The Experts below are selected from a list of 267 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Cindy H.p. Sit - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Physical activity of adolescents with and without disabilities from a Complete Enumeration study (n=128,803): school health promotion study 2017
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Päivi Sainio, Cindy H.p. SitAbstract:Evidence suggests that adolescent males take part in more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) than females, and that adolescents with disabilities participate in even less. Public health data are typically based on the international physical activity (PA) recommendations of at least 60 minutes of MVPA daily. However, it appears that data are lost because a person who reports MVPA 0–6 days a week is grouped together and is considered as ‘inactive’. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to report differences among adolescents with and without disabilities who were ‘active’ and ‘inactive’ and to explore differences by sex. A Complete Enumeration study (2017 School Health Promotion Survey; n = 128,803) of Finnish adolescents aged between 14–19 years old was conducted. The single item self-report MVPA was used with items from the Washington Group on Disability Statistics. Data were grouped into physiological and cognitive disabilities and were split into active and inactive adolescents based on the PA recommendations; subsequently, binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Data from the inactive participants were analyzed with multivariate analysis of covariance and effect sizes were reported. Approximately 10% of males and 17% of females reported disabilities. There were fewer adolescents with disabilities who took part in daily PA (OR = 0.90, CI = 0.85–0.94), especially among those with cognitive disabilities (OR = 0.86, CI = 0.82–0.91). There were more active male than female adolescents (OR = 1.48, CI = 1.43–1.52). Of the inactive adolescents, females reported similar MVPA to males, with and without disabilities after controlling for age, school type, and family financial situation. Inactive adolescents with walking difficulties reported the least amount of MVPA (males; mean = 2.24, CI = 2.03–2.44, females; mean = 2.18, CI = 1.99–2.37). The difference in means with adolescents without disabilities according to Cohen’s d effect size was medium for males (0.56) and females (0.58). The effect sizes from all other groups of disabilities were small. The difference in PA between males and females has diminished among the inactive groups, yet there is still a need to improve the gap between males and females, especially for those who meet the PA recommendations. More strategies are needed to improve MVPA among adolescents with disabilities, especially those with cognitive disabilities.
Susan J. Schroeder - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Crumple: An Efficient Tool to Explore Thoroughly the RNA Folding Landscape.
Methods in molecular biology (Clifton N.J.), 2016Co-Authors: Ivan Guerra, Susan J. SchroederAbstract:The folding landscape for an RNA sequence contains many diverse structures and motifs, which are often sampled rather than Completely explored. Today's supercomputers make the Complete Enumeration of all possible folds for an RNA and a detailed description of the RNA folding landscape a more feasible task. This chapter provides protocols for using the Crumple folding algorithm, an efficient tool to generate all possible non-pseudoknotted folds for an RNA sequence. Crumple in conjunction with Sliding Windows and Assembly can incorporate experimental constraints on the global features of an RNA, such as the minimum number and lengths of helices, which may be determined by crystallography or cryo-electron microscopy. This Complete Enumeration method is independent of free-energy minimization and allows the user to incorporate experimental data such as chemical probing, SELEX data on RNA-protein binding motifs, and phylogenetic covariation.
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Crumple: a method for Complete Enumeration of all possible pseudoknot-free RNA secondary structures.
PloS one, 2012Co-Authors: Samuel Bleckley, Jonathan W. Stone, Susan J. SchroederAbstract:The diverse landscape of RNA conformational space includes many canyons and crevices that are distant from the lowest minimum free energy valley and remain unexplored by traditional RNA structure prediction methods. A Complete description of the entire RNA folding landscape can facilitate identification of biologically important conformations. The Crumple algorithm rapidly enumerates all possible non-pseudoknotted structures for an RNA sequence without consideration of thermodynamics while filtering the output with experimental data. The Crumple algorithm provides an alternative approach to traditional free energy minimization programs for RNA secondary structure prediction. A Complete computation of all non-pseudoknotted secondary structures can reveal structures that would not be predicted by methods that sample the RNA folding landscape based on thermodynamic predictions. The free energy minimization approach is often successful but is limited by not considering RNA tertiary and protein interactions and the possibility that kinetics rather than thermodynamics determines the functional RNA fold. Efficient parallel computing and filters based on experimental data make practical the Complete Enumeration of all non-pseudoknotted structures. Efficient parallel computing for Crumple is implemented in a ring graph approach. Filters for experimental data include constraints from chemical probing of solvent accessibility, enzymatic cleavage of paired or unpaired nucleotides, phylogenetic covariation, and the minimum number and lengths of helices determined from crystallography or cryo-electron microscopy. The minimum number and length of helices has a significant effect on reducing conformational space. Pairing constraints reduce conformational space more than single nucleotide constraints. Examples with Alfalfa Mosaic Virus RNA and Trypanosome brucei guide RNA demonstrate the importance of evaluating all possible structures when pseduoknots, RNA-protein interactions, and metastable structures are important for biological function. Crumple software is freely available at http://adenosine.chem.ou.edu/software.html.
Marius Eich - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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on the correct and Complete Enumeration of the core search space
International Conference on Management of Data, 2013Co-Authors: Guido Moerkotte, Pit Fender, Marius EichAbstract:Reordering more than traditional joins (e.g. outerjoins, antijoins) requires some care, since not all reorderings are valid. To prevent invalid plans, two approaches have been described in the literature. We show that both approaches still produce invalid plans. We present three conflict detectors. All of them are (1) correct, i.e., prevent invalid plans, (2) easier to understand and implement than the previous (buggy) approaches, (3) more flexible in the sense that the restriction that all predicates must reject nulls is no longer required, and (4) extensible in the sense that it is easy to add new operators. Further, the last of our three approaches is Complete, i.e., it allows for the generation of all valid plans within the core search space.
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SIGMOD Conference - On the correct and Complete Enumeration of the core search space
Proceedings of the 2013 international conference on Management of data - SIGMOD '13, 2013Co-Authors: Guido Moerkotte, Pit Fender, Marius EichAbstract:Reordering more than traditional joins (e.g. outerjoins, antijoins) requires some care, since not all reorderings are valid. To prevent invalid plans, two approaches have been described in the literature. We show that both approaches still produce invalid plans. We present three conflict detectors. All of them are (1) correct, i.e., prevent invalid plans, (2) easier to understand and implement than the previous (buggy) approaches, (3) more flexible in the sense that the restriction that all predicates must reject nulls is no longer required, and (4) extensible in the sense that it is easy to add new operators. Further, the last of our three approaches is Complete, i.e., it allows for the generation of all valid plans within the core search space.
Päivi Sainio - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Physical activity of adolescents with and without disabilities from a Complete Enumeration study (n=128,803): school health promotion study 2017
International journal of environmental research and public health, 2019Co-Authors: Päivi Sainio, Cindy H.p. SitAbstract:Evidence suggests that adolescent males take part in more moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) than females, and that adolescents with disabilities participate in even less. Public health data are typically based on the international physical activity (PA) recommendations of at least 60 minutes of MVPA daily. However, it appears that data are lost because a person who reports MVPA 0–6 days a week is grouped together and is considered as ‘inactive’. Therefore, the purposes of this study were to report differences among adolescents with and without disabilities who were ‘active’ and ‘inactive’ and to explore differences by sex. A Complete Enumeration study (2017 School Health Promotion Survey; n = 128,803) of Finnish adolescents aged between 14–19 years old was conducted. The single item self-report MVPA was used with items from the Washington Group on Disability Statistics. Data were grouped into physiological and cognitive disabilities and were split into active and inactive adolescents based on the PA recommendations; subsequently, binary logistic regression analyses were performed. Data from the inactive participants were analyzed with multivariate analysis of covariance and effect sizes were reported. Approximately 10% of males and 17% of females reported disabilities. There were fewer adolescents with disabilities who took part in daily PA (OR = 0.90, CI = 0.85–0.94), especially among those with cognitive disabilities (OR = 0.86, CI = 0.82–0.91). There were more active male than female adolescents (OR = 1.48, CI = 1.43–1.52). Of the inactive adolescents, females reported similar MVPA to males, with and without disabilities after controlling for age, school type, and family financial situation. Inactive adolescents with walking difficulties reported the least amount of MVPA (males; mean = 2.24, CI = 2.03–2.44, females; mean = 2.18, CI = 1.99–2.37). The difference in means with adolescents without disabilities according to Cohen’s d effect size was medium for males (0.56) and females (0.58). The effect sizes from all other groups of disabilities were small. The difference in PA between males and females has diminished among the inactive groups, yet there is still a need to improve the gap between males and females, especially for those who meet the PA recommendations. More strategies are needed to improve MVPA among adolescents with disabilities, especially those with cognitive disabilities.
Fumio Shiraga - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Incidence and causes of visual impairment in Japan: the first nation-wide Complete Enumeration survey of newly certified visually impaired individuals
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology, 2019Co-Authors: Yuki Morizane, Noriko Morimoto, Atsushi Fujiwara, Ryo Kawasaki, Hidetoshi Yamashita, Yuichiro Ogura, Fumio ShiragaAbstract:Purpose To investigate the visual impairment certification status in Japan. Study design Observational cross-sectional study. Methods We asked all welfare offices throughout Japan to submit data concerning age, sex, causative diseases, and visual impairment grades for newly certified visually impaired individuals aged ≥ 18 years in the fiscal year of 2015. The certification was based on criteria of the Act on Welfare of Physically Disabled Persons. Results In total, data were collected for 12,505 newly certified visually impaired individuals. The most common age group for these individuals was 80-89 years (29.6%), followed by 70-79 (26.3%) and 60-69 (17.3%) years. The most common causative disease was glaucoma (28.6%), followed by retinitis pigmentosa (14.0%), diabetic retinopathy (12.8%), and macular degeneration (8.0%). Glaucoma was the most common causative disease in both sexes (30.2% in men and 27.0% in women). The most common impairment grade was grade 2 (31.8%), followed by grades 5 (24.3%) and grade 1 (16.1%). The number of visually impaired individuals with underlying glaucoma had increased in comparison with the number in the most recent surveys (from fiscal years 2007 to 2009), whereas the number of individuals with underlying diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration had decreased. Conclusion To our knowledge, this is the first nation-wide Complete Enumeration survey of newly certified visually impaired individuals in Japan. These findings may contribute to administrative activities concerning medical welfare as well as educational activities for preventing visual impairment.
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Incidence and causes of visual impairment in Japan: the first nation-wide Complete Enumeration survey of newly certified visually impaired individuals.
Japanese journal of ophthalmology, 2018Co-Authors: Yuki Morizane, Noriko Morimoto, Atsushi Fujiwara, Ryo Kawasaki, Hidetoshi Yamashita, Yuichiro Ogura, Fumio ShiragaAbstract:To investigate the visual impairment certification status in Japan. Observational cross-sectional study. We asked all welfare offices throughout Japan to submit data concerning age, sex, causative diseases, and visual impairment grades for newly certified visually impaired individuals aged ≥ 18 years in the fiscal year of 2015. The certification was based on criteria of the Act on Welfare of Physically Disabled Persons. In total, data were collected for 12,505 newly certified visually impaired individuals. The most common age group for these individuals was 80-89 years (29.6%), followed by 70-79 (26.3%) and 60-69 (17.3%) years. The most common causative disease was glaucoma (28.6%), followed by retinitis pigmentosa (14.0%), diabetic retinopathy (12.8%), and macular degeneration (8.0%). Glaucoma was the most common causative disease in both sexes (30.2% in men and 27.0% in women). The most common impairment grade was grade 2 (31.8%), followed by grades 5 (24.3%) and grade 1 (16.1%). The number of visually impaired individuals with underlying glaucoma had increased in comparison with the number in the most recent surveys (from fiscal years 2007 to 2009), whereas the number of individuals with underlying diabetic retinopathy and macular degeneration had decreased. To our knowledge, this is the first nation-wide Complete Enumeration survey of newly certified visually impaired individuals in Japan. These findings may contribute to administrative activities concerning medical welfare as well as educational activities for preventing visual impairment.