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Hamid M Lankarani - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lumbar load estimation for a madymo faa hybrid iii scalable dummy
ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 2015Co-Authors: Yi Yang Tay, Yong Cai, Hamid M LankaraniAbstract:The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has a number of regulations aimed at protecting occupants in the event of a crash. The Code of Federal Regulations, 14 CFR 25.562, describes the Compliance regulation for transport category aircraft, with similar regulations for other types of aircraft in Parts 23, 27 and 29. One of the required tests is the dynamic impact with a Hybrid-II or a FAA Hybrid-III 50th percentile dummy seated on a 60-degree pitched seat, with an input deceleration/acceleration pulse acting primarily on the mid-sagittal plane of the dummy. In particular, an important Compliance criterion is that the lumbar/pelvic load must be below the 1,500 lb (6,672 N) Compliance Limit. The objective of this study is to develop a reasonable approach to estimate the lumbar load tolerance for potential future expansion of lumbar load regulations for other dummy sizes such as an FAA Hybrid-III 5th and 95th percentile dummy. To accomplish this, the lumbar load measured with the Hybrid-II and the FAA Hybrid-III 50th percentile dummy when subjected to the 19 g rigid seat impact tests and simulations are correlated and discussed. The FAA Hybrid-III 50th percentile dummy is then scaled to the 5th and 95th percentile sizes based on GEBOD database. The dynamic behavior of the scaled FAA dummies in the 19 g sled simulation using an ideal acceleration pulse is then simulated and their corresponding lumbar loads are estimated. The dummy models utilized are obtained from the MADYMO crash test dummy database and the dynamic impact simulations are solved using the non-linear multibody dynamic solver, MADYMO. This study proposes the lumbar load tolerances for the 5th and 95th percentile sizes represented by the scaled FAA dummies by correlating their lumbar loads to the Dynamic Response Index (DRI) values. In this study, the lumbar load tolerance values for the 5th and 95th percentiles are proposed to be 870.4 lb (3,871.7 N) and 1772.9 lb (7,886.3 N), respectively. A comparison of the lumbar load tolerances proposed from this study and other sources is also presented.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Lankarani, Hamid M. - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lumbar load estimation for a MADYMO FAA Hybrid-III scalable dummy
American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016Co-Authors: Tay, Yi Yang, Cai Yong, Lankarani, Hamid M.Abstract:Click on the DOI link to access the article (may not be free).The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has a number of regulations aimed at protecting occupants in the event of a crash. The Code of Federal Regulations, 14 CFR 25.562, describes the Compliance regulation for transport category aircraft, with similar regulations for other types of aircraft in Parts 23, 27 and 29. One of the required tests is the dynamic impact with a Hybrid-II or a FAA Hybrid-III 50th percentile dummy seated on a 60-degree pitched seat, with an input deceleration/acceleration pulse acting primarily on the midsagittal plane of the dummy. In particular, an important Compliance criterion is that the lumbar/pelvic load must be below the 1,500 lb (6,672 N) Compliance Limit. The objective of this study is to develop a reasonable approach to estimate the " lumbar load tolerance for potential future expansion of lumbar load regulations for other dummy sizes such as an FAA Hybrid III 5th and 95th percentile dummy. To accomplish this, the lumbar load measured with the Hybrid-II and the FAA Hybrid III 50th percentile dummy when subjected to the 19 g rigid seat impact tests and simulations are correlated and discussed. The FAA Hybrid-III 50th percentile dummy is then scaled to the 5th and 95th percentile sizes based on GEBOD database. The dynamic behavior of the scaled FAA dummies in the 19 g sled simulation using an ideal acceleration pulse is then simulated and their corresponding lumbar loads are estimated. The dummy models utilized are obtained from the MADYMO crash test dummy database and the dynamic impact simulations are solved using the non-linear multibody dynamic solver, MADYMO. This study proposes the lumbar load tolerances for the 5th and 95th percentile sizes represented by the scaled FAA dummies by correlating their lumbar loads to the Dynamic Response Index (DRI) values. In this study, the lumbar load tolerance values for the 5th and 95th percentiles are proposed to be 870.4 lb (3,871.7 N) and 1772.9 lb (7,886.3 N), respectively. A comparison of the lumbar load tolerances proposed from this study and other sources is also presented
Yi Yang Tay - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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lumbar load estimation for a madymo faa hybrid iii scalable dummy
ASME 2015 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition, 2015Co-Authors: Yi Yang Tay, Yong Cai, Hamid M LankaraniAbstract:The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has a number of regulations aimed at protecting occupants in the event of a crash. The Code of Federal Regulations, 14 CFR 25.562, describes the Compliance regulation for transport category aircraft, with similar regulations for other types of aircraft in Parts 23, 27 and 29. One of the required tests is the dynamic impact with a Hybrid-II or a FAA Hybrid-III 50th percentile dummy seated on a 60-degree pitched seat, with an input deceleration/acceleration pulse acting primarily on the mid-sagittal plane of the dummy. In particular, an important Compliance criterion is that the lumbar/pelvic load must be below the 1,500 lb (6,672 N) Compliance Limit. The objective of this study is to develop a reasonable approach to estimate the lumbar load tolerance for potential future expansion of lumbar load regulations for other dummy sizes such as an FAA Hybrid-III 5th and 95th percentile dummy. To accomplish this, the lumbar load measured with the Hybrid-II and the FAA Hybrid-III 50th percentile dummy when subjected to the 19 g rigid seat impact tests and simulations are correlated and discussed. The FAA Hybrid-III 50th percentile dummy is then scaled to the 5th and 95th percentile sizes based on GEBOD database. The dynamic behavior of the scaled FAA dummies in the 19 g sled simulation using an ideal acceleration pulse is then simulated and their corresponding lumbar loads are estimated. The dummy models utilized are obtained from the MADYMO crash test dummy database and the dynamic impact simulations are solved using the non-linear multibody dynamic solver, MADYMO. This study proposes the lumbar load tolerances for the 5th and 95th percentile sizes represented by the scaled FAA dummies by correlating their lumbar loads to the Dynamic Response Index (DRI) values. In this study, the lumbar load tolerance values for the 5th and 95th percentiles are proposed to be 870.4 lb (3,871.7 N) and 1772.9 lb (7,886.3 N), respectively. A comparison of the lumbar load tolerances proposed from this study and other sources is also presented.Copyright © 2015 by ASME
Tay, Yi Yang - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Lumbar load estimation for a MADYMO FAA Hybrid-III scalable dummy
American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016Co-Authors: Tay, Yi Yang, Cai Yong, Lankarani, Hamid M.Abstract:Click on the DOI link to access the article (may not be free).The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has a number of regulations aimed at protecting occupants in the event of a crash. The Code of Federal Regulations, 14 CFR 25.562, describes the Compliance regulation for transport category aircraft, with similar regulations for other types of aircraft in Parts 23, 27 and 29. One of the required tests is the dynamic impact with a Hybrid-II or a FAA Hybrid-III 50th percentile dummy seated on a 60-degree pitched seat, with an input deceleration/acceleration pulse acting primarily on the midsagittal plane of the dummy. In particular, an important Compliance criterion is that the lumbar/pelvic load must be below the 1,500 lb (6,672 N) Compliance Limit. The objective of this study is to develop a reasonable approach to estimate the " lumbar load tolerance for potential future expansion of lumbar load regulations for other dummy sizes such as an FAA Hybrid III 5th and 95th percentile dummy. To accomplish this, the lumbar load measured with the Hybrid-II and the FAA Hybrid III 50th percentile dummy when subjected to the 19 g rigid seat impact tests and simulations are correlated and discussed. The FAA Hybrid-III 50th percentile dummy is then scaled to the 5th and 95th percentile sizes based on GEBOD database. The dynamic behavior of the scaled FAA dummies in the 19 g sled simulation using an ideal acceleration pulse is then simulated and their corresponding lumbar loads are estimated. The dummy models utilized are obtained from the MADYMO crash test dummy database and the dynamic impact simulations are solved using the non-linear multibody dynamic solver, MADYMO. This study proposes the lumbar load tolerances for the 5th and 95th percentile sizes represented by the scaled FAA dummies by correlating their lumbar loads to the Dynamic Response Index (DRI) values. In this study, the lumbar load tolerance values for the 5th and 95th percentiles are proposed to be 870.4 lb (3,871.7 N) and 1772.9 lb (7,886.3 N), respectively. A comparison of the lumbar load tolerances proposed from this study and other sources is also presented
R F A Logan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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risks costs and Compliance Limit colorectal adenoma surveillance lessons from a randomised trial
Gut, 2001Co-Authors: Jonathan N Lund, J H Scholefield, Matthew J Grainge, S J Smith, C M Mangham, N C Armitage, Martin Robinson, R F A LoganAbstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS—In the USA and many other countries, endoscopic surveillance of colorectal adenoma patients is now widely practised. However, the optimal frequency and mode of such surveillance are not yet established. The aim of this trial was to compare surveillance at one, two, or five year intervals using either flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy. METHODS—Analysis of a randomised trial of flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy over one, two, or five years after stratification for "high" or "low" risk of recurrent adenomas. The trial started in 1984. RESULTS—A total of 776 patients were stratified into "high" (n=307) and "low" (n=469) recurrence risk groups and randomised to flexible sigmoidoscopy or colonoscopy at varying intervals. Only 81 recurrent adenomas (30/81 were >1 cm in diameter) were detected in the 2307 person years of follow up within the surveillance study. Adenoma recurrence was significantly higher in the high risk group (relative rate 1.82; 95% confidence interval 1.2-2.9) but recurrence rates per 1000 person years were low and not significantly different in those surveyed by colonoscopy or flexible sigmoidoscopy. Loss to follow up was greatest in those having an annual examination compared with two or five yearly surveillance examinations. Despite surveillance, invasive cancer developed in four patients compared with an expected value of 9.12 for the general population in England (p=0.10); of these four patients who developed cancers, only one was detected by surveillance examination. CONCLUSIONS—Adenoma recurrence rates were much lower than expected in both high and low risk groups. This suggests that endoscopic surveillance should be targeted at high risk groups. A surveillance interval of five years was as effective as shorter intervals in terms of cancer prevention, and was associated with similar Compliance to two yearly examinations. Keywords: adenoma; polyp; colorectal cancer; surveillance; colonoscopy