The Experts below are selected from a list of 5610 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform

Simon D Osullivan - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

A. A. Shipkov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A Combined Binary-Cycle Geothermal Power Plant with a Secondary Flash Steam Superheating System: Choice of Optimal Working Fluids
    Thermal Engineering, 2019
    Co-Authors: G. V. Tomarov, A. A. Shipkov
    Abstract:

    —The article presents the results from numerically modeling the process circuit of a combined binary-cycle double-flash geothermal power plant (GeoPPs) with the use of secondary flash steam superheating by means of a hydrogen–oxygen steam generator. Geothermal heat carrier from substandard wells of the Mutnovsk geothermal field, as well as separated steam and waste brine from the Mutnovsk GeoPP, were taken as the primary heat source. Numerical investigation results have shown that the application of secondary flash steam superheating by means of a hydrogen–oxygen steam generator makes it possible to increase the steam turbine’s power output and its flow path efficiency owing to the steam wetness reduced by more than a factor of two. In addition, reduced steam wetness helps prevent erosion damage to the last-stage turbine rotor blades. Data on the effect that the use of different organic substances has on the efficiency and power output of the binary installation and of the GeoPP as a whole are given. Optimization investigations have shown that the highest power output and efficiency values of the binary installation used as part of a combined binary-cycle GeoPP at the lowest specific brine flowrate are achieved in using organic substances from the groups of nontoxic fire- and flame-proof (R-31-10 and RC-318) and low-toxic fire- and flame-proof ones (R-227ea, R-236fa, R1318, and R-134a) as working fluids. It has been established that the highest power output values of a combined binary-cycle double-flash GeoPP with secondary flash steam superheating by means of a hydrogen–oxygen steam generator are achieved in using the organic working fluids R-31-10, R‑227ea, and RC-318. In so doing, the optimum design pressure in the expander-separator at which the highest efficiency and power output of the studied GeoPP are obtained makes 0.47 MPa. In solving optimization problems on selecting the working fluids for binary combined-cycle GeoPP installations, it is proposed to use multiaxial Composite Diagrams of the relative values of geothermal power plant parameters and characteristics. An example of drawing a multiaxial Composite Diagram for the relative values of parameters and characteristics for a combined binary-cycle GeoPP for the R-290, R-31-10, R-32, and RC-318 working fluids is given. The numerical investigation results can be used in designing new and modernizing the operating GeoPPs that use steam geothermal sources.

Mayer Tenenhaus - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • minimal scar formation after orthopaedic skin incisions along main folding lines
    Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery American Volume, 2019
    Co-Authors: Gottfried Lemperle, Dieter Knapp, Mayer Tenenhaus
    Abstract:

    Background Patients, particularly those who are young, often develop noticeable orthopaedic scars. In order to achieve minimal scarring, surgeons should attempt to place incisions in skinfolds or skin creases. Methods Optimal incision lines can be determined from the direction of stretch marks (striae distensae), which develop perpendicular to lines of tension or main folding lines. A Composite Diagram of photographs of 213 individuals with striae distensae was created and compared with 276 images of incisions and scars derived from the Internet. Results Classically described Langer cleavage lines often run counter to real tension lines and poorly predict the optimal direction for skin incisions. Conclusions Whenever possible, main folding lines should be utilized as a guide in planning surgical incisions for young patients as well as for correction of problem scars.

G. V. Tomarov - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • A Combined Binary-Cycle Geothermal Power Plant with a Secondary Flash Steam Superheating System: Choice of Optimal Working Fluids
    Thermal Engineering, 2019
    Co-Authors: G. V. Tomarov, A. A. Shipkov
    Abstract:

    —The article presents the results from numerically modeling the process circuit of a combined binary-cycle double-flash geothermal power plant (GeoPPs) with the use of secondary flash steam superheating by means of a hydrogen–oxygen steam generator. Geothermal heat carrier from substandard wells of the Mutnovsk geothermal field, as well as separated steam and waste brine from the Mutnovsk GeoPP, were taken as the primary heat source. Numerical investigation results have shown that the application of secondary flash steam superheating by means of a hydrogen–oxygen steam generator makes it possible to increase the steam turbine’s power output and its flow path efficiency owing to the steam wetness reduced by more than a factor of two. In addition, reduced steam wetness helps prevent erosion damage to the last-stage turbine rotor blades. Data on the effect that the use of different organic substances has on the efficiency and power output of the binary installation and of the GeoPP as a whole are given. Optimization investigations have shown that the highest power output and efficiency values of the binary installation used as part of a combined binary-cycle GeoPP at the lowest specific brine flowrate are achieved in using organic substances from the groups of nontoxic fire- and flame-proof (R-31-10 and RC-318) and low-toxic fire- and flame-proof ones (R-227ea, R-236fa, R1318, and R-134a) as working fluids. It has been established that the highest power output values of a combined binary-cycle double-flash GeoPP with secondary flash steam superheating by means of a hydrogen–oxygen steam generator are achieved in using the organic working fluids R-31-10, R‑227ea, and RC-318. In so doing, the optimum design pressure in the expander-separator at which the highest efficiency and power output of the studied GeoPP are obtained makes 0.47 MPa. In solving optimization problems on selecting the working fluids for binary combined-cycle GeoPP installations, it is proposed to use multiaxial Composite Diagrams of the relative values of geothermal power plant parameters and characteristics. An example of drawing a multiaxial Composite Diagram for the relative values of parameters and characteristics for a combined binary-cycle GeoPP for the R-290, R-31-10, R-32, and RC-318 working fluids is given. The numerical investigation results can be used in designing new and modernizing the operating GeoPPs that use steam geothermal sources.

Gottfried Lemperle - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.

  • minimal scar formation after orthopaedic skin incisions along main folding lines
    Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery American Volume, 2019
    Co-Authors: Gottfried Lemperle, Dieter Knapp, Mayer Tenenhaus
    Abstract:

    Background Patients, particularly those who are young, often develop noticeable orthopaedic scars. In order to achieve minimal scarring, surgeons should attempt to place incisions in skinfolds or skin creases. Methods Optimal incision lines can be determined from the direction of stretch marks (striae distensae), which develop perpendicular to lines of tension or main folding lines. A Composite Diagram of photographs of 213 individuals with striae distensae was created and compared with 276 images of incisions and scars derived from the Internet. Results Classically described Langer cleavage lines often run counter to real tension lines and poorly predict the optimal direction for skin incisions. Conclusions Whenever possible, main folding lines should be utilized as a guide in planning surgical incisions for young patients as well as for correction of problem scars.