The Experts below are selected from a list of 237 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Jeff Tolman - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Companion Planting attract-and-kill method for wireworm management in potatoes
Journal of Pest Science, 2016Co-Authors: Robert S. Vernon, Willem G. Herk, Markus Clodius, Jeff TolmanAbstract:Management of wireworms in potatoes is commonly through the use of insecticides applied at Planting. With many insecticides for wireworm control now disappearing worldwide, there is an urgent need for lower risk, efficacious, and cost-effective alternative strategies for use in the twenty first century. To address this need, a novel intercrop attract-and-kill (A&K) method for controlling wireworm damage to tubers and reducing wireworms was evaluated in British Columbia ( Agriotes obscurus ), and Ontario ( Melanotus spp.). Wheat seed treated with fipronil and/or thiamethoxam was planted in-furrow alongside untreated mother tubers. In BC trials, wheat seed treated with fipronil, or fipronil plus thiamethoxam, provided comparable blemish reductions to in-furrow granular applications of Thimet 15G, containing phorate. With these A&K treatments, mean reduction in wireworms relative to untreated controls ranged from 89 to 100 %, as compared to a 59.2 % reduction with Thimet. In the Ontario studies, mean blemish reductions of 81.2 % occurred with intercropped fipronil-treated wheat, and a 66.6 % reduction in damage with fipronil plus thiamethoxam in comparison to Thimet (83.4 % reduction). Reduction in potato yield due to competition with intercropped wheat was seldom observed. It is concluded that an A&K strategy with wheat treated with fipronil at 5 g active ingredient (AI)/100 kg seed would require only 3.4 g AI/ha, relative to 3250 g AI of phorate/ha to achieve comparable control. This A&K strategy offers a highly effective means of wireworm blemish and population control; has low environmental risk; and would be comparable to the cost of currently used prophylactic insecticide treatments such as phorate.
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Companion Planting attract-and-kill method for wireworm management in potatoes
Journal of Pest Science, 2015Co-Authors: Robert S. Vernon, Markus Clodius, Willem G. Van Herk, Jeff TolmanAbstract:Management of wireworms in potatoes is commonly through the use of insecticides applied at Planting. With many insecticides for wireworm control now disappearing worldwide, there is an urgent need for lower risk, efficacious, and cost-effective alternative strategies for use in the twenty first century. To address this need, a novel intercrop attract-and-kill (AK has low environmental risk; and would be comparable to the cost of currently used prophylactic insecticide treatments such as phorate.
Toshiya Okuro - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effects of growth form on the impact of Companion Planting of nectar-producing plant species with Sedum album for extensive green roofs
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2020Co-Authors: Tatsuya Matsuoka, Kazuaki Tsuchiya, Susumu Yamada, Jeremy T. Lundholm, Toshiya OkuroAbstract:Abstract Pollinators provide crucial urban ecosystem services. Introducing nectar-producing species on green roofs is one method to support pollinator populations. However, novel cultivation methods may be required to improve plant health with minimal irrigation on extensive green roofs, which are severely restricted in soil thickness. Although Companion Planting with CAM plants such as Sedum has been reported to improve the performance of neighboring plants, the growth form of the beneficiary species seems important in determining the effectiveness of the technique. In this study, eleven species of nectar-producing plants were classified into two growth forms: carpet species (Phyla canescens, Trifolium repens, Thymus serpyllum and Thymus longicaulis), non-carpet species (Calamintha nepeta, Lavandula officinalis, Lavandula stoechas, Melissa officinalis, Mimosa pudica, Rosmarinus officinalis ‘Erectus’, Rosmarinus officinalis ‘Prostratus’), and were planted together with Sedum album in a greenhouse or on a rooftop space. There were no net positive effects in the impacts of Companion Planting with S. album on plant biomass both in carpet and non-carpet species. However, Companion Planting with S. album had net positive effects on leaf health in L. stoechas, M. officinalis, M. pudica, and R. officinalis ‘Prostratus’, classified as non-carpet species. In contrast, there were no positive effects on carpet species, planted together with S. album. These results suggest that complementary growth forms could be one of the factors to determine effective Planting combinations to improve plant health conditions on extensive green roofs. Additionally, the increase in soil water content by suppressing evapotranspiration when water is limiting can be effective in improving leaf health conditions of neighbors in Companion Planting with S. album. While past studies have shown positive benefits of Companion Planting with CAM species, this experiment suggests the possibility that not all growth forms may benefit from facilitation by Sedum.
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Value of Sedum species as Companion plants for nectar-producing plants depends on leaf characteristics of the Sedum
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2019Co-Authors: Tatsuya Matsuoka, Kazuaki Tsuchiya, Susumu Yamada, Jeremy T. Lundholm, Toshiya OkuroAbstract:Abstract Introducing nectar-producing plants to green roofs and other urban green infrastructure has been attempted to support pollinator activities. Green roofs can be drought-prone, placing limitations on the success of plant growth and nectar production in the absence of irrigation. Plant species differ greatly in water usage patterns, so Companion Planting with low and high water users has been proposed to increase performance of high water use species, including species important for urban pollinators. Additionally, crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants such as Sedum tend to have low water usage and are reported to improve health condition of neighbors. However, Sedum species differ in morphological and physiological traits such as leaf shapes and the speed at which they switch to CAM, resulting in water usage differences during drought that could affect neighboring plants. This study quantifies the effects of Companion Planting with CAM plants (Sedum album, Sedum kamtschaticum) on nectar-producing plants (Fagopyrum esculentum, Trifolium repens), focusing on target plant growth form and leaf traits of neighboring Sedum. The health condition of F. esuculentum and soil water contents were improved significantly when they were planted together with S. album, which has small leaves and rapid CAM induction. Therefore, suppression of evapotranspiration of neighboring CAM plants could have positive effects on erect growth form nectar species. In contrast, the health condition of T. repens, which shows prostrate growth, was not affected by neighboring CAM plant species. Judging from these results, growth characteristics including leaf traits of neighboring Sedum and growth forms of the target plants could be important factors determining the effects of Companion Planting in urban green infrastructure.
Mark E. Payton - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Companion Planting with white yarrow or with feverfew for squash bug, Anasa tristis (Hemiptera: Coreidae), management on summer squash
Pest management science, 2016Co-Authors: Brian A. Kahn, Eric J. Rebek, Lynn Brandenberger, Keith Reed, Mark E. PaytonAbstract:BACKGROUND The squash bug, Anasa tristis (De Geer), is a major insect pest of cucurbits. Control of squash bugs with insecticidal chemicals is difficult to achieve. We investigated the potential of Companion Planting with white yarrow (Achillea millefolium L.) or feverfew [Tanacetum parthenium (L.) Sch. Bip.] for squash bug management in field Plantings of summer squash (Cucurbita pepo L.). RESULTS Companion Planting with white yarrow had few effects. Companion Planting with feverfew tended to reduce squash bug populations, but results often were not statistically significant (P ≥ 0.05). Early-season ventilated row covers (without herbs) neither reduced squash bug populations nor increased squash yields. Herbs reduced marketable squash yields compared with the control only once out of seven experiments. CONCLUSION The tested Companion Planting strategies inconsistently affected squash bug populations on summer squash. Therefore, these strategies are not recommended to commercial producers. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry
Robert S. Vernon - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Companion Planting attract-and-kill method for wireworm management in potatoes
Journal of Pest Science, 2016Co-Authors: Robert S. Vernon, Willem G. Herk, Markus Clodius, Jeff TolmanAbstract:Management of wireworms in potatoes is commonly through the use of insecticides applied at Planting. With many insecticides for wireworm control now disappearing worldwide, there is an urgent need for lower risk, efficacious, and cost-effective alternative strategies for use in the twenty first century. To address this need, a novel intercrop attract-and-kill (A&K) method for controlling wireworm damage to tubers and reducing wireworms was evaluated in British Columbia ( Agriotes obscurus ), and Ontario ( Melanotus spp.). Wheat seed treated with fipronil and/or thiamethoxam was planted in-furrow alongside untreated mother tubers. In BC trials, wheat seed treated with fipronil, or fipronil plus thiamethoxam, provided comparable blemish reductions to in-furrow granular applications of Thimet 15G, containing phorate. With these A&K treatments, mean reduction in wireworms relative to untreated controls ranged from 89 to 100 %, as compared to a 59.2 % reduction with Thimet. In the Ontario studies, mean blemish reductions of 81.2 % occurred with intercropped fipronil-treated wheat, and a 66.6 % reduction in damage with fipronil plus thiamethoxam in comparison to Thimet (83.4 % reduction). Reduction in potato yield due to competition with intercropped wheat was seldom observed. It is concluded that an A&K strategy with wheat treated with fipronil at 5 g active ingredient (AI)/100 kg seed would require only 3.4 g AI/ha, relative to 3250 g AI of phorate/ha to achieve comparable control. This A&K strategy offers a highly effective means of wireworm blemish and population control; has low environmental risk; and would be comparable to the cost of currently used prophylactic insecticide treatments such as phorate.
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Companion Planting attract-and-kill method for wireworm management in potatoes
Journal of Pest Science, 2015Co-Authors: Robert S. Vernon, Markus Clodius, Willem G. Van Herk, Jeff TolmanAbstract:Management of wireworms in potatoes is commonly through the use of insecticides applied at Planting. With many insecticides for wireworm control now disappearing worldwide, there is an urgent need for lower risk, efficacious, and cost-effective alternative strategies for use in the twenty first century. To address this need, a novel intercrop attract-and-kill (AK has low environmental risk; and would be comparable to the cost of currently used prophylactic insecticide treatments such as phorate.
Tatsuya Matsuoka - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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The effects of growth form on the impact of Companion Planting of nectar-producing plant species with Sedum album for extensive green roofs
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2020Co-Authors: Tatsuya Matsuoka, Kazuaki Tsuchiya, Susumu Yamada, Jeremy T. Lundholm, Toshiya OkuroAbstract:Abstract Pollinators provide crucial urban ecosystem services. Introducing nectar-producing species on green roofs is one method to support pollinator populations. However, novel cultivation methods may be required to improve plant health with minimal irrigation on extensive green roofs, which are severely restricted in soil thickness. Although Companion Planting with CAM plants such as Sedum has been reported to improve the performance of neighboring plants, the growth form of the beneficiary species seems important in determining the effectiveness of the technique. In this study, eleven species of nectar-producing plants were classified into two growth forms: carpet species (Phyla canescens, Trifolium repens, Thymus serpyllum and Thymus longicaulis), non-carpet species (Calamintha nepeta, Lavandula officinalis, Lavandula stoechas, Melissa officinalis, Mimosa pudica, Rosmarinus officinalis ‘Erectus’, Rosmarinus officinalis ‘Prostratus’), and were planted together with Sedum album in a greenhouse or on a rooftop space. There were no net positive effects in the impacts of Companion Planting with S. album on plant biomass both in carpet and non-carpet species. However, Companion Planting with S. album had net positive effects on leaf health in L. stoechas, M. officinalis, M. pudica, and R. officinalis ‘Prostratus’, classified as non-carpet species. In contrast, there were no positive effects on carpet species, planted together with S. album. These results suggest that complementary growth forms could be one of the factors to determine effective Planting combinations to improve plant health conditions on extensive green roofs. Additionally, the increase in soil water content by suppressing evapotranspiration when water is limiting can be effective in improving leaf health conditions of neighbors in Companion Planting with S. album. While past studies have shown positive benefits of Companion Planting with CAM species, this experiment suggests the possibility that not all growth forms may benefit from facilitation by Sedum.
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Value of Sedum species as Companion plants for nectar-producing plants depends on leaf characteristics of the Sedum
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 2019Co-Authors: Tatsuya Matsuoka, Kazuaki Tsuchiya, Susumu Yamada, Jeremy T. Lundholm, Toshiya OkuroAbstract:Abstract Introducing nectar-producing plants to green roofs and other urban green infrastructure has been attempted to support pollinator activities. Green roofs can be drought-prone, placing limitations on the success of plant growth and nectar production in the absence of irrigation. Plant species differ greatly in water usage patterns, so Companion Planting with low and high water users has been proposed to increase performance of high water use species, including species important for urban pollinators. Additionally, crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) plants such as Sedum tend to have low water usage and are reported to improve health condition of neighbors. However, Sedum species differ in morphological and physiological traits such as leaf shapes and the speed at which they switch to CAM, resulting in water usage differences during drought that could affect neighboring plants. This study quantifies the effects of Companion Planting with CAM plants (Sedum album, Sedum kamtschaticum) on nectar-producing plants (Fagopyrum esculentum, Trifolium repens), focusing on target plant growth form and leaf traits of neighboring Sedum. The health condition of F. esuculentum and soil water contents were improved significantly when they were planted together with S. album, which has small leaves and rapid CAM induction. Therefore, suppression of evapotranspiration of neighboring CAM plants could have positive effects on erect growth form nectar species. In contrast, the health condition of T. repens, which shows prostrate growth, was not affected by neighboring CAM plant species. Judging from these results, growth characteristics including leaf traits of neighboring Sedum and growth forms of the target plants could be important factors determining the effects of Companion Planting in urban green infrastructure.