The Experts below are selected from a list of 103578 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Daniel Montesinos - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evidence for evolution of increased Competitive Ability for invasive centaurea solstitialis but not for naturalized c calcitrapa
Biological Invasions, 2019Co-Authors: Ryan C Graebner, Daniel Montesinos, Ragan M. CallawayAbstract:Congeneric species with the same native and non-native ranges, but exhibiting different invasiveness, provide opportunities to assess the relative importance of factors contributing to successful invasions. For example, comparing the Competitive Ability of such congeners against other species from the native and non-native regions of invasive species can provide insight into the role of evolutionary experience with different competitors. We selected two congeneric Centaurea species with overlapping native and non-native ranges but with strikingly different invasive success, Centaurea solstitialis and C. calcitrapa, and conducted experiments with populations from each region using a suite of different native grass species from each region. When grown with Spanish grass species, Competitive responses were 32% stronger for C. calcitrapa and 30% stronger for C. solstitialis, than when in competition with grasses native to California. Centaurea solstitialis from California had 66% higher Competitive effects on grasses, all species considered together, than Spanish C. solstitialis; whereas the Competitive effects of C. calcitrapa on grasses were not significantly different between C. calcitrapa ranges. Our results are consistent with the prediction that the evolution of increased Competitive Ability (EICA) might contribute to the devastating success of C. solstitialis in California, and that its absence might contribute to the modest naturalization of the non-invasive C. calcitrapa. Escape from the strong Competitive effects and responses of grasses from Spain may also contribute to invasive success in California. Our results suggest that studies of EICA should be based on Competitive tests, since biomass alone is not always a good predictor of Competitive Ability.
Zhenkai Sun - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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two year interactions between invasive solidago canadensis and soil decrease its subsequent growth and Competitive Ability
Journal of Plant Ecology, 2015Co-Authors: Lijia Dong, Zhenkai Sun, Yan GaoAbstract:† Abstract Aims Plant-soil interaction (P sI) has been implicated as a causative mech - anism promoting plant invasions, and some mechanisms underly - ing PsI effects remain unclear. Here, we attempted to address how altered soil microbes and nutrients influence P sI effects. Methods soil was cultured by an invasive forb Solidago canadensis for two years. We conducted an experiment, in which S. canadensis and Chinese natives were grown either alone or together in control and cultured soils, and determined the growth of S. canadensis and five natives and the Competitive Ability of S. canadensis. We ana - lyzed the microbial community composition and nutrients of two types of soils.
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nitrogen deposition enhances bromus tectorum invasion biogeographic differences in growth and Competitive Ability between china and north america
Ecography, 2011Co-Authors: Zhenkai SunAbstract:Increased resource supply commonly facilitates invasion by exotic plants, raising concerns over atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition; fast-growing annual invaders may have exceptional abilities to outperform native perennials in response to N pulses. However, it remains unclear whether this advantage is due to growth differences or to shifts in Competitive outcomes, and whether annual invaders are favored by N deposition in their introduced range over native range. We conducted an experiment to compare the growth and Competitive Ability of Bromus tectorum and its native perennial grasses either at three different N regimes or between China and North America. The soil used in this experiment was from mountain grasslands as a neutral growth medium. The total biomass of three natives from China and North America did not increase along the N deposition gradient. Nitrogen addition enhanced the growth of North American B. tectorum instead of Chinese B. tectorum. Nitrogen addition increased the Competitive Ability of B. tectorum, but had no effect on that of natives. North American B. tectorum was bigger and had greater Competitive Ability and root weight ratio than Chinese B. tectorum. In contrast, North American natives were less Competitive than Chinese natives. There was a significantly positive correlation between the growth of B. tectorum grown alone and its Competitive Ability. These findings suggest that N deposition may enhance the B. tectorum invasion through disproportionally increasing the growth and maintaining inherent Competitive advantages of North American B. tectorum, further increasing threats to introduced ranges. There were differences in the growth and Competitive Ability of B. tectorum and natives between China and North America, which explains why B. tectorum is a minor component at home and becomes a successful invader abroad.
Klaas Vrieling - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Parallel evolution in an invasive plant: effect of herbivores on Competitive Ability and regrowth of Jacobaea vulgaris.
Ecology letters, 2015Co-Authors: Tiantian Lin, Peter G. L. Klinkhamer, Klaas VrielingAbstract:A shift in the composition of the herbivore guild in the invasive range is expected to select for plants with a higher Competitive Ability, a lower regrowth capacity and a lower investment in defence. We show here that parallel evolution took place in three geographically distinct invasive regions that differed significantly in climatic conditions. This makes it most likely that indeed the shifts in herbivore guilds were causal to the evolutionary changes. We studied Competitive Ability and regrowth of invasive and native Jacobaea vulgaris using an intraspecific competition set-up with and without herbivory. Without herbivores invasive genotypes have a higher Competitive Ability than native genotypes. The invasive genotypes were less preferred by the generalist Mamestra brassicae but more preferred by the specialist Tyria jacobaeae, consequently their Competitive Ability was significantly increased by the first and reduced by the latter. Invasive genotypes showed a lower regrowth Ability in both herbivore treatments.
Ragan M. Callaway - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evidence for evolution of increased Competitive Ability for invasive centaurea solstitialis but not for naturalized c calcitrapa
Biological Invasions, 2019Co-Authors: Ryan C Graebner, Daniel Montesinos, Ragan M. CallawayAbstract:Congeneric species with the same native and non-native ranges, but exhibiting different invasiveness, provide opportunities to assess the relative importance of factors contributing to successful invasions. For example, comparing the Competitive Ability of such congeners against other species from the native and non-native regions of invasive species can provide insight into the role of evolutionary experience with different competitors. We selected two congeneric Centaurea species with overlapping native and non-native ranges but with strikingly different invasive success, Centaurea solstitialis and C. calcitrapa, and conducted experiments with populations from each region using a suite of different native grass species from each region. When grown with Spanish grass species, Competitive responses were 32% stronger for C. calcitrapa and 30% stronger for C. solstitialis, than when in competition with grasses native to California. Centaurea solstitialis from California had 66% higher Competitive effects on grasses, all species considered together, than Spanish C. solstitialis; whereas the Competitive effects of C. calcitrapa on grasses were not significantly different between C. calcitrapa ranges. Our results are consistent with the prediction that the evolution of increased Competitive Ability (EICA) might contribute to the devastating success of C. solstitialis in California, and that its absence might contribute to the modest naturalization of the non-invasive C. calcitrapa. Escape from the strong Competitive effects and responses of grasses from Spain may also contribute to invasive success in California. Our results suggest that studies of EICA should be based on Competitive tests, since biomass alone is not always a good predictor of Competitive Ability.
Ryan C Graebner - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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evidence for evolution of increased Competitive Ability for invasive centaurea solstitialis but not for naturalized c calcitrapa
Biological Invasions, 2019Co-Authors: Ryan C Graebner, Daniel Montesinos, Ragan M. CallawayAbstract:Congeneric species with the same native and non-native ranges, but exhibiting different invasiveness, provide opportunities to assess the relative importance of factors contributing to successful invasions. For example, comparing the Competitive Ability of such congeners against other species from the native and non-native regions of invasive species can provide insight into the role of evolutionary experience with different competitors. We selected two congeneric Centaurea species with overlapping native and non-native ranges but with strikingly different invasive success, Centaurea solstitialis and C. calcitrapa, and conducted experiments with populations from each region using a suite of different native grass species from each region. When grown with Spanish grass species, Competitive responses were 32% stronger for C. calcitrapa and 30% stronger for C. solstitialis, than when in competition with grasses native to California. Centaurea solstitialis from California had 66% higher Competitive effects on grasses, all species considered together, than Spanish C. solstitialis; whereas the Competitive effects of C. calcitrapa on grasses were not significantly different between C. calcitrapa ranges. Our results are consistent with the prediction that the evolution of increased Competitive Ability (EICA) might contribute to the devastating success of C. solstitialis in California, and that its absence might contribute to the modest naturalization of the non-invasive C. calcitrapa. Escape from the strong Competitive effects and responses of grasses from Spain may also contribute to invasive success in California. Our results suggest that studies of EICA should be based on Competitive tests, since biomass alone is not always a good predictor of Competitive Ability.
