The Experts below are selected from a list of 30663 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Elaine Craig - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
person s of interest and missing women legal abandonment in the downtown eastside
McGill Law Journal, 2014Co-Authors: Elaine CraigAbstract:The criminal prosecution of Robert Pickton involved an eleven-month jury trial, two appeals to the British Columbia Court of Appeal, an appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada, and seventy-six reported judicial rulings. This article, through a combination of discursive and doctrinal analyses of these seventy-six decisions, examines what was (not) achieved by the Pickton trial. It discusses three areas: the judicial representation of the women Pickton was prosecuted for murdering; the implications of the jury’s verdict in the Pickton proceedings; and the impact of the Pickton trial on the families of the women he murdered. The article starts from the premise that it is correct to characterize these murders as a product of Collective Violence. Colonialism, political and legal infrastructure, and public discourse—and hegemonies based on race, class, and gender that these processes, institutions, and practices hold in place—produced a particular class of vulnerable women, the police who failed them, and Robert Pickton. The article concludes by suggesting that the outcomes of the Pickton prosecution both highlight the limitations of the criminal justice system and offer an analytical framework for examining other institutional responses (such as the Missing Women’s Inquiry) to the kind of Collective Violence that gave rise to the Pickton circumstance.
-
person s of interest and missing women legal abandonment in the downtown eastside
Social Science Research Network, 2014Co-Authors: Elaine CraigAbstract:Women are disappearing. Sixty-nine of them disappeared from the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver between 1997 and 2002. Northern communities in British Columbia believe that more than 40 women have gone missing from the Highway of Tears in the past thirty years. The endangered do not come from every walk of life. Most of these women are Aboriginal. Many of them are poor. To be more precise then, poor women and Aboriginal women are disappearing. Aboriginal women in particular are the targets of an irrefutable epidemic of Violence in Canada today.Robert Pickton is thought to have murdered almost 50 of the women reported as missing from the Downtown Eastside of Vancouver between 1997 and 2002. The criminal prosecution of Robert Pickton involved an 11-month jury trial, two appeals to the British Columbia Court of Appeal, an appeal to the Supreme Court of Canada, 12 million dollars in defence counsel legal expenses, a two million dollar upgrade to the New Westminster courthouse, nine million dollars in Crown counsel expenses, 12 million dollars in judicial/trial support and management costs, and 76 reported judicial rulings. This paper, through a combination of discursive and doctrinal analysis of these 76 decisions, examines what was (not) achieved by the Pickton trial. It discusses three areas: the judicial representation of the women Pickton was prosecuted for murdering; the implications of the jury’s verdict in the Pickton proceeding and; the impact of the Pickton trial on the families of the women he murdered. The paper starts from the premise that it is correct to characterize these murders as a product of Collective Violence. Colonialism, political and legal infrastructure, and public discourse – and the race, class, and gender based hegemonies that these processes, institutions, and practices hold in place – produced a particular class of vulnerable women, the police who failed them, and Robert Pickton. The paper concludes by suggesting that the outcomes of the Pickton prosecution both highlight the limitations of the criminal justice system and offer an analytical framework for examining other institutional responses (such as the Missing Women’s Inquiry) to the kind of Collective Violence that gave rise to the Pickton circumstance.
Schneider Nathalie - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Achenheim : un habitat fortifié du dernier tiers du Ve millénaire (groupe de Bruebach-Oberbergen) en Basse-Alsace
'OpenEdition', 2021Co-Authors: Lefranc Philippe, Affolter Jehanne, Arbogast Rose-marie, Chenal Fanny, Jodry Florent, Mauvilly Michel, Rollinger Elisa, Schneider NathalieAbstract:Résumé. Une fouille préventive conduite en 2016 sur le site d’Achenheim Strasse 2, à l’ouest de Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin), a permis l’étude, sur une surface d’un hectare, d’une partie d’un village ceinturé attribué à l’horizon Bruebach-Oberbergen, groupe épiroessénien installé en Basse-Alsace entre 4400 et 4250 av. J.-C. À cet horizon appartient la majorité des fosses de stockage mises au jour (au moins 211 et probablement plus de 350) et un long tronçon d’enceinte dessinant un segment de cercle suivi sur 155 m linéaires, constitué par un fossé continu à profil en V, large d’1,70 m en moyenne pour une profondeur équivalente. Le fossé, probablement flanqué vers l’intérieur d’une levée de terre comme l’indiquent les profils dissymétriques des comblements, est interrompu à deux reprises par des ouvertures présentant des dispositifs avancés que nous proposons d’assimiler à des entrées fortifiées. La construction de l’enceinte s’inscrit dans un projet unique ; seules les entrées ont, à divers degrés, fait l’objet de réaménagements. La découverte de cette enceinte que nous identifions comme un ouvrage à vocation défensive, marque une étape importante de la recherche sur les enceintes néolithiques régionales, jusqu’ici représentées, du Néolithique ancien à la fin du Ve millénaire, par les seuls monuments de « type Rosheim », monuments que les recherches récentes reconnaissent comme des centres cérémoniels. Le nombre de creusements, le volume important de certaines fosses de stockage et la surface couverte par l’enceinte (dont nous savons qu’elle se développe sur au moins 3 ou 4 hectares) suggèrent que le site a accueilli une population nombreuse, configuration inédite qui donne de l’organisation du territoire et de la société Bruebach-Oberbergen, une image très éloignée de celle que les sites régionaux nous avaient jusqu’ici amené à restituer : celle d’un habitat composé de fermes ou de petits hameaux dispersés. Nous nous interrogeons sur le contexte historique ayant favorisé l’émergence de ce grand village fortifié et proposons une corrélation avec un épisode de Violence Collective ayant touché la Basse-Alsace aux alentours de 4250 av. J.-C, épisode notamment illustré, à Achenheim même, par des dépôts humains très particuliers où nous identifions des vestiges de rites guerriers (fêtes de victoire). Outre son intérêt pour la restitution des processus historiques à l’œuvre dans le dernier tiers du Ve millénaire, le site offre également, par la relative abondance du mobilier exhumé, l’opportunité de mieux définir l’évolution stylistique de la céramique, de caractériser l’outillage lithique et osseux ainsi que le système d’élevage du groupe de Bruebach-Oberbergen.Abstract. A preventive excavation carried out in 2016 at the Achenheim Strasse 2 site, west of Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin) investigated part of a ringed village, over an area of one hectare, attributed to the Bruebach-Oberbergen horizon, an Epiroessenian group settled in Lower Alsace between 4400 and 4250 BC. Most of the storage pits discovered belong to this horizon (at least 211 and probably more than 350), and a long section of enclosure outlining a segment of a circle over 155 linear metres followed on from them, consisting of a continuous V-shaped ditch, on average 1.70 metres wide and of equivalent depth. The ditch was probably flanked on the inside by an earthen embankment, as indicated by the asymmetrical profiles of the fillings, and is interrupted twice by openings with structures assimilated to fortified entrances. The construction of the enclosure was carried out as a single project where only the entrances were redeveloped, to varying degrees. The discovery of this enclosure, identified as a defensive structure, marks an important stage in research into regional Neolithic enclosures. Indeed, up until now, such structures were only represented, from the Early Neolithic to the end of the fifth millennium, by ‘Rosheim-type’ monuments, identified by recent research as ceremonial centres. The number of excavations, the large volume of certain storage pits and the surface covered by the enclosure (which we know extends over at least 3 or 4 hectares) suggest that the site hosted a large population. This unprecedented configuration depicts the organisation of the territory and of Bruebach-Oberbergen society in a very different way from reconstructions based on regional sites, which point rather to settlements composed of farms or small scattered hamlets. We examine the historical context that led to the emergence of this large fortified village and propose a correlation with an episode of Collective Violence that affected Lower Alsace around 4250 BC. This episode is illustrated at Achenheim itself by very specific human deposits with vestiges of warrior rites (victory celebrations). In addition to the important reconstruction of the historical processes at work in the last third of the fifth millennium, the relative abundance of exhumed material from the site also provides the opportunity to better define the stylistic evolution of pottery, to characterise lithic and bone tools, as well as the husbandry system of the Bruebach-Oberbergen group
-
Achenheim : un habitat fortifié du dernier tiers du Ve millénaire (groupe de Bruebach-Oberbergen) en Basse-Alsace
'OpenEdition', 2021Co-Authors: Lefranc Philippe, Affolter Jehanne, Arbogast Rose-marie, Chenal Fanny, Jodry Florent, Mauvilly Michel, Rollinger Elisa, Schneider NathalieAbstract:International audienceA preventive excavation carried out in 2016 at the Achenheim Strasse 2 site, west of Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin) investigated part of a ringed village, over an area of one hectare, attributed to the Bruebach-Oberbergen horizon, an Epiroessenian group settled in Lower Alsace between 4400 and 4250 BC. Most of the storage pits discovered belong to this horizon (at least 211 and probably more than 350), and a long section of enclosure outlining a segment of a circle over 155 linear metres followed on from them, consisting of a continuous V-shaped ditch, on average 1.70 metres wide and of equivalent depth. The ditch was probably flanked on the inside by an earthen embankment, as indicated by the asymmetrical profiles of the fillings, and is interrupted twice by openings with structures assimilated to fortified entrances. The construction of the enclosure was carried out as a single project where only the entrances were redeveloped, to varying degrees. The discovery of this enclosure, identified as a defensive structure, marks an important stage in research into regional Neolithic enclosures. Indeed, up until now, such structures were only represented, from the Early Neolithic to the end of the fifth millennium, by ‘Rosheim-type’ monuments, identified by recent research as ceremonial centres. The number of excavations, the large volume of certain storage pits and the surface covered by the enclosure (which we know extends over at least 3 or 4 hectares) suggest that the site hosted a large population. This unprecedented configuration depicts the organisation of the territory and of Bruebach-Oberbergen society in a very different way from reconstructions based on regional sites, which point rather to settlements composed of farms or small scattered hamlets. We examine the historical context that led to the emergence of this large fortified village and propose a correlation with an episode of Collective Violence that affected Lower Alsace around 4250 BC. This episode is illustrated at Achenheim itself by very specific human deposits with vestiges of warrior rites (victory celebrations). In addition to the important reconstruction of the historical processes at work in the last third of the fifth millennium, the relative abundance of exhumed material from the site also provides the opportunity to better define the stylistic evolution of pottery, to characterise lithic and bone tools, as well as the husbandry system of the Bruebach-Oberbergen group.Une fouille préventive conduite en 2016 sur le site d’Achenheim Strasse 2, à l’ouest de Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin), a permis l’étude, sur une surface d’un hectare, d’une partie d’un village ceinturé attribué à l’horizon Bruebach-Oberbergen, groupe épiroessénien installé en Basse-Alsace entre 4400 et 4250 av. J.-C. À cet horizon appartient la majorité des fosses de stockage mises au jour (au moins 211 et probablement plus de 350) et un long tronçon d’enceinte dessinant un segment de cercle suivi sur 155 m linéaires, constitué par un fossé continu à profil en V, large d’1,70 m en moyenne pour une profondeur équivalente. Le fossé, probablement flanqué vers l’intérieur d’une levée de terre comme l’indiquent les profils dissymétriques des comblements, est interrompu à deux reprises par des ouvertures présentant des dispositifs avancés que nous proposons d’assimiler à des entrées fortifiées. La construction de l’enceinte s’inscrit dans un projet unique ; seules les entrées ont, à divers degrés, fait l’objet de réaménagements. La découverte de cette enceinte que nous identifions comme un ouvrage à vocation défensive, marque une étape importante de la recherche sur les enceintes néolithiques régionales, jusqu’ici représentées, du Néolithique ancien à la fin du Ve millénaire, par les seuls monuments de « type Rosheim », monuments que les recherches récentes reconnaissent comme des centres cérémoniels. Le nombre de creusements, le volume important de certaines fosses de stockage et la surface couverte par l’enceinte (dont nous savons qu’elle se développe sur au moins 3 ou 4 hectares) suggèrent que le site a accueilli une population nombreuse, configuration inédite qui donne de l’organisation du territoire et de la société Bruebach-Oberbergen, une image très éloignée de celle que les sites régionaux nous avaient jusqu’ici amené à restituer : celle d’un habitat composé de fermes ou de petits hameaux dispersés. Nous nous interrogeons sur le contexte historique ayant favorisé l’émergence de ce grand village fortifié et proposons une corrélation avec un épisode de Violence Collective ayant touché la Basse-Alsace aux alentours de 4250 av. J.-C, épisode notamment illustré, à Achenheim même, par des dépôts humains très particuliers où nous identifions des vestiges de rites guerriers (fêtes de victoire). Outre son intérêt pour la restitution des processus historiques à l’œuvre dans le dernier tiers du Ve millénaire, le site offre également, par la relative abondance du mobilier exhumé, l’opportunité de mieux définir l’évolution stylistique de la céramique, de caractériser l’outillage lithique et osseux ainsi que le système d’élevage du groupe de Bruebach-Oberbergen
Mustafa Alabsi - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
gender differences in adverse childhood experiences Collective Violence and the risk for addictive behaviors among university students in tunisia
Preventive Medicine, 2017Co-Authors: Sana El Mhamdi, Andrine Lemieux, I Bouanene, Arwa Ben Salah, Motohiro Nakajima, Kamel Ben Salem, Mustafa AlabsiAbstract:Adverse childhood experiences (ACE) have been linked to a variety of addictive behaviors. The recent adaptation of the ACE measure by the World Health Organization (WHO) allows for the assessment of the negative role of additional adverse experiences, such as extra-familial Violence. To date, the relationship between extra-familial Violence and addictive behaviors has not been assessed. We report the contribution of ACEs, including the new scales for extra-familial Violence, on the risk for mental health problems and addictive behaviors by gender in a sample of young adults in Tunisia. We conducted a cross sectional study in Tunisia during 2014, where we recruited 1200 young university adults who completed the validated Arabic version of the WHO ACE questionnaire in a university setting. Results indicated that intra-familial adversities were associated with increased risk for addictive behaviors, particularly in males. ACEs were also associated with increased risk for mental health problems with women showing more difficulties than men. Exposure to peer, community and Collective Violence was higher in males than in females and logistic regression confirms that exposure to extra-familial Violence increased the risk for addictive behaviors both in male and females by two to three-fold. Mental health problems were associated with peer Violence and substance abuse in males, but not in females. Results demonstrate for the first time the contribution of exposure to extra-familial Violence on risk for addictive behaviors. Results highlight the need for addressing mental health and addiction in a community with high burden of adversity and Violence.
Paul R Brass - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
Collective Violence human rights and the politics of curfew
Journal of Human Rights, 2006Co-Authors: Paul R BrassAbstract:Every sovereign state and its subdivisions has at its disposal an armory of measures to preserve, maintain, and restore law and order and to protect the lives and property of its citizens in times ...
-
theft of an idol text and context in the representation of Collective Violence
1997Co-Authors: Paul R BrassAbstract:As Collective Violence erupts in many parts of the world, the media often links this to age-old ethnic or religious hostilities, thereby freeing the state, its agents and its political elites from responsibility. This book encourages readers to look more closely at the issues of Violence, ethnicity and the state by focusing on specific instances of Violence in their local contexts and questioning the prevailing interpretations of them. Through five case studies of both rural and urban public Violence, including police-public confrontations and Hindu-Muslim riots, this book shows how, out of many possible interpretations applicable to these incidents, governments and the media select those that support existing relations of power in state and society. Adopting different modes (narrator, detective and social scientist) Brass treats incidents of Collective Violence arising intitially out of such common occurences as a drunken brawl, the rape of a woman and the theft of an idol, and demonstrates how some incidents remain localized whilst others are fit into broader frameworks of meaning, thereby becoming useful for upholders of dominant ideologies. He argues that incessant talk about Violence and its implications in these circumstances contributes to its persistence rather than to its reduction. Such treatment, he claims, serves in fact to mask the causes of Violence, displace the victims from the centre of attention and divert society's gaze from those responsible for its endemic character. He explains how this process ultimately implicates everyone in the perpetuation of systems of Violence.
Jonny Steinberg - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
-
xenophobia and Collective Violence in south africa a note of skepticism about the scapegoat
African Studies Review, 2018Co-Authors: Jonny SteinbergAbstract:This article examines differing explanations for Violence against foreign nationals in post-apartheid South Africa. It argues that the most compelling analyses in the scholarship draw from a family of arguments in the global literature that locates popular Violence against outsiders within the context of declining sovereign power, explaining theatrical displays of force against enemies within as attempts at the retrieval of that power. To the extent that these arguments rely on the concept of a scapegoat, they are inadequate. More analytical attention needs to be paid to the scene of the encounters between the “us” and the “them” of Collective Violence.