering cross section and Neutron absorption cross sections) have also been explored. Al60Y33Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5 was found to be a good shielding material for the X-ray/gamma radiation, while Al86Y7Ni5Co1Fe0.5Pd0.5 is a good shielding material for Neutrons.

Muhammad Arif - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • precision Neutron interferometric measurements of the n p n d and n 3he zero energy Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes
    Physica B-condensed Matter, 2006
    Co-Authors: T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, K Schoen, Muhammad Arif, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    Abstract We have performed high-precision measurements of the zero-energy Neutron Scattering amplitudes of gas phase molecular hydrogen, deuterium, and 3He using Neutron interferometry. We find b np = ( - 3.7384 ± 0.0020 ) fm [K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], b nd = ( 6.6649 ± 0.0040 ) fm [T.C. Black, P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, W.M. Snow, K. Schoen, M. Arif, H. Kaiser, S.K. Lamoreaux, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (2003) 192502, K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], and b n 3 He = ( 5.8572 ± 0.0072 ) fm [P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, K. Schoen, M. Arif, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 014004]. When combined with the previous world data, properly corrected for small multiple Scattering, radiative corrections, and local field effects from the theory of Neutron optics and combined by the prescriptions of the particle data group, the zero-energy Scattering amplitudes are: b np = ( - 3.7389 ± 0.0010 ) fm , b nd = ( 6.6683 ± 0.0030 ) fm , and b n 3 He = ( 5.853 ± .007 ) fm . The precision of these measurements is now high enough to severely constrain NN few-body models. The n–d and n–3He Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes are both now in disagreement with the best current theories. The new values can be used as input for precision calculations of few body processes. This precision data is sensitive to small effects such as nuclear three-body forces, charge-symmetry breaking in the strong interaction, and residual electromagnetic effects not yet fully included in current models.

  • Precision Neutron interferometric measurements of the n–p, n–d, and n–3He zero-energy Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes
    Physica B-condensed Matter, 2006
    Co-Authors: P.r. Huffman, T. C. Black, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, K Schoen, Muhammad Arif, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    Abstract We have performed high-precision measurements of the zero-energy Neutron Scattering amplitudes of gas phase molecular hydrogen, deuterium, and 3He using Neutron interferometry. We find b np = ( - 3.7384 ± 0.0020 ) fm [K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], b nd = ( 6.6649 ± 0.0040 ) fm [T.C. Black, P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, W.M. Snow, K. Schoen, M. Arif, H. Kaiser, S.K. Lamoreaux, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (2003) 192502, K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], and b n 3 He = ( 5.8572 ± 0.0072 ) fm [P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, K. Schoen, M. Arif, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 014004]. When combined with the previous world data, properly corrected for small multiple Scattering, radiative corrections, and local field effects from the theory of Neutron optics and combined by the prescriptions of the particle data group, the zero-energy Scattering amplitudes are: b np = ( - 3.7389 ± 0.0010 ) fm , b nd = ( 6.6683 ± 0.0030 ) fm , and b n 3 He = ( 5.853 ± .007 ) fm . The precision of these measurements is now high enough to severely constrain NN few-body models. The n–d and n–3He Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes are both now in disagreement with the best current theories. The new values can be used as input for precision calculations of few body processes. This precision data is sensitive to small effects such as nuclear three-body forces, charge-symmetry breaking in the strong interaction, and residual electromagnetic effects not yet fully included in current models.

  • Precision Neutron Interferometric Measurement of the Nd Coherent Neutron Scattering Length and Consequences for Models of Three-Nucleon Forces
    Physical review letters, 2003
    Co-Authors: T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, K Schoen, Muhammad Arif, Helmut Kaiser, Steve K. Lamoreaux, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    We have performed the first high precision measurement of the Coherent Neutron Scattering length of deuterium in a pure sample using Neutron interferometry. We find b(nd)=(6.665+/-0.004) fm in agreement with the world average of previous measurements using different techniques, b(nd)=(6.6730+/-0.0045) fm. We compare the new world average for the nd Coherent Scattering length b(nd)=(6.669+/-0.003) fm to calculations of the doublet and quartet Scattering lengths from several modern nucleon-nucleon potential models with three-nucleon force (3NF) additions and show that almost all theories are in serious disagreement with experiment. This comparison is a more stringent test of the models than past comparisons with the less precisely determined doublet Scattering length of (2)a(nd)=(0.65+/-0.04) fm.

  • Precision Neutron interferometric measurements and updated evaluations of the n − p and n − d Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths
    Physical Review C, 2003
    Co-Authors: K Schoen, T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, Muhammad Arif, Helmut Kaiser, Steve K. Lamoreaux, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    We have performed high-precision measurements of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of gas phase molecular hydrogen and deuterium using Neutron interferometry. After correcting for molecular binding and multiple Scattering from the molecule, we find ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7384\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0020)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6649\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0040)\mathrm{fm}.$ Our results are in agreement with the world average of previous measurements, ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7410\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0010)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6727\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0045)\mathrm{fm}.$ The new world averages for the $n\ensuremath{-}p$ and $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Coherent Scattering lengths, including our new results, are ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7405\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0009)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6683\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0030)\mathrm{fm}.$ We compare ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the calculations of the doublet and quartet Scattering lengths of several nucleon-nucleon potential models and show that almost all known calculations are in disagreement with the precisely measured linear combination corresponding to the Coherent Scattering length. Combining the world data on ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the modern high-precision theoretical calculations of the quartet $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Scattering lengths recently summarized by Friar et al., we deduce a new value for the doublet Scattering length of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.645\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.003(\mathrm{expt})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007(\mathrm{theory})]\mathrm{fm}.$ This value is a factor of 4, more precise than the previously accepted value of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04(\mathrm{expt})]\mathrm{fm}.$ The current state of knowledge of Scattering lengths in the related $p\ensuremath{-}d$ system, ideas for improving by a factor of 5 the accuracy of the ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ measurements using Neutron interferometry, and possibilities for further improvement of our knowledge of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of ${}^{3}\mathrm{H},$ ${}^{3}\mathrm{He},$ and ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ are discussed.

  • precision Neutron interferometric measurements and updated evaluations of the n p and n d Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths
    Physical Review C, 2003
    Co-Authors: K Schoen, H. Kaiser, T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, Muhammad Arif, Steve K. Lamoreaux, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    We have performed high-precision measurements of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of gas phase molecular hydrogen and deuterium using Neutron interferometry. After correcting for molecular binding and multiple Scattering from the molecule, we find ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7384\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0020)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6649\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0040)\mathrm{fm}.$ Our results are in agreement with the world average of previous measurements, ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7410\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0010)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6727\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0045)\mathrm{fm}.$ The new world averages for the $n\ensuremath{-}p$ and $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Coherent Scattering lengths, including our new results, are ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7405\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0009)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6683\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0030)\mathrm{fm}.$ We compare ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the calculations of the doublet and quartet Scattering lengths of several nucleon-nucleon potential models and show that almost all known calculations are in disagreement with the precisely measured linear combination corresponding to the Coherent Scattering length. Combining the world data on ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the modern high-precision theoretical calculations of the quartet $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Scattering lengths recently summarized by Friar et al., we deduce a new value for the doublet Scattering length of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.645\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.003(\mathrm{expt})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007(\mathrm{theory})]\mathrm{fm}.$ This value is a factor of 4, more precise than the previously accepted value of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04(\mathrm{expt})]\mathrm{fm}.$ The current state of knowledge of Scattering lengths in the related $p\ensuremath{-}d$ system, ideas for improving by a factor of 5 the accuracy of the ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ measurements using Neutron interferometry, and possibilities for further improvement of our knowledge of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of ${}^{3}\mathrm{H},$ ${}^{3}\mathrm{He},$ and ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ are discussed.

David L. Jacobson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • precision Neutron interferometric measurements of the n p n d and n 3he zero energy Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes
    Physica B-condensed Matter, 2006
    Co-Authors: T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, K Schoen, Muhammad Arif, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    Abstract We have performed high-precision measurements of the zero-energy Neutron Scattering amplitudes of gas phase molecular hydrogen, deuterium, and 3He using Neutron interferometry. We find b np = ( - 3.7384 ± 0.0020 ) fm [K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], b nd = ( 6.6649 ± 0.0040 ) fm [T.C. Black, P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, W.M. Snow, K. Schoen, M. Arif, H. Kaiser, S.K. Lamoreaux, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (2003) 192502, K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], and b n 3 He = ( 5.8572 ± 0.0072 ) fm [P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, K. Schoen, M. Arif, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 014004]. When combined with the previous world data, properly corrected for small multiple Scattering, radiative corrections, and local field effects from the theory of Neutron optics and combined by the prescriptions of the particle data group, the zero-energy Scattering amplitudes are: b np = ( - 3.7389 ± 0.0010 ) fm , b nd = ( 6.6683 ± 0.0030 ) fm , and b n 3 He = ( 5.853 ± .007 ) fm . The precision of these measurements is now high enough to severely constrain NN few-body models. The n–d and n–3He Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes are both now in disagreement with the best current theories. The new values can be used as input for precision calculations of few body processes. This precision data is sensitive to small effects such as nuclear three-body forces, charge-symmetry breaking in the strong interaction, and residual electromagnetic effects not yet fully included in current models.

  • Precision Neutron interferometric measurements of the n–p, n–d, and n–3He zero-energy Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes
    Physica B-condensed Matter, 2006
    Co-Authors: P.r. Huffman, T. C. Black, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, K Schoen, Muhammad Arif, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    Abstract We have performed high-precision measurements of the zero-energy Neutron Scattering amplitudes of gas phase molecular hydrogen, deuterium, and 3He using Neutron interferometry. We find b np = ( - 3.7384 ± 0.0020 ) fm [K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], b nd = ( 6.6649 ± 0.0040 ) fm [T.C. Black, P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, W.M. Snow, K. Schoen, M. Arif, H. Kaiser, S.K. Lamoreaux, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. Lett. 90 (2003) 192502, K. Schoen, D.L. Jacobson, M. Arif, P.R. Huffman, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.K. Lamoreaux, H. Kaiser, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 67 (2003) 044005], and b n 3 He = ( 5.8572 ± 0.0072 ) fm [P.R. Huffman, D.L. Jacobson, K. Schoen, M. Arif, T.C. Black, W.M. Snow, S.A. Werner, Phys. Rev. C 70 (2004) 014004]. When combined with the previous world data, properly corrected for small multiple Scattering, radiative corrections, and local field effects from the theory of Neutron optics and combined by the prescriptions of the particle data group, the zero-energy Scattering amplitudes are: b np = ( - 3.7389 ± 0.0010 ) fm , b nd = ( 6.6683 ± 0.0030 ) fm , and b n 3 He = ( 5.853 ± .007 ) fm . The precision of these measurements is now high enough to severely constrain NN few-body models. The n–d and n–3He Coherent Neutron Scattering amplitudes are both now in disagreement with the best current theories. The new values can be used as input for precision calculations of few body processes. This precision data is sensitive to small effects such as nuclear three-body forces, charge-symmetry breaking in the strong interaction, and residual electromagnetic effects not yet fully included in current models.

  • Precision Neutron Interferometric Measurement of the Nd Coherent Neutron Scattering Length and Consequences for Models of Three-Nucleon Forces
    Physical review letters, 2003
    Co-Authors: T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, K Schoen, Muhammad Arif, Helmut Kaiser, Steve K. Lamoreaux, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    We have performed the first high precision measurement of the Coherent Neutron Scattering length of deuterium in a pure sample using Neutron interferometry. We find b(nd)=(6.665+/-0.004) fm in agreement with the world average of previous measurements using different techniques, b(nd)=(6.6730+/-0.0045) fm. We compare the new world average for the nd Coherent Scattering length b(nd)=(6.669+/-0.003) fm to calculations of the doublet and quartet Scattering lengths from several modern nucleon-nucleon potential models with three-nucleon force (3NF) additions and show that almost all theories are in serious disagreement with experiment. This comparison is a more stringent test of the models than past comparisons with the less precisely determined doublet Scattering length of (2)a(nd)=(0.65+/-0.04) fm.

  • Precision Neutron interferometric measurements and updated evaluations of the n − p and n − d Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths
    Physical Review C, 2003
    Co-Authors: K Schoen, T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, Muhammad Arif, Helmut Kaiser, Steve K. Lamoreaux, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    We have performed high-precision measurements of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of gas phase molecular hydrogen and deuterium using Neutron interferometry. After correcting for molecular binding and multiple Scattering from the molecule, we find ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7384\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0020)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6649\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0040)\mathrm{fm}.$ Our results are in agreement with the world average of previous measurements, ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7410\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0010)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6727\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0045)\mathrm{fm}.$ The new world averages for the $n\ensuremath{-}p$ and $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Coherent Scattering lengths, including our new results, are ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7405\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0009)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6683\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0030)\mathrm{fm}.$ We compare ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the calculations of the doublet and quartet Scattering lengths of several nucleon-nucleon potential models and show that almost all known calculations are in disagreement with the precisely measured linear combination corresponding to the Coherent Scattering length. Combining the world data on ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the modern high-precision theoretical calculations of the quartet $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Scattering lengths recently summarized by Friar et al., we deduce a new value for the doublet Scattering length of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.645\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.003(\mathrm{expt})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007(\mathrm{theory})]\mathrm{fm}.$ This value is a factor of 4, more precise than the previously accepted value of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04(\mathrm{expt})]\mathrm{fm}.$ The current state of knowledge of Scattering lengths in the related $p\ensuremath{-}d$ system, ideas for improving by a factor of 5 the accuracy of the ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ measurements using Neutron interferometry, and possibilities for further improvement of our knowledge of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of ${}^{3}\mathrm{H},$ ${}^{3}\mathrm{He},$ and ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ are discussed.

  • precision Neutron interferometric measurements and updated evaluations of the n p and n d Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths
    Physical Review C, 2003
    Co-Authors: K Schoen, H. Kaiser, T. C. Black, P.r. Huffman, David L. Jacobson, W. M. Snow, Muhammad Arif, Steve K. Lamoreaux, S. A. Werner
    Abstract:

    We have performed high-precision measurements of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of gas phase molecular hydrogen and deuterium using Neutron interferometry. After correcting for molecular binding and multiple Scattering from the molecule, we find ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7384\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0020)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6649\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0040)\mathrm{fm}.$ Our results are in agreement with the world average of previous measurements, ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7410\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0010)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6727\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0045)\mathrm{fm}.$ The new world averages for the $n\ensuremath{-}p$ and $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Coherent Scattering lengths, including our new results, are ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}=(\ensuremath{-}3.7405\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0009)\mathrm{fm}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}=(6.6683\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.0030)\mathrm{fm}.$ We compare ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the calculations of the doublet and quartet Scattering lengths of several nucleon-nucleon potential models and show that almost all known calculations are in disagreement with the precisely measured linear combination corresponding to the Coherent Scattering length. Combining the world data on ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ with the modern high-precision theoretical calculations of the quartet $n\ensuremath{-}d$ Scattering lengths recently summarized by Friar et al., we deduce a new value for the doublet Scattering length of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.645\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.003(\mathrm{expt})\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.007(\mathrm{theory})]\mathrm{fm}.$ This value is a factor of 4, more precise than the previously accepted value of ${}^{2}{a}_{\mathrm{nd}}=[0.65\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.04(\mathrm{expt})]\mathrm{fm}.$ The current state of knowledge of Scattering lengths in the related $p\ensuremath{-}d$ system, ideas for improving by a factor of 5 the accuracy of the ${b}_{\mathrm{np}}$ and ${b}_{\mathrm{nd}}$ measurements using Neutron interferometry, and possibilities for further improvement of our knowledge of the Coherent Neutron Scattering lengths of ${}^{3}\mathrm{H},$ ${}^{3}\mathrm{He},$ and ${}^{4}\mathrm{He}$ are discussed.