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Tim Richardson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental assessment and planning theory four short stories about power multiple rationality and ethics
Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 2005Co-Authors: Tim RichardsonAbstract:Abstract This paper engages with recent debates in the environmental assessment (EA) literature about the lessons that can be learned from planning theory. It argues that the current Communicative turn in EA, echoing a similar shift in planning thought in the 1990s, has failed to benefit from this earlier experience. Instead of following this trend, the paper examines EA from a perspective which is more closely aligned with some of the critics of the Communicative Approach, and which combines concepts of power, rationality, value and ethics in a different way. First, the paper briefly sets out how planning theory has engaged with these concepts. It then argues that EA needs to engage with competing multiple rationalities, and the inescapable presence of value conflicts within EA. It then turns to recent debates in EA to show how the question of value has become a very difficult issue for EA theorists. These issues are then explored by looking at four cases where environmental impact assessment (EIA) and strategic environmental assessment (SEA) become dramatic sites of struggle, in very different ways: where the boundaries between facts, boundaries, and opinions are defined through power struggles; where SEA is used as a process of brokerage between a fragile coalition of interests; where power defines rationality in the construction of an SEA instrument; and where EIA is challenged from the outside by civil society. The paper closes by discussing how EA practitioners can operate reflexively and ethically in a world of contested rationality.
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environmental assessment and planning theory four short stories about power multiple rationality and ethics
Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 2005Co-Authors: Tim RichardsonAbstract:Abstract This paper engages with recent debates in the environmental assessment (EA) literature about the lessons that can be learned from planning theory. It argues that the current Communicative turn in EA, echoing a similar shift in planning thought in the 1990s, has failed to benefit from this earlier experience. Instead of following this trend, the paper examines EA from a perspective which is more closely aligned with some of the critics of the Communicative Approach, and which combines concepts of power, rationality, value and ethics in a different way. First, the paper briefly sets out how planning theory has engaged with these concepts. It then argues that EA needs to engage with competing multiple rationalities, and the inescapable presence of value conflicts within EA. It then turns to recent debates in EA to show how the question of value has become a very difficult issue for EA theorists. These issues are then explored by looking at four cases where environmental impact assessment (EIA) and strategic environmental assessment (SEA) become dramatic sites of struggle, in very different ways: where the boundaries between facts, boundaries, and opinions are defined through power struggles; where SEA is used as a process of brokerage between a fragile coalition of interests; where power defines rationality in the construction of an SEA instrument; and where EIA is challenged from the outside by civil society. The paper closes by discussing how EA practitioners can operate reflexively and ethically in a world of contested rationality.
Arnold Van Der Valk - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental policy integration towards a Communicative Approach in integrating nature conservation and urban planning in bulgaria
Land Use Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Velislava Simeonova, Arnold Van Der ValkAbstract:As urban areas continue to expand, the need to consider nature conservation objectives in planning is growing. Policy makers across Europe recognize that effective nature conservation requires an integrated Approach to land use planning that includes relevant ecological and spatial knowledge. Although a number of such integrated Approaches have been developed, many local authorities in Europe encounter important institutional barriers to this integration. This is particularly true for countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) like Bulgaria. The post-socialist transformation in Bulgaria led to intensified urban growth and local authorities struggle to find a balance between environmental and socio-economic interests. Meanwhile, the Environmental Policy Integration ‘principle’ (EPI) has been gaining prominence in Europe, aiming to address the trade-offs between environmental and economic incentives. Research highlights that successful EPI depends on institutional processes within different economic sectors and across governmental scales. These processes have not yet been comprehensively studied in the CEE and in Bulgaria. This article assesses the EPI process in urban planning in Bulgaria and identifies the institutional Approaches that may contribute best to EPI in urban planning. Using the example of the “Corner Land” project in the city of Burgas, we discuss the key challenges that the local authorities face in addressing nature conservation in land use plans. The findings indicate that EPI is to a high degree constrained by the lack of an efficient Communicative process across fragmented organizational structures throughout the entire planning process. While a procedural Approach to EPI appears to be prevalent it is concluded that a Communicative Approach is urgently needed if the sustainability of urban plans is to be safeguarded and negative impacts on nature prevented.
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the need for a Communicative Approach to improve environmental policy integration in urban land use planning
Journal of Planning Literature, 2009Co-Authors: Vanya Simeonova, Arnold Van Der ValkAbstract:The debate on sustainable development emphasizes the importance of integrating environmental policy into all policy sectors. It is increasingly recognized that this integration is needed at both th...
Velislava Simeonova - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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environmental policy integration towards a Communicative Approach in integrating nature conservation and urban planning in bulgaria
Land Use Policy, 2016Co-Authors: Velislava Simeonova, Arnold Van Der ValkAbstract:As urban areas continue to expand, the need to consider nature conservation objectives in planning is growing. Policy makers across Europe recognize that effective nature conservation requires an integrated Approach to land use planning that includes relevant ecological and spatial knowledge. Although a number of such integrated Approaches have been developed, many local authorities in Europe encounter important institutional barriers to this integration. This is particularly true for countries in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) like Bulgaria. The post-socialist transformation in Bulgaria led to intensified urban growth and local authorities struggle to find a balance between environmental and socio-economic interests. Meanwhile, the Environmental Policy Integration ‘principle’ (EPI) has been gaining prominence in Europe, aiming to address the trade-offs between environmental and economic incentives. Research highlights that successful EPI depends on institutional processes within different economic sectors and across governmental scales. These processes have not yet been comprehensively studied in the CEE and in Bulgaria. This article assesses the EPI process in urban planning in Bulgaria and identifies the institutional Approaches that may contribute best to EPI in urban planning. Using the example of the “Corner Land” project in the city of Burgas, we discuss the key challenges that the local authorities face in addressing nature conservation in land use plans. The findings indicate that EPI is to a high degree constrained by the lack of an efficient Communicative process across fragmented organizational structures throughout the entire planning process. While a procedural Approach to EPI appears to be prevalent it is concluded that a Communicative Approach is urgently needed if the sustainability of urban plans is to be safeguarded and negative impacts on nature prevented.
Alaba Olaoluwakotansibe Agbatogun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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developing learners second language Communicative competence through active learning clickers or Communicative Approach
Educational Technology & Society, 2014Co-Authors: Alaba Olaoluwakotansibe AgbatogunAbstract:The purpose of this study was to compare the impact of clickers, the Communicative Approach and the lecture method on the Communicative competence development of learners who were taught English a second language (ESL). Ninety nine pupils from three primary schools participated in the study. Quasi-experimental nonrandomised pre-test posttest control group design was adopted for the study. A battery of English Language Listening Tests and English Language Speaking Tests were used to measure pupils’ Communicative competence. Study’s data were analysed using boxplot, paired samples t-test, Analysis of covariance and multiple regression analyses. Findings indicated that, there was a significant difference between the Communicative competence pre-test and post-test scores of pupils in each of the groups. Furthermore, across the groups, there was a significant difference in pupils’ Communicative competence post-test scores based on the teaching strategy. Multiple regression analysis results revealed that 84.9% of the variance of pupils’ Communicative competence was accounted for by a combination of the predictor variables. Speaking skills was the potent contributor while gender did not make a significant contribution to the prediction of pupils’ Communicative competence in ESL classrooms.
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comparative effect of interactive mobiles clickers and Communicative Approach on the learning outcomes of the educationally disadvantaged nigerian pupils in esl classrooms
2013Co-Authors: Alaba Olaoluwakotansibe AgbatogunAbstract:Effective teaching that promotes learners’ active engagement and the development of Communicative proficiency has been a challenge to teachers of English as a second language (ESL). Previous research on second language (L2) teaching has shown that L2 learners improve better in Communicative skills when they are actively engaged, participate in Communicative tasks that facilitate interaction and are provided with the opportunity to use the target language in the classroom. This study focuses on improving ESL learners’ learning outcomes in remotely-located primary schools in Nigeria. The study aimed to test whether the introduction of Personal Response System (PRS) and Communicative Approach can improve pupils’ English-language Communicative competences and their attitudes towards English learning. Specifically, this study examined the extent to which significant differences exist in pupils’ Communicative competence performance scores and learning gains based on teachers’ use of a Communicative Approach, PRS and lecture methods in the ESL classroom. Furthermore, the research also attempted to find out whether pupils’ attitudes towards the learning of English would significantly differ based on teaching strategy. Attitudes of pupils and teachers towards the interventions were also investigated. A pre-test and post-test non-randomised control group design was adopted in this study. Some qualitative data were also collected to augment the quantitative main data. Ninety nine pupils from three intact classes in different schools in Ijebu-North local government, Ogun-State, Nigeria were assigned to two experimental groups and one control group. In addition to the traditional use of textbooks, one of the experimental groups was taught using Communicative activities, while the second experimental group experienced Communicative tasks blended with the use of a personal response system. The control group received the conventional classroom instruction (lecture method), including the use of the English language textbook. In order to provide answers to the research questions and the hypothesis of this study, English Language Listening Tests and English Language Speaking Tests, Pupils’ Attitude to English Language Lesson Questionnaire, Pupils’ Attitude to Clickers’ Questionnaire and Pupils’ Attitude to Communicative Approach Questionnaire were administered at the pre-and post-test stages of the research. These instruments were also complemented with data from classroom observation, video recording of the instructional process, and audio-recorded interviews with the teachers and selected pupils in the experimental groups. The results indicate that the two experimental groups showed greater improvement in Communicative competence than did the control group; but the PRS group improved more than the Communicative Approach group both in listening and speaking skills development. Moreover, pupils’ learning gains were statistically different, with the PRS group having the highest gain scores above the Communicative Approach group, while…
Lewis A Friedland - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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a Communicative Approach to social capital
Journal of Communication, 2011Co-Authors: Hernando Rojas, Dhavan V Shah, Lewis A FriedlandAbstract:This article advances a Communicative Approach to social capital that views communication as the fundamental source of societal integration. We contend that integration occurring at the system level via news consumption and at the individual level via interpersonal discussion is amplified through ties at the community level. This cross-level interaction is theorized to encourage civic engagement, writ large, above and beyond the influences of news, talk, or social ties. This perspective distinguishes between the extent of news use and political talk and the orientation toward news consumption and political conversation. We offer evidence that communication variables, specifically news attention and exposure along with conversational frequency and orientation toward conversational understanding, interact with associational membership and network size to foster engagement.