The Experts below are selected from a list of 96171 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Stijn Blot - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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protective isolation precautions for the prevention of nosocomial Colonisation and infection in burn patients a systematic review and meta analysis
Intensive and Critical Care Nursing, 2017Co-Authors: Katrien Raes, Koen Blot, Dirk Vogelaers, Sonia Labeau, Stijn BlotAbstract:Abstract Objectives To assess the impact of protective isolation precautions on nosocomial Colonisation and infection rates in burn patients. Research methodology A systematic review and meta-analysis were performed of studies identified through Pubmed and Web of Science. Only articles in English were considered. The Downs and Black tool was used to evaluate their methodological quality. Random-effects meta-analysis obtained pooled risk ratios (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of nosocomial Colonisation and infection rates. Results Five eligible before-after studies were identified, encompassing a total of 3033 patients (1192 in the experimental group; 1841 in the control group). Varying protective isolation precautions were investigated, resulting in high clinical heterogeneity. Quality assessment revealed overall poor methodological quality. Protective isolation significantly reduces combined Colonisation and infection rates compared to baseline care (RR 0.52, 95% CI 0.40–0.69; P Conclusions Protective isolation precautions appear to decrease the risk of colonization and infection in burn patients. Because of the absence of higher quality study designs, clinical heterogeneity and the small number of studies involved, these results must be interpreted cautiously.
Julian Parkhill - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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incidence and characterisation of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus mrsa from nasal Colonisation in participants attending a cattle veterinary conference in the uk
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Gavin K Paterson, Ewan M Harrison, Emily F Craven, Andreas Petersen, Anders Rhod Larsen, Matthew J Ellington, Estee M Torok, Sharon J Peacock, Julian ParkhillAbstract:We sought to determine the prevalence of nasal Colonisation with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among cattle veterinarians in the UK. There was particular interest in examining the frequency of Colonisation with MRSA harbouring mecC, as strains with this mecA homologue were originally identified in bovine milk and may represent a zoonotic risk to those in contact with dairy livestock. Three hundred and seven delegates at the British Cattle Veterinarian Association (BCVA) Congress 2011 in Southport, UK were screening for nasal Colonisation with MRSA. Isolates were characterised by whole genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Eight out of three hundred and seven delegates (2.6%) were positive for nasal Colonisation with MRSA. All strains were positive for mecA and none possessed mecC. The time since a delegate’s last visit to a farm was significantly shorter in the MRSA-positive group than in MRSA-negative counterparts. BCVA delegates have an increased risk of MRSA Colonisation compared to the general population but their frequency of Colonisation is lower than that reported from other types of veterinarian conference, and from that seen in human healthcare workers. The results indicate that recent visitation to a farm is a risk factor for MRSA Colonisation and that mecC-MRSA are rare among BCVA delegates (<1% based on sample size). Contact with livestock, including dairy cattle, may still be a risk factor for human Colonisation with mecC-MRSA but occurs at a rate below the lower limit of detection available in this study.
Estee M Torok - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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incidence and characterisation of methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus mrsa from nasal Colonisation in participants attending a cattle veterinary conference in the uk
PLOS ONE, 2013Co-Authors: Gavin K Paterson, Ewan M Harrison, Emily F Craven, Andreas Petersen, Anders Rhod Larsen, Matthew J Ellington, Estee M Torok, Sharon J Peacock, Julian ParkhillAbstract:We sought to determine the prevalence of nasal Colonisation with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among cattle veterinarians in the UK. There was particular interest in examining the frequency of Colonisation with MRSA harbouring mecC, as strains with this mecA homologue were originally identified in bovine milk and may represent a zoonotic risk to those in contact with dairy livestock. Three hundred and seven delegates at the British Cattle Veterinarian Association (BCVA) Congress 2011 in Southport, UK were screening for nasal Colonisation with MRSA. Isolates were characterised by whole genome sequencing and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Eight out of three hundred and seven delegates (2.6%) were positive for nasal Colonisation with MRSA. All strains were positive for mecA and none possessed mecC. The time since a delegate’s last visit to a farm was significantly shorter in the MRSA-positive group than in MRSA-negative counterparts. BCVA delegates have an increased risk of MRSA Colonisation compared to the general population but their frequency of Colonisation is lower than that reported from other types of veterinarian conference, and from that seen in human healthcare workers. The results indicate that recent visitation to a farm is a risk factor for MRSA Colonisation and that mecC-MRSA are rare among BCVA delegates (<1% based on sample size). Contact with livestock, including dairy cattle, may still be a risk factor for human Colonisation with mecC-MRSA but occurs at a rate below the lower limit of detection available in this study.
Jamie C Newbold - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural and artificial feeding management before weaning promote different rumen microbial colonization but not differences in gene expression levels at the rumen epithelium of newborn goats
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Leticia Abecia, Elisabeth Jimenez, Ignacio A Martingarcia, Eric Pinloche, Eva Ramosmorales, Gonzalo Martinezfernandez, Jamie C NewboldAbstract:The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of feeding management during the first month of life (natural with the mother, NAT, or artificial with milk replacer, ART) on the rumen microbial colonization and the host innate immune response. Thirty pregnant goats carrying two fetuses were used. At birth one kid was taken immediately away from the doe and fed milk replacer (ART) while the other remained with the mother (NAT). Kids from groups received colostrum during first 2 days of life. Groups of four kids (from ART and NAT experimental groups) were slaughtered at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of life. On the sampling day, after slaughtering, the rumen content was sampled and epithelial rumen tissue was collected. Pyrosequencing analyses of the bacterial community structure on samples collected at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days showed that both systems promoted significantly different colonization patterns (P = 0.001). Diversity indices increased with age and were higher in NAT feeding system. Lower mRNA abundance was detected in TLR2, TLR8 and TLR10 in days 3 and 5 compared to the other days (7, 14, 21 and 28). Only TLR5 showed a significantly different level of expression according to the feeding system, presenting higher mRNA abundances in ART kids. PGLYRP1 showed significantly higher abundance levels in days 3, 5 and 7, and then experienced a decline independently of the feeding system. These observations confirmed a highly diverse microbial Colonisation from the first day of life in the undeveloped rumen, and show that the colonization pattern substantially differs between pre-ruminants reared under natural or artificial milk feeding systems. However, the rumen epithelial immune development does not differentially respond to distinct microbial colonization patterns.
Gonzalo Martinezfernandez - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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natural and artificial feeding management before weaning promote different rumen microbial colonization but not differences in gene expression levels at the rumen epithelium of newborn goats
PLOS ONE, 2017Co-Authors: Leticia Abecia, Elisabeth Jimenez, Ignacio A Martingarcia, Eric Pinloche, Eva Ramosmorales, Gonzalo Martinezfernandez, Jamie C NewboldAbstract:The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of feeding management during the first month of life (natural with the mother, NAT, or artificial with milk replacer, ART) on the rumen microbial colonization and the host innate immune response. Thirty pregnant goats carrying two fetuses were used. At birth one kid was taken immediately away from the doe and fed milk replacer (ART) while the other remained with the mother (NAT). Kids from groups received colostrum during first 2 days of life. Groups of four kids (from ART and NAT experimental groups) were slaughtered at 1, 3, 7, 14, 21 and 28 days of life. On the sampling day, after slaughtering, the rumen content was sampled and epithelial rumen tissue was collected. Pyrosequencing analyses of the bacterial community structure on samples collected at 3, 7, 14 and 28 days showed that both systems promoted significantly different colonization patterns (P = 0.001). Diversity indices increased with age and were higher in NAT feeding system. Lower mRNA abundance was detected in TLR2, TLR8 and TLR10 in days 3 and 5 compared to the other days (7, 14, 21 and 28). Only TLR5 showed a significantly different level of expression according to the feeding system, presenting higher mRNA abundances in ART kids. PGLYRP1 showed significantly higher abundance levels in days 3, 5 and 7, and then experienced a decline independently of the feeding system. These observations confirmed a highly diverse microbial Colonisation from the first day of life in the undeveloped rumen, and show that the colonization pattern substantially differs between pre-ruminants reared under natural or artificial milk feeding systems. However, the rumen epithelial immune development does not differentially respond to distinct microbial colonization patterns.