The Experts below are selected from a list of 70740 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Anshan Shan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rational design of short peptide variants by using kunitzin re an amphibian derived bioactivity peptide for acquired potent broad spectrum antimicrobial and improved therapeutic potential of Commensalism coinfection of pathogens
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Zhanyi Yang, Jiajun Wang, Yi Yang, Licong Zhang, Anshan ShanAbstract:Commensalism coinfection of pathogens has seriously jeopardized human health. Currently, Kunitzin-RE, as an amphibian-derived bioactivity peptide, is regarded as a potential antimicrobial candidate. However, its antimicrobial properties were unsatisfactory. In this study, a set of shortened variants of Kunitzin-RE was developed by the interception of a peptide fragment and single-site mutation to investigate the effect of chain length, positive charge, hydrophobicity, amphipathicity, and secondary structure on antimicrobial properties. Among them, W8 (AARIILRWRFR) significantly broadened the antimicrobial spectrum and showed the highest antimicrobial activity (GMall = 2.48 μM) against all the fungi and bacteria tested. Additionally, W8 showed high cell selectivity and salt tolerance in vitro, whereas it showed high effectiveness against mice keratitis cause by infection by C. albicans 2.2086. Additionally, it also had obviously lipopolysaccharide-binding ability and a potent membrane-disruptive mechanism. Overall, these findings contributed to the design of short antimicrobial peptides and to combat the serious threat of Commensalism coinfection of pathogens.
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Rational Design of Short Peptide Variants by Using Kunitzin-RE, an Amphibian-Derived Bioactivity Peptide, for Acquired Potent Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial and Improved Therapeutic Potential of Commensalism Coinfection of Pathogens
2019Co-Authors: Zhanyi Yang, Jiajun Wang, Yi Yang, Licong Zhang, Anshan ShanAbstract:Commensalism coinfection of pathogens has seriously jeopardized human health. Currently, Kunitzin-RE, as an amphibian-derived bioactivity peptide, is regarded as a potential antimicrobial candidate. However, its antimicrobial properties were unsatisfactory. In this study, a set of shortened variants of Kunitzin-RE was developed by the interception of a peptide fragment and single-site mutation to investigate the effect of chain length, positive charge, hydrophobicity, amphipathicity, and secondary structure on antimicrobial properties. Among them, W8 (AARIILRWRFR) significantly broadened the antimicrobial spectrum and showed the highest antimicrobial activity (GMall = 2.48 μM) against all the fungi and bacteria tested. Additionally, W8 showed high cell selectivity and salt tolerance in vitro, whereas it showed high effectiveness against mice keratitis cause by infection by C. albicans 2.2086. Additionally, it also had obviously lipopolysaccharide-binding ability and a potent membrane-disruptive mechanism. Overall, these findings contributed to the design of short antimicrobial peptides and to combat the serious threat of Commensalism coinfection of pathogens
Milad Mohammadi Darani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modeling the evolution of system technology performance when component and system technology performances interact Commensalism and amensalism
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2017Co-Authors: Guanglu Zhang, Daniel A Mcadams, Venkatesh Shankar, Milad Mohammadi DaraniAbstract:Abstract The interaction between technologies critically determines technology evolution. Commensalism and amensalism are two common relationships between component and system technologies but have attracted scant research attention. In both the relationships, the component technology performance is unaffected by the system technology performance. However, as the component technology performance improves, the system technology performance is enhanced in Commensalism but inhibited in amensalism. We model Commensalism and amensalism and predict the evolution of system technology performance using Lotka-Volterra equations. In these two scenarios, we decouple the equations and derive the general analytic solution for system technology performance. We also deduce the corresponding solutions for cases where the component technology performance follows a logistic function or simple exponential growth. The solutions consider the impact on system technology performance of changes in component technology performance and enable us to predict the future performance evolution of system technology. We demonstrate the prediction accuracy of our model through an empirical study of the concrete skyscraper technology. We also interpret the parameters in Lotka-Volterra equations and explore strategies to boost system technology performance. The analytic solutions and parameter interpretations allow practitioners and policy makers to use our model as a strategic management tool for their future work.
Zhanyi Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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rational design of short peptide variants by using kunitzin re an amphibian derived bioactivity peptide for acquired potent broad spectrum antimicrobial and improved therapeutic potential of Commensalism coinfection of pathogens
Journal of Medicinal Chemistry, 2019Co-Authors: Zhanyi Yang, Jiajun Wang, Yi Yang, Licong Zhang, Anshan ShanAbstract:Commensalism coinfection of pathogens has seriously jeopardized human health. Currently, Kunitzin-RE, as an amphibian-derived bioactivity peptide, is regarded as a potential antimicrobial candidate. However, its antimicrobial properties were unsatisfactory. In this study, a set of shortened variants of Kunitzin-RE was developed by the interception of a peptide fragment and single-site mutation to investigate the effect of chain length, positive charge, hydrophobicity, amphipathicity, and secondary structure on antimicrobial properties. Among them, W8 (AARIILRWRFR) significantly broadened the antimicrobial spectrum and showed the highest antimicrobial activity (GMall = 2.48 μM) against all the fungi and bacteria tested. Additionally, W8 showed high cell selectivity and salt tolerance in vitro, whereas it showed high effectiveness against mice keratitis cause by infection by C. albicans 2.2086. Additionally, it also had obviously lipopolysaccharide-binding ability and a potent membrane-disruptive mechanism. Overall, these findings contributed to the design of short antimicrobial peptides and to combat the serious threat of Commensalism coinfection of pathogens.
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Rational Design of Short Peptide Variants by Using Kunitzin-RE, an Amphibian-Derived Bioactivity Peptide, for Acquired Potent Broad-Spectrum Antimicrobial and Improved Therapeutic Potential of Commensalism Coinfection of Pathogens
2019Co-Authors: Zhanyi Yang, Jiajun Wang, Yi Yang, Licong Zhang, Anshan ShanAbstract:Commensalism coinfection of pathogens has seriously jeopardized human health. Currently, Kunitzin-RE, as an amphibian-derived bioactivity peptide, is regarded as a potential antimicrobial candidate. However, its antimicrobial properties were unsatisfactory. In this study, a set of shortened variants of Kunitzin-RE was developed by the interception of a peptide fragment and single-site mutation to investigate the effect of chain length, positive charge, hydrophobicity, amphipathicity, and secondary structure on antimicrobial properties. Among them, W8 (AARIILRWRFR) significantly broadened the antimicrobial spectrum and showed the highest antimicrobial activity (GMall = 2.48 μM) against all the fungi and bacteria tested. Additionally, W8 showed high cell selectivity and salt tolerance in vitro, whereas it showed high effectiveness against mice keratitis cause by infection by C. albicans 2.2086. Additionally, it also had obviously lipopolysaccharide-binding ability and a potent membrane-disruptive mechanism. Overall, these findings contributed to the design of short antimicrobial peptides and to combat the serious threat of Commensalism coinfection of pathogens
David R Hendrixson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Campylobacter jejuni: collective components promoting a successful enteric lifestyle
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2018Co-Authors: Peter M. Burnham, David R HendrixsonAbstract:In this Review, Burnham and Hendrixson explore the unique combination of determinants of Campylobacter jejuni biology that together establish Commensalism in many animal hosts and promote diarrhoeal diarrheal disease in humans, including cellular shape and architecture, genotypic and phenotypic diversity, a multi-functional flagellum and metabolic requirements for growth. Campylobacter jejuni is the leading cause of bacterial diarrhoeal disease in many areas of the world. The high incidence of sporadic cases of disease in humans is largely due to its prevalence as a zoonotic agent in animals, both in agriculture and in the wild. Compared with many other enteric bacterial pathogens, C. jejuni has strict growth and nutritional requirements and lacks many virulence and colonization determinants that are typically used by bacterial pathogens to infect hosts. Instead, C. jejuni has a different collection of factors and pathways not typically associated together in enteric pathogens to establish Commensalism in many animal hosts and to promote diarrhoeal disease in the human population. In this Review, we discuss the cellular architecture and structure of C. jejuni , intraspecies genotypic variation, the multiple roles of the flagellum, specific nutritional and environmental growth requirements and how these factors contribute to in vivo growth in human and avian hosts, persistent colonization and pathogenesis of diarrhoeal disease.
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microbiota derived short chain fatty acids modulate expression of campylobacter jejuni determinants required for Commensalism and virulence
Mbio, 2017Co-Authors: Paul M Luethy, Steven Huynh, Deborah A Ribardo, Sebastian E Winter, Craig T Parker, David R HendrixsonAbstract:Campylobacter jejuni promotes Commensalism in the intestinal tracts of avian hosts and diarrheal disease in humans, yet components of intestinal environments recognized as spatial cues specific for different intestinal regions by the bacterium to initiate interactions in either host are mostly unknown. By analyzing a C. jejuni acetogenesis mutant defective in converting acetyl coenzyme A (Ac-CoA) to acetate and commensal colonization of young chicks, we discovered evidence for in vivo microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and organic acids as cues recognized by C. jejuni that modulate expression of determinants required for Commensalism. We identified a set of C. jejuni genes encoding catabolic enzymes and transport systems for amino acids required for in vivo growth whose expression was modulated by SCFAs. Transcription of these genes was reduced in the acetogenesis mutant but was restored upon supplementation with physiological concentrations of the SCFAs acetate and butyrate present in the lower intestinal tracts of avian and human hosts. Conversely, the organic acid lactate, which is abundant in the upper intestinal tract where C. jejuni colonizes less efficiently, reduced expression of these genes. We propose that microbiota-generated SCFAs and lactate are cues for C. jejuni to discriminate between different intestinal regions. Spatial gradients of these metabolites likely allow C. jejuni to locate preferred niches in the lower intestinal tract and induce expression of factors required for intestinal growth and commensal colonization. Our findings provide insights into the types of cues C. jejuni monitors in the avian host for Commensalism and likely in humans to promote diarrheal disease.IMPORTANCECampylobacter jejuni is a commensal of the intestinal tracts of avian species and other animals and a leading cause of diarrheal disease in humans. The types of cues sensed by C. jejuni to influence responses to promote Commensalism or infection are largely lacking. By analyzing a C. jejuni acetogenesis mutant, we discovered a set of genes whose expression is modulated by lactate and short-chain fatty acids produced by the microbiota in the intestinal tract. These genes include those encoding catabolic enzymes and transport systems for amino acids that are required by C. jejuni for in vivo growth and intestinal colonization. We propose that gradients of these microbiota-generated metabolites are cues for spatial discrimination between areas of the intestines so that the bacterium can locate niches in the lower intestinal tract for optimal growth for Commensalism in avian species and possibly infection of human hosts leading to diarrheal disease.
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analysis of the liv system of campylobacter jejuni reveals alternative roles for livj and livk in Commensalism beyond branched chain amino acid transport
Journal of Bacteriology, 2011Co-Authors: Deborah A Ribardo, David R HendrixsonAbstract:Campylobacter jejuni is a leading cause of diarrheal disease in humans and an intestinal commensal in poultry and other agriculturally important animals. These zoonotic infections result in significant amounts of C. jejuni present in the food supply to contribute to disease in humans. We previously found that a transposon insertion in Cjj81176_1038, encoding a homolog of the Escherichia coli LivJ periplasmic binding protein of the leucine, isoleucine, and valine (LIV) branched-chain amino acid transport system, reduced the commensal colonization capacity of C. jejuni 81-176 in chicks. Cjj81176_1038 is the first gene of a six-gene locus that encodes homologous components of the E. coli LIV system. By analyzing mutants with in-frame deletions of individual genes or pairs of genes, we found that this system constitutes a LIV transport system in C. jejuni responsible for a high level of leucine acquisition and, to a lesser extent, isoleucine and valine acquisition. Despite each LIV protein being required for branched-chain amino acid transport, only the LivJ and LivK periplasmic binding proteins were required for wild-type levels of commensal colonization of chicks. All LIV permease and ATPase components were dispensable for in vivo growth. These results suggest that the biological functions of LivJ and LivK for colonization are more complex than previously hypothesized and extend beyond a role for binding and acquiring branched-chain amino acids during Commensalism. In contrast to other studies indicating a requirement and utilization of other specific amino acids for colonization, acquisition of branched-chain amino acids does not appear to be a determinant for C. jejuni during Commensalism.
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a phase variable mechanism controlling the campylobacter jejuni flgr response regulator influences Commensalism
Molecular Microbiology, 2006Co-Authors: David R HendrixsonAbstract:Summary Phase variation of genes in bacteria enables phenotypic alteration to modulate interactions within a host as conditions change. To promote Commensalism in animals and disease in humans, Campylobacter jejuni produces a flagellar organelle for motility. In addition to tight transcriptional regulation of flagellar genes, C. jejuni also controls flagellar biosynthesis by phase variation. In this study, an unusual phasevariable mechanism controlling production of FlgR, the response regulator of the FlgSR two-component system required for transcription of s 54 -dependent
Guanglu Zhang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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modeling the evolution of system technology performance when component and system technology performances interact Commensalism and amensalism
Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 2017Co-Authors: Guanglu Zhang, Daniel A Mcadams, Venkatesh Shankar, Milad Mohammadi DaraniAbstract:Abstract The interaction between technologies critically determines technology evolution. Commensalism and amensalism are two common relationships between component and system technologies but have attracted scant research attention. In both the relationships, the component technology performance is unaffected by the system technology performance. However, as the component technology performance improves, the system technology performance is enhanced in Commensalism but inhibited in amensalism. We model Commensalism and amensalism and predict the evolution of system technology performance using Lotka-Volterra equations. In these two scenarios, we decouple the equations and derive the general analytic solution for system technology performance. We also deduce the corresponding solutions for cases where the component technology performance follows a logistic function or simple exponential growth. The solutions consider the impact on system technology performance of changes in component technology performance and enable us to predict the future performance evolution of system technology. We demonstrate the prediction accuracy of our model through an empirical study of the concrete skyscraper technology. We also interpret the parameters in Lotka-Volterra equations and explore strategies to boost system technology performance. The analytic solutions and parameter interpretations allow practitioners and policy makers to use our model as a strategic management tool for their future work.