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Gerald W. Feigenson - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phase diagram of a 4 Component lipid mixture dspc dopc popc chol
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:Abstract We report the first 4-Component Phase diagram for the lipid bilayer mixture, DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol (distearoylphosphatidylcholine/dioleoylphosphatidylcholine/1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol). This Phase diagram, which has macroscopic Ld + Lo Phase domains, clearly shows that all Phase boundaries determined for the 3-Component mixture containing DOPC transition smoothly into the boundaries for the 3-Component mixture containing POPC, which has nanoscopic Phase domains of Ld + Lo. Our studies start from two published ternary Phase diagrams, and show how these can be combined into a quaternary Phase diagram by study of a few hundred samples of intermediate compositions.
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Phase diagram of a 4-Component lipid mixture: DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:Abstract We report the first 4-Component Phase diagram for the lipid bilayer mixture, DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol (distearoylphosphatidylcholine/dioleoylphosphatidylcholine/1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol). This Phase diagram, which has macroscopic Ld + Lo Phase domains, clearly shows that all Phase boundaries determined for the 3-Component mixture containing DOPC transition smoothly into the boundaries for the 3-Component mixture containing POPC, which has nanoscopic Phase domains of Ld + Lo. Our studies start from two published ternary Phase diagrams, and show how these can be combined into a quaternary Phase diagram by study of a few hundred samples of intermediate compositions.
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four Component Phase diagrams for dspc dopc popc chol and dspc dopc sopc chol bilayer mixtures
Biophysical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Thomas Torng, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:We report the Phase diagram for the four-Component DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol mixture and compare it to our recent findings for the DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixture. Four-Component mixtures allow exploring the transition from macroscopic-to-nanoscopic domains. We have found modulated Phase morphology in a particular region of composition within the liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) coexistence region in DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixtures. Overall, we conclude the following: (1) Phase diagrams are very similar with shifts observed in Phase boundaries; (2) Comparing the Phase behavior of the two mixtures, the striking difference is in the compositional location where modulated Phases are seen: the SOPC-containing mixture requires much higher DOPC concentration to form modulated Phases. This observation is consistent with lower line tension in the SOPC-containing mixtures as compared to the POPC-containing mixtures; (3) By controlling lipid composition, we observe distinct types of modulated liquid-liquid Phase morphologies, including linear, irregular, and angular features in GUVs. These studies show that both the size and morphology of membrane rafts are controlled by the mixture composition and the type of low-melting lipid in mixtures with high-melting lipid and cholesterol.View Large Image | View Hi-Res Image | Download PowerPoint Slide
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Four-Component Phase Diagrams for DSPC/DOPC/POPC/CHOL and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/CHOL Bilayer Mixtures
Biophysical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Thomas Torng, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:We report the Phase diagram for the four-Component DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol mixture and compare it to our recent findings for the DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixture. Four-Component mixtures allow exploring the transition from macroscopic-to-nanoscopic domains. We have found modulated Phase morphology in a particular region of composition within the liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) coexistence region in DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixtures. Overall, we conclude the following: (1) Phase diagrams are very similar with shifts observed in Phase boundaries; (2) Comparing the Phase behavior of the two mixtures, the striking difference is in the compositional location where modulated Phases are seen: the SOPC-containing mixture requires much higher DOPC concentration to form modulated Phases. This observation is consistent with lower line tension in the SOPC-containing mixtures as compared to the POPC-containing mixtures; (3) By controlling lipid composition, we observe distinct types of modulated liquid-liquid Phase morphologies, including linear, irregular, and angular features in GUVs. These studies show that both the size and morphology of membrane rafts are controlled by the mixture composition and the type of low-melting lipid in mixtures with high-melting lipid and cholesterol.View Large Image | View Hi-Res Image | Download PowerPoint Slide
Tatyana M. Konyakhina - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phase diagram of a 4 Component lipid mixture dspc dopc popc chol
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:Abstract We report the first 4-Component Phase diagram for the lipid bilayer mixture, DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol (distearoylphosphatidylcholine/dioleoylphosphatidylcholine/1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol). This Phase diagram, which has macroscopic Ld + Lo Phase domains, clearly shows that all Phase boundaries determined for the 3-Component mixture containing DOPC transition smoothly into the boundaries for the 3-Component mixture containing POPC, which has nanoscopic Phase domains of Ld + Lo. Our studies start from two published ternary Phase diagrams, and show how these can be combined into a quaternary Phase diagram by study of a few hundred samples of intermediate compositions.
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Phase diagram of a 4-Component lipid mixture: DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:Abstract We report the first 4-Component Phase diagram for the lipid bilayer mixture, DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol (distearoylphosphatidylcholine/dioleoylphosphatidylcholine/1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol). This Phase diagram, which has macroscopic Ld + Lo Phase domains, clearly shows that all Phase boundaries determined for the 3-Component mixture containing DOPC transition smoothly into the boundaries for the 3-Component mixture containing POPC, which has nanoscopic Phase domains of Ld + Lo. Our studies start from two published ternary Phase diagrams, and show how these can be combined into a quaternary Phase diagram by study of a few hundred samples of intermediate compositions.
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four Component Phase diagrams for dspc dopc popc chol and dspc dopc sopc chol bilayer mixtures
Biophysical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Thomas Torng, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:We report the Phase diagram for the four-Component DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol mixture and compare it to our recent findings for the DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixture. Four-Component mixtures allow exploring the transition from macroscopic-to-nanoscopic domains. We have found modulated Phase morphology in a particular region of composition within the liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) coexistence region in DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixtures. Overall, we conclude the following: (1) Phase diagrams are very similar with shifts observed in Phase boundaries; (2) Comparing the Phase behavior of the two mixtures, the striking difference is in the compositional location where modulated Phases are seen: the SOPC-containing mixture requires much higher DOPC concentration to form modulated Phases. This observation is consistent with lower line tension in the SOPC-containing mixtures as compared to the POPC-containing mixtures; (3) By controlling lipid composition, we observe distinct types of modulated liquid-liquid Phase morphologies, including linear, irregular, and angular features in GUVs. These studies show that both the size and morphology of membrane rafts are controlled by the mixture composition and the type of low-melting lipid in mixtures with high-melting lipid and cholesterol.View Large Image | View Hi-Res Image | Download PowerPoint Slide
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Four-Component Phase Diagrams for DSPC/DOPC/POPC/CHOL and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/CHOL Bilayer Mixtures
Biophysical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Thomas Torng, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:We report the Phase diagram for the four-Component DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol mixture and compare it to our recent findings for the DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixture. Four-Component mixtures allow exploring the transition from macroscopic-to-nanoscopic domains. We have found modulated Phase morphology in a particular region of composition within the liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) coexistence region in DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixtures. Overall, we conclude the following: (1) Phase diagrams are very similar with shifts observed in Phase boundaries; (2) Comparing the Phase behavior of the two mixtures, the striking difference is in the compositional location where modulated Phases are seen: the SOPC-containing mixture requires much higher DOPC concentration to form modulated Phases. This observation is consistent with lower line tension in the SOPC-containing mixtures as compared to the POPC-containing mixtures; (3) By controlling lipid composition, we observe distinct types of modulated liquid-liquid Phase morphologies, including linear, irregular, and angular features in GUVs. These studies show that both the size and morphology of membrane rafts are controlled by the mixture composition and the type of low-melting lipid in mixtures with high-melting lipid and cholesterol.View Large Image | View Hi-Res Image | Download PowerPoint Slide
James D. Mastroianni - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phase diagram of a 4 Component lipid mixture dspc dopc popc chol
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:Abstract We report the first 4-Component Phase diagram for the lipid bilayer mixture, DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol (distearoylphosphatidylcholine/dioleoylphosphatidylcholine/1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol). This Phase diagram, which has macroscopic Ld + Lo Phase domains, clearly shows that all Phase boundaries determined for the 3-Component mixture containing DOPC transition smoothly into the boundaries for the 3-Component mixture containing POPC, which has nanoscopic Phase domains of Ld + Lo. Our studies start from two published ternary Phase diagrams, and show how these can be combined into a quaternary Phase diagram by study of a few hundred samples of intermediate compositions.
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Phase diagram of a 4-Component lipid mixture: DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:Abstract We report the first 4-Component Phase diagram for the lipid bilayer mixture, DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol (distearoylphosphatidylcholine/dioleoylphosphatidylcholine/1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol). This Phase diagram, which has macroscopic Ld + Lo Phase domains, clearly shows that all Phase boundaries determined for the 3-Component mixture containing DOPC transition smoothly into the boundaries for the 3-Component mixture containing POPC, which has nanoscopic Phase domains of Ld + Lo. Our studies start from two published ternary Phase diagrams, and show how these can be combined into a quaternary Phase diagram by study of a few hundred samples of intermediate compositions.
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four Component Phase diagrams for dspc dopc popc chol and dspc dopc sopc chol bilayer mixtures
Biophysical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Thomas Torng, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:We report the Phase diagram for the four-Component DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol mixture and compare it to our recent findings for the DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixture. Four-Component mixtures allow exploring the transition from macroscopic-to-nanoscopic domains. We have found modulated Phase morphology in a particular region of composition within the liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) coexistence region in DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixtures. Overall, we conclude the following: (1) Phase diagrams are very similar with shifts observed in Phase boundaries; (2) Comparing the Phase behavior of the two mixtures, the striking difference is in the compositional location where modulated Phases are seen: the SOPC-containing mixture requires much higher DOPC concentration to form modulated Phases. This observation is consistent with lower line tension in the SOPC-containing mixtures as compared to the POPC-containing mixtures; (3) By controlling lipid composition, we observe distinct types of modulated liquid-liquid Phase morphologies, including linear, irregular, and angular features in GUVs. These studies show that both the size and morphology of membrane rafts are controlled by the mixture composition and the type of low-melting lipid in mixtures with high-melting lipid and cholesterol.View Large Image | View Hi-Res Image | Download PowerPoint Slide
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Four-Component Phase Diagrams for DSPC/DOPC/POPC/CHOL and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/CHOL Bilayer Mixtures
Biophysical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Thomas Torng, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:We report the Phase diagram for the four-Component DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol mixture and compare it to our recent findings for the DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixture. Four-Component mixtures allow exploring the transition from macroscopic-to-nanoscopic domains. We have found modulated Phase morphology in a particular region of composition within the liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) coexistence region in DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixtures. Overall, we conclude the following: (1) Phase diagrams are very similar with shifts observed in Phase boundaries; (2) Comparing the Phase behavior of the two mixtures, the striking difference is in the compositional location where modulated Phases are seen: the SOPC-containing mixture requires much higher DOPC concentration to form modulated Phases. This observation is consistent with lower line tension in the SOPC-containing mixtures as compared to the POPC-containing mixtures; (3) By controlling lipid composition, we observe distinct types of modulated liquid-liquid Phase morphologies, including linear, irregular, and angular features in GUVs. These studies show that both the size and morphology of membrane rafts are controlled by the mixture composition and the type of low-melting lipid in mixtures with high-melting lipid and cholesterol.View Large Image | View Hi-Res Image | Download PowerPoint Slide
Frederick A. Heberle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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Phase diagram of a 4 Component lipid mixture dspc dopc popc chol
Biochimica et Biophysica Acta, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:Abstract We report the first 4-Component Phase diagram for the lipid bilayer mixture, DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol (distearoylphosphatidylcholine/dioleoylphosphatidylcholine/1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol). This Phase diagram, which has macroscopic Ld + Lo Phase domains, clearly shows that all Phase boundaries determined for the 3-Component mixture containing DOPC transition smoothly into the boundaries for the 3-Component mixture containing POPC, which has nanoscopic Phase domains of Ld + Lo. Our studies start from two published ternary Phase diagrams, and show how these can be combined into a quaternary Phase diagram by study of a few hundred samples of intermediate compositions.
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Phase diagram of a 4-Component lipid mixture: DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:Abstract We report the first 4-Component Phase diagram for the lipid bilayer mixture, DSPC/DOPC/POPC/chol (distearoylphosphatidylcholine/dioleoylphosphatidylcholine/1-palmitoyl, 2-oleoylphosphatidylcholine/cholesterol). This Phase diagram, which has macroscopic Ld + Lo Phase domains, clearly shows that all Phase boundaries determined for the 3-Component mixture containing DOPC transition smoothly into the boundaries for the 3-Component mixture containing POPC, which has nanoscopic Phase domains of Ld + Lo. Our studies start from two published ternary Phase diagrams, and show how these can be combined into a quaternary Phase diagram by study of a few hundred samples of intermediate compositions.
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four Component Phase diagrams for dspc dopc popc chol and dspc dopc sopc chol bilayer mixtures
Biophysical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Thomas Torng, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:We report the Phase diagram for the four-Component DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol mixture and compare it to our recent findings for the DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixture. Four-Component mixtures allow exploring the transition from macroscopic-to-nanoscopic domains. We have found modulated Phase morphology in a particular region of composition within the liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) coexistence region in DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixtures. Overall, we conclude the following: (1) Phase diagrams are very similar with shifts observed in Phase boundaries; (2) Comparing the Phase behavior of the two mixtures, the striking difference is in the compositional location where modulated Phases are seen: the SOPC-containing mixture requires much higher DOPC concentration to form modulated Phases. This observation is consistent with lower line tension in the SOPC-containing mixtures as compared to the POPC-containing mixtures; (3) By controlling lipid composition, we observe distinct types of modulated liquid-liquid Phase morphologies, including linear, irregular, and angular features in GUVs. These studies show that both the size and morphology of membrane rafts are controlled by the mixture composition and the type of low-melting lipid in mixtures with high-melting lipid and cholesterol.View Large Image | View Hi-Res Image | Download PowerPoint Slide
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Four-Component Phase Diagrams for DSPC/DOPC/POPC/CHOL and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/CHOL Bilayer Mixtures
Biophysical Journal, 2013Co-Authors: Tatyana M. Konyakhina, Frederick A. Heberle, James D. Mastroianni, Thomas Torng, Gerald W. FeigensonAbstract:We report the Phase diagram for the four-Component DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol mixture and compare it to our recent findings for the DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixture. Four-Component mixtures allow exploring the transition from macroscopic-to-nanoscopic domains. We have found modulated Phase morphology in a particular region of composition within the liquid-ordered (Lo) and liquid-disordered (Ld) coexistence region in DSPC/DOPC/POPC/Chol and DSPC/DOPC/SOPC/Chol mixtures. Overall, we conclude the following: (1) Phase diagrams are very similar with shifts observed in Phase boundaries; (2) Comparing the Phase behavior of the two mixtures, the striking difference is in the compositional location where modulated Phases are seen: the SOPC-containing mixture requires much higher DOPC concentration to form modulated Phases. This observation is consistent with lower line tension in the SOPC-containing mixtures as compared to the POPC-containing mixtures; (3) By controlling lipid composition, we observe distinct types of modulated liquid-liquid Phase morphologies, including linear, irregular, and angular features in GUVs. These studies show that both the size and morphology of membrane rafts are controlled by the mixture composition and the type of low-melting lipid in mixtures with high-melting lipid and cholesterol.View Large Image | View Hi-Res Image | Download PowerPoint Slide
Brian C J Moore - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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frequency discrimination of complex tones by hearing impaired subjects evidence for loss of ability to use temporal fine structure
Hearing Research, 2006Co-Authors: Brian C J Moore, Brian R Glasberg, Kathryn HopkinsAbstract:For normally hearing subjects, thresholds for discriminating the fundamental frequency (F0) of a complex tone, F0DLs, increase when the number of the lowest harmonic, N, is above eight. A previous study showed that F0DLs were affected by Component Phase for N above 7, and it was argued that the increase in F0DLs with increasing N reflects a loss of temporal fine structure information. Here, subjects with moderate hearing loss were tested in a similar experiment. F0DLs were measured for tones with three successive harmonics, added in cosine or alternating Phase. The center frequency was 2000 Hz. N was varied by changing the mean F0. A background noise was used to mask combination tones. F0 was roved across trials and N was roved by +/-1, to reduce use of excitation pattern cues. F0DLs were smaller for cosine than for alternating Phase for four out of six subjects, and this occurred once N exceeded 5. In contrast to the result for normally hearing subjects, F0DLs decreased with increasing N. Performance was much worse than obtained for normally hearing subjects at the same center frequency, suggesting that most of the hearing-impaired subjects had a poor ability to use temporal fine structure information.
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frequency discrimination of complex tones assessing the role of Component resolvability and temporal fine structure
Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2006Co-Authors: Brian C J Moore, Brian R Glasberg, Helen J Flanagan, Joe C AdamsAbstract:Thresholds for discriminating the fundamental frequency (F0) of a complex tone, F0DLs, are small when low harmonics are present, but increase when the number of the lowest harmonic, N, is above eight. To assess whether the relatively small F0DLs for N in the range 8–10 are based on (partly) resolved harmonics or on temporal fine structure information, F0DLs were measured as a function of N for tones with three successive harmonics which were added either in cosine or alternating Phase. The center frequency was 2000Hz, and N was varied by changing the mean F0. A background noise was used to mask combination tones. The value of F0 was roved across trials to force subjects to make within-trial comparisons. N was roved by ±1 for every stimulus, to prevent subjects from using excitation pattern cues. F0DLs were not influenced by Component Phase for N=6 or 7, but were smaller for cosine than for alternating Phase once N exceeded 7, suggesting that temporal fine structure plays a role in this range. When the cen...
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Phase effects in masking: Within- versus across-channel processes
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2003Co-Authors: José I. Alcántara, Brian C J Moore, Brian R Glasberg, Alexander Wilkinson, Urszula JoraszAbstract:The effects of bandwidth and Component Phase on masking were investigated using 200-ms narrowband (1-ERBN) and broadband (5-ERBN) cosine-Phase (CP) and random-Phase (RP) harmonic complex maskers, centered at 1 or 6 kHz. A continuous notched-noise was used to restrict off-frequency listening. The masker fundamental frequency (F0) was 25 Hz. In experiment 1, thresholds were measured for sinusoidal signals at 1 and 6 kHz, gated with the maskers. Thresholds were lower in the CP than in the RP masker, for both bandwidths, but the effect was markedly greater for the wider bandwidth. For the CP maskers, thresholds were markedly lower for the 5-ERBN than for the 1-ERBN bandwidth; for the RP maskers, there was a small effect in the opposite direction. Experiment 2 used 1- and 6-kHz CP maskers. The masker Components in the ERBN around the signal frequency were presented to one ear, and the remaining Components were presented contralaterally. Thresholds were much higher than when all Components were presented to the...
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Phase effects in masking: within- versus across-channel processes.
The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, 2003Co-Authors: José I. Alcántara, Brian C J Moore, Brian R Glasberg, Alex J K Wilkinson, Urszula JoraszAbstract:The effects of bandwidth and Component Phase on masking were investigated using 200-ms narrowband (1-ERB(N)) and broadband (5-ERB(N)) cosine-Phase (CP) and random-Phase (RP) harmonic complex maskers, centered at 1 or 6 kHz. A continuous notched-noise was used to restrict off-frequency listening. The masker fundamental frequency (F0) was 25 Hz. In experiment 1, thresholds were measured for sinusoidal signals at 1 and 6 kHz, gated with the maskers. Thresholds were lower in the CP than in the RP masker, for both bandwidths, but the effect was markedly greater for the wider bandwidth. For the CP maskers, thresholds were markedly lower for the 5-ERB(N) than for the 1-ERB(N) bandwidth; for the RP maskers, there was a small effect in the opposite direction. Experiment 2 used 1- and 6-kHz CP maskers. The masker Components in the ERB(N) around the signal frequency were presented to one ear, and the remaining Components were presented contralaterally. Thresholds were much higher than when all Components were presented to the same ear, and were higher than for the 1-ERB(N) masker alone, suggesting that the low thresholds for broadband monaural presentation do not depend on "high level" across-channel comparisons. Simultaneous masked thresholds could be predicted well using a model based on a simulated auditory filter, a level-dependent compressive nonlinearity, and a sliding temporal integrator; it was not necessary to assume the involvement of across-channel processes or of selective listening in the masker dips.