The Experts below are selected from a list of 318 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

M. Murakami - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Birefringence in thermally anisotropic relativistic plasmas and its impact on laser-plasma interactions
    arXiv: Plasma Physics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Alexey Arefiev, David J. Stark, T. Toncian, M. Murakami
    Abstract:

    One of the paradigm-shifting phenomena triggered in laser-plasma interactions at relativistic intensities is the so-called relativistic transparency. As the electrons become heated by the laser to relativistic energies, the plasma becomes transparent to the laser light even though the plasma density is sufficiently high to reflect the laser pulse in the non-relativistic case. This paper highlights the impact that relativistic transparency can have on laser-matter interactions by focusing on a Collective Phenomenon that is associated with the onset of relativistic transparency: plasma birefringence in thermally anisotropic relativistic plasmas. The optical properties of such a system become dependent on the polarization of light, and this can serve as the basis for plasma-based optical devices or novel diagnostic capabilities.

  • Birefringence in thermally anisotropic relativistic plasmas and its impact on laser–plasma interactions
    Physics of Plasmas, 2020
    Co-Authors: Alexey Arefiev, David J. Stark, T. Toncian, M. Murakami
    Abstract:

    One of the paradigm-shifting phenomena triggered in laser–plasma interactions at relativistic intensities is the so-called relativistic transparency. As the electrons become heated by the laser to relativistic energies, the plasma becomes transparent to the laser light even though the plasma density is sufficiently high to reflect the laser pulse in the non-relativistic case. This paper highlights the impact that relativistic transparency can have on laser-matter interactions by focusing on a Collective Phenomenon that is associated with the onset of relativistic transparency: plasma birefringence in thermally anisotropic relativistic plasmas. The optical properties of such a system become dependent on the polarization of light, and this can serve as the basis for plasma-based optical devices or novel diagnostic capabilities.

Alexey Arefiev - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Birefringence in thermally anisotropic relativistic plasmas and its impact on laser-plasma interactions
    arXiv: Plasma Physics, 2020
    Co-Authors: Alexey Arefiev, David J. Stark, T. Toncian, M. Murakami
    Abstract:

    One of the paradigm-shifting phenomena triggered in laser-plasma interactions at relativistic intensities is the so-called relativistic transparency. As the electrons become heated by the laser to relativistic energies, the plasma becomes transparent to the laser light even though the plasma density is sufficiently high to reflect the laser pulse in the non-relativistic case. This paper highlights the impact that relativistic transparency can have on laser-matter interactions by focusing on a Collective Phenomenon that is associated with the onset of relativistic transparency: plasma birefringence in thermally anisotropic relativistic plasmas. The optical properties of such a system become dependent on the polarization of light, and this can serve as the basis for plasma-based optical devices or novel diagnostic capabilities.

  • Birefringence in thermally anisotropic relativistic plasmas and its impact on laser–plasma interactions
    Physics of Plasmas, 2020
    Co-Authors: Alexey Arefiev, David J. Stark, T. Toncian, M. Murakami
    Abstract:

    One of the paradigm-shifting phenomena triggered in laser–plasma interactions at relativistic intensities is the so-called relativistic transparency. As the electrons become heated by the laser to relativistic energies, the plasma becomes transparent to the laser light even though the plasma density is sufficiently high to reflect the laser pulse in the non-relativistic case. This paper highlights the impact that relativistic transparency can have on laser-matter interactions by focusing on a Collective Phenomenon that is associated with the onset of relativistic transparency: plasma birefringence in thermally anisotropic relativistic plasmas. The optical properties of such a system become dependent on the polarization of light, and this can serve as the basis for plasma-based optical devices or novel diagnostic capabilities.

Jean-paul Blaizot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Quasiparticles in ultrarelativistic plasmas
    Nuclear Physics, 1996
    Co-Authors: Jean-paul Blaizot
    Abstract:

    Abstract In ultrarelativistic plasmas, the existence of unscreened magnetic interactions and the presence of massless particles strongly affect the properties of the quasiparticles and of the Collective modes. In this note, I discuss the peculiar splitting of the fermion dispersion relation at low momentum, which exhibits features of a Collective Phenomenon. I then show how the unscreened soft magnetic interactions affect the lifetime of quasiparticles.

Antonio Bianconi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Far from equilibrium percolation, stochastic and shape resonances in the physics of life.
    International journal of molecular sciences, 2011
    Co-Authors: Nicola Poccia, Alessio Ansuini, Antonio Bianconi
    Abstract:

    Key physical concepts, relevant for the cross-fertilization between condensed matter physics and the physics of life seen as a Collective Phenomenon in a system out-of-equilibrium, are discussed. The onset of life can be driven by: (a) the critical fluctuations at the protonic percolation threshold in membrane transport; (b) the stochastic resonance in biological systems, a mechanism that can exploit external and self-generated noise in order to gain efficiency in signal processing; and (c) the shape resonance (or Fano resonance or Feshbach resonance) in the association and dissociation processes of bio-molecules (a quantum mechanism that could play a key role to establish a macroscopic quantum coherence in the cell).

Miguel A. Muñoz - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • Stochastic amplification of fluctuations in cortical up-states.
    PloS one, 2012
    Co-Authors: Jorge Hidalgo, Luís F. Seoane, Jesus M. Cortes, Miguel A. Muñoz
    Abstract:

    Cortical neurons are bistable; as a consequence their local field potentials can fluctuate between quiescent and active states, generating slow Hz oscillations which are widely known as transitions between Up and Down States. Despite a large number of studies on Up-Down transitions, deciphering its nature, mechanisms and function are still today challenging tasks. In this paper we focus on recent experimental evidence, showing that a class of spontaneous oscillations can emerge within the Up states. In particular, a non-trivial peak around Hz appears in their associated power-spectra, what produces an enhancement of the activity power for higher frequencies (in the Hz band). Moreover, this rhythm within Ups seems to be an emergent or Collective Phenomenon given that individual neurons do not lock to it as they remain mostly unsynchronized. Remarkably, similar oscillations (and the concomitant peak in the spectrum) do not appear in the Down states. Here we shed light on these findings by using different computational models for the dynamics of cortical networks in presence of different levels of physiological complexity. Our conclusion, supported by both theory and simulations, is that the Collective Phenomenon of “stochastic amplification of fluctuations” – previously described in other contexts such as Ecology and Epidemiology – explains in an elegant and parsimonious manner, beyond model-dependent details, this extra-rhythm emerging only in the Up states but not in the Downs.