The Experts below are selected from a list of 60 Experts worldwide ranked by ideXlab platform
Tilmann Habermas - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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understanding autobiographical memory identity emotion and the social matrix of autobiographical memory a psychoanalytic narrative view
2012Co-Authors: Tilmann HabermasAbstract:Psychoanalysis is over a hundred years old, and the cognitive revolution in psychology dates back over half a century. Psychoanalysis no longer focuses on sexual drives and the Oedipus complex, and cognitive psychology has long transcended the Computer Metaphor. Still, theoretical traditions leave a strong, often implicit imprint on later generations by passing on basic assumptions and taken-for-granted methods. Consequently I was more than happy to follow the editors’ suggestion to compare psychoanalytic and cognitive concepts of autobiographical memory. When I came across Martin Conway’s 2006 paper, “Reading Freud,” my heart sank, because on three pages he shows how central insights of Freud have been taken up by and have become ingrained in current cognitive research, foremost in his own work. On the basis of these commonalities, this chapter will highlight three differences in the general approach to autobiographical memory between current psychoanalytic and cognitive theories. These are (1) the relevance of identity to memory; (2) the hierarchical nature of memory modalities, ranging from action to emotion to words and narrative; and (3) the intrinsically interpersonal and social nature of remembering. Because psychoanalytic theories are not based on experimental, but on clinical evidence, my approach weds psychoanalytic theory with narrative methods. Therefore points will be illustrated with examples from narrative research and clinical vignettes. Motivation, identity, and narrative: the life story Cognitive models of normal autobiographical memory For over a century, memory psychology followed Ebbinghaus’ (1880) model of memorizing minimal isolated elements and measuring their reproducibility over time. Tulving (1972) originally coined the terms semantic memory for knowledge of interrelated, atemporal items versus episodic memory for more accidental, unintegrated items related only to the situation in which they were first learned, the prime example being lists of meaningless words introduced by Ebbinghaus. Semantic memory opened the path for cognitive psychology to build models of the organization of knowledge and its influence on the learning and retaining of new information.
W U Yueming - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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connectionism doubts on Computer Metaphor based cognitive model
Journal of Nanjing Normal University, 2000Co-Authors: W U YuemingAbstract:This paper delves into an introduction of, and a comparison between,the substance and the characteristics of the traditional Computer-Metaphor-based cognitive model and that of the new, competing connectionism. Conclusions worthy of note are that connectionism will replace the traditional model to be the mainstream trend of thought guiding cognitive research; that breakthrough in disciplines like linguistics can only be achieved by first discarding the traditional cognitive model.
Christiane Notari - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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the Computer Metaphor and cognitive linguistics Metaphore de l ordinateur et linguistique cognitive doctorate ph d thesis under the supervision of mr jean pamies university of toulouse ii
2008Co-Authors: Christiane NotariAbstract:SUMMARY The Computer Metaphor prevails within cognitive science. It originates in the mathematical computability theory [said the Church and Turing theses (1936), and the Turing demonstration (1937)], and likens, since the invention of the material Computer, designed by John Von Neumann in 1945 with the EDVAC 1 , the mind to software, and the brain to the hardware of a Computer. The advent of the Computer strengthens a large group of eminent researchers in the idea that thought and computation are equivalent. In this context, consciousness, free-will, intelligence, imagination, creativity, emotions and, feelings, are left aside, and the focus is put on formal rules combining empty symbols without sound and meaning.
Hubert J M Hermans - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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voicing the self from information processing to dialogical interchange
Psychological Bulletin, 1996Co-Authors: Hubert J M HermansAbstract:Dialogue implies an interchange between mutually influencing voices. Two Metaphors playing a major role in contemporary research are analyzed from such a perspective: the Computer Metaphor, in which the self is studied as an information-processing device, and the narrative Metaphor, in which, story and storytelling are guiding principles for the self. It is argued that, on the Metaphorical level, the Computer and the narrative analogy allow voice and intersubjective exchange to play important roles in self-organization. In actual research, however, these elements are neglected. Theoretical and empirical arguments emphasize the relevance of the dialogical view for the study of the self. Finally, the role of dominance in inter- and intrapersonal processes and the relevance of collective voices for contemporary psychology are sketched.
Natasha Abrahams - One of the best experts on this subject based on the ideXlab platform.
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review the historical context of the Computer Metaphor of the brain
Humanity, 2018Co-Authors: Natasha AbrahamsAbstract:Popular understandings of the human brain in the twenty-first century are characterised through a Computer Metaphor. In this review, I situate the Computer Metaphor within its historical context, positioning it as the most recent incarnation of Metaphors of the brain which draw upon technology. I argue that communication technology Metaphors produced for the brain appear to capture its essential characteristics, due to these technologies being designed to emulate human labour.